Fecal pollution source tracking in waters intended for human supply based on archaeal and bacterial genetic markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Bianco ◽  
Camila Barreto ◽  
Samara Sant'Anna Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo Henriques Pinto ◽  
Rodolpho Mattos Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Bacterial Genetic

The determination of fecal pollution sources in aquatic ecosystems is essential to estimate associated health risks. In this study, we evaluate eight microbial source tracking (MST) markers including host-specific Bacteroidales and Methanobrevibacter spp. for discrimination between human, bovine, equine, and swine fecal contamination in waters intended for human supply. Overall, the novel host-specific archaeal and bacterial primers proposed in this study demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Markers for the Archaea domain were more prevalent in the fecal and water samples studied. We conclude that the investigations regarding the sources of fecal pollution in public water supplies can contribute to improve the quality of human health. To our knowledge, this is the first analysis using both archaeal and bacterial fecal MST markers on tropical water bodies of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil.

scholarly journals Copper-nickel oxide nanofilm modified electrode for non-enzymatic determination of glucose

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-255
Author(s):  
Mahsa Hasanzadeh ◽  
Zahra Hasanzadeh ◽  
Sakineh Alizadeh ◽  
Mehran Sayadi ◽  
Mojtaba Nasiri Nezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Stability Loss ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Step Potential ◽  
Enzymatic Determination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Naoh Solution

CuxO-NiO nanocomposite film for the non-enzymatic determination of glucose was prepared by the novel modifying method. At first, anodized Cu electrode was kept in a mixture solution of CuSO4, NiSO4 and H2SO4 for 15 minutes. Then, a cathodization process with a step potential of -6 V in a mixture solution of CuSO4 and NiSO4 was initiated, generating formation of porous Cu-Ni film on the bare Cu electrode by electrodeposition assisted by the release of hydrogen bubbles acting as soft templates. Optimized conditions were determined by the experimental design software for electrodeposition process. Afterward, Cu-Ni modified electrode was scanned by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method in NaOH solution to convert Cu and Ni nanoparticles to the nano-scaled CuxO-NiO film. The electrocatalytic behavior of the novel CuxO-NiO film toward glucose oxidation was studied by CV and chronoamperometry (CHA) techniques. The calibration curve of glucose was found linear in a wide range of 0.04–5.76 mM, with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 7.3 µM (S/N = 3) and high sensitivity (1.38 mA mM-1 cm-2). The sensor showed high selectivity against some usual interfering species and high stability (loss of only 6.3 % of its performance over one month). The prepared CuxO-NiO nanofilm based sensor was successfully applied for monitoring glucose in human blood serum and urine samples.

A QCM Immunosensor for Rapid Determination of Ractopamine in Food Based on Enzyme-AuNPs for Signal Amplification and Magnetic β-Cyclodextrins for Extraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Shu Xian Chen ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Dao Dong Pan ◽  
Ning Gan
Keyword(s):  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Reliable Quantification ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Amplification Strategy

An enzyme amplified immunosensor for highly sensitive detection of Ractopamine (RAC) in foodstuff was developed based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The high sensitivity was achieved by enzyme-AuNPs signal amplification strategy and magnetic β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) enrichment capacity. The novel QCM immunosensor which combines with the advantages of high selectivity of immunoassays and the high sensitivity of QCM has been developed for the determination of trace residues of RAC in food production. Under optimum conditions, the differences in the frequencies (∆f) of the QCM were proportional to the concentration of RAC over the range from 0.01 to 10 ng mL-1. The minimal detection limit was 0.01 ng mL-1. Due to its high sensitivity, acceptable stability and good selectivity, the immunosensor realized reliable quantification of RAC in real foodstuff. The proposed project has the potential to become a successful on-site screening method in food safety.

scholarly journals Linguistic-and-Stylistic Determination of National Peculiarities Representation in Literary Translation (Exemplified by Uzbek Prose)

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Saodat Kamilova ◽  
◽  
Nasirulla Mirkurbanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Translation ◽  
Approximate Algorithm ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Individual Style

The article summarizes the analysis results of the quality of rendering of the national specifics and individual style of the writer related to it in the process of literary translation. The material for analysis is the novel "Diamond Belt" by Pirimkul Kadyrov translated from Uzbek into Russian by Yu. Suvortsev and interlinear translation presented by the author himself. The explanatory potential of a hermeneutic approach to the analysis of source and target texts is demonstrated in the article. The examples of successful translational solutions to the representation of national picture of the world reflected in the source text, which are revealed in rendering of puns, proverbs, etc., were characterized. There were also revealed errors made by the translator when reproducing personal names of characters, etiquette formulas, stylization of characters' speech, etc., which led not only to a violation of the integrity of the perception of a literary text, but also to leveling of the national specificity of the source text. As the result of the study, an approximate algorithm for a translation strategy, which will minimize losses in the rendering of the national specificity and writer's individual style in the process of translation from one language to another, has been developed. As a research perspective, the authors raise the problem of authorized translation and the problem of the writer's creative work in the process of the interlinear translation.

scholarly journals Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Aminexil, Pyridoxine, and Niacinamide in a Novel Cosmetic Hair Preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1172
Author(s):  
Mamdouh R Rezk ◽  
Hebatallah M Essam ◽  
Enas A Amer ◽  
Dina M S Youssif
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Keratin Fibers

