Temporal variations of runoff in a rapidly urbanizing semi-arid Chinese watershed

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhong Gao ◽  
Fengling Li ◽  
Xixi Wang ◽  
Tingxi Liu ◽  
Dandan Du
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Central China ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
North Central ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Local Water

Rapid urbanization on streamflows may directly affect or be restricted by the sustainability of local water resources. This is particularly true for arid/semiarid areas such as the Wulanmulun River watershed in the rapidly-developing Ordos region of north central China. From 1997 to 2012, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the region increased fifty-fold, while the urban area grew by a factor of ten. This study fused multiple-source data on land use, hydrometeorology, and socioeconomics to examine temporal variations in the runoff due to climate change and urbanization. The results revealed that for the Wulanmulun River watershed, the runoff decreased consistently over the study period, with an inflection point around 2005. The average runoff from 2006 to 2012 was much smaller than that from 1997 to 2005, regardless of time scale; although the precipitation also fluctuated from 1997 to 2012, it exhibited no significant trend. From 1997–2005 to 2006–2012, both the urbanized area and GDP increased eight-fold while the population increased by 20%. Thus, urbanization rather than climate change is likely the major reason for the decrease in runoff after 2005. For the study watershed, low impact development practices (e.g. rain barrels) may need to be implemented during urbanization to achieve sustainable management of water resources.

Water resources of the Big Fork River watershed, north-central Minnesota

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald F. Lindholm ◽  
John O. Helgesen ◽  
Donald W. Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
North Central ◽  
River Watershed

scholarly journals Analysing the sensitivity of Hungarian landscapes based on climate change induced shallow groundwater fluctuation

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Zsolt Fehér ◽  
János Rakonczai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Groundwater Fluctuation ◽  
Current Parameter ◽  
Local Water ◽  
The One

One of the undoubtedly recognizable consequences of the ongoing climate change in Hungary is the permanent change of groundwater depth, and consequently the sustainably reachable local water resources. These processes trigger remarkable changes in soil and vegetation. Thus, in research of sensitivity of any specific landscape to the varying climatic factors, monitoring and continuous evaluation of the water resources is inevitable. The presented spatiotemporal geostatistical cosimulation framework is capable to identify rearrangements of the subsurface water resources through water resource observations. Application of the Markov 2-type coregionalization model is based on the assumption, that presumably only slight changes have to be handled between two consecutive time instants, hence current parameter set can be estimated based on the spatial structures of prior and current dataset and previously identified parameters. Moreover, the algorithm is capable to take into consideration the significance of the geomorphologic settings on the subsurface water flow. Trends in water resource changes are appropriate indicators of certain areas climate sensitivity. The method is also suitable in determination of the main cause of the extraordinary groundwater discharges, like the one, observed from the beginning of the 1980’s in the Danube–Tisza Interfluve in Hungary.

Evaluation of the impacts of climate change and land-use dynamics on water resources: The case of the Lobo River watershed: Central-Western Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berenger Koffi ◽  
Zilé Alex Kouadio ◽  
Affoué Berthe Yao ◽  
Kouakou Hervé Kouassi ◽  
Martin Sanchez Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

<p>Meeting growing water needs in a context of increasing scarcity of resources due to climate change and changes in land use is a major challenge for developing countries in the coming years. The watershed of the Lobo river in Nibéhibé does not escape this dilemma. The water retention of the Lobo River and its watershed play an important role in the subsistence of the inhabitants of the region. However, the watershed is currently subject to strong human pressures mainly associated with the constant increase in human population and intensification of agricultural activities. The main objective of this study is to assess the impacts of climate change on the water resources of the Lobo River watershed at Nibéhibé in the central-western part of Côte d'Ivoire. Two climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) were established using the regional climate model RCA4 (Rossby Centre atmospheric model 4) and the flows under these scenarios were simulated by the hydrological model CEQUEAU with respect to a reference period (1986-2005). The RCA4 regional model predicts an increase of 1.27° C; 2.58° C in the horizon 2021-2040 and 2051-2070 in mean annual temperature. Rainfall would also experience a significant average annual decrease of about 6.51% and 11.15% over the period 2021-2040 and 2041-2070. As for the evolution of flows, the Cequeau model predicts a decrease in the runoff and infiltration of water on the horizon 2021-2040 and an increase in evapotranspiration over time according to