Abstract Background Aminexil, a new compound patented by L’Oreal, has a stimulating effect on human keratin fibers. Pyridoxine HCl and niacinamide are added to boost the hair tonic effect of aminexil. Objective Two novel chromatographic methods were developed for the determination of aminexil (AX), niacinamide (NA) and pyridoxine HCl (PD) in the novel hair tonic preparation. Methods The developed methods were high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) with densitometric determination. Different experimental parameters were investigated and optimized to achieve complete baseline separation and well resolved peaks. The RP-HPLC separation was achieved using a Thermoscientific BDS hypersil C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column using 0.005 M hexane sulfonic acid: methanol (80: 20, v/v) as a mobile phase. For the TLC method, the three analytes were partitioned between propanol: toluene: ammonia solution (40:60:2, v/v/v) and fluorescent silica plates. The two methods were validated in compliance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The obtained data were statistically analyzed to confirm the existing results. The developed methods were successfully applied for determination of the studied drugs in pure forms and in the cosmetic preparation. Results For the HPLC method, the RSDs of AX, NA and PD were 0.70, 0.88 and 1.17 respectively. For the TLC method, the RSDs of AX, NA and PD were 1.06, 1.37 and 0.73 respectively. Conclusions The proposed chromatographic methods showed high sensitivity and selectivity for the three compounds under analysis in the laboratory prepared mixture and in the hair tonic preparation. Highlights Aminexil, Pyridoxine, Niacinamide, HPLC. The present work offers two reproducible, accurate, validated, time and cost saving alternatives for the quantitative and qualitative determination of medicated hair preparation.

Application of enteric viruses for fecal pollution source tracking in environmental waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Wong ◽  
Theng-Theng Fong ◽  
Kyle Bibby ◽  
Marirosa Molina
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Environmental Waters

Highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor surpassing water oxidation interference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Thakur ◽  
Debaprasad Mandal ◽  
Tharamani Chikka Nagaiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Enzymatic Sensor ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Sensitive Determination

An electrochemical non-enzymatic sensor based on NiVP/Pi material was developed for the selective and sensitive determination of glucose. The novel sensor shows ultra-high sensitivity of 6.04 mA μM-1 cm-2 with...

scholarly journals New observations and transit solutions of the exoplanets HAT-P-53b and XO-5b

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Diana Kjurkchieva ◽  
Nikola Petrov ◽  
Sunay Ibryamov ◽  
Grigor Nikolov ◽  
Velimir Popov
Keyword(s):  
Orbital Period ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Limb Darkening ◽  
Host Stars

We present photometric observations of transiting exoplanets HATP-53b and XO-5b by the Rozhen 2 m telescope. The modeling of the HAT-P-53b transit required bigger planet radius than the previously published value due to the bigger depth of the newly-observed transit. The transit solution of XO-5b led to values of fitted parameters within errors of the previously published results. Based on a time span of around 9 years we improved the orbital period of XO-5b to the value of 4.187751515 d. The quality of our data does not allow determination of planet temperatures by the transit solutions. Our results confirmed the Jupiter type of the two targets. The more bloated nature of HAT-P-53b is a result of its considerable closer orbit and higher temperature of the host star. The best fits of the newly-observed transits of HAT-P-53b and XO-5b correspond to the quadratic limb-darkening law of their host stars whose coefficients were determined. The high sensitivity of the transit solutions to the stellar limb-darkening law and its coefficient( s) is proposed as a tool for precise empirical investigation of the limb-darkening effect of host stars and its interpretation.

Determination of sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limits for a point of care high sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred S. Apple ◽  
Karen Schulz ◽  
Christian W. Schmidt ◽  
Trees S. Y. van Domburg ◽  
Judith M. Fonville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Objectives High sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin (cTn) assays are defined per the IFCC Committee on Clinical Application of Cardiac Biomarker (C-CB) by the ability to measure ≥ 50% of concentrations greater than the limit of detection (LoD) with an impression of ≤10% at sex-specific 99th percentiles. Our study determined the sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limits for males and females utilizing heparinized plasma from AACC universal sample bank for the Siemens point of care (POC) Atellica® VTLi hs-cTnI immunoassay. Methods Apparently healthy subjects, included overall 693, males 363, and females 330, following exclusionary surrogate biomarker use of hemoglobin A1c, NT-proBNP, and eGFR, along with statin medication. hs-cTnI was measured in a central laboratory, on multiple POC Atellica® VTLi immunoassay analyzers. The LoD was 1.24 ng/L and limit of quantitation (CV 20%) was 6.7 ng/L. 99th percentile URLs were determined by the nonparametric (NP) method. Results Histograms of the hs-cTnI concentrations (ng/L) for males and females were used to visualize the distributions and concentrations in men and women and differed significantly (pre- and post-exclusion, both p <0.001). 99th percentile URLs were: overall 23 ng/L (90% CI 20–32 ng/L); male 27 ng/L (CI 21–37 ng/L); female 18 ng/L (CI 9–78 ng/L). The percentages of subjects having a measurable concentration ≥ the LoD were: overall 83.7%, male 87.3%, female 79.7%. Conclusions Our findings show the novel POC Atellica® VTLi hs-cTnI assay meets the designation of a ‘high-sensitivity’ assay using heparinized plasma.

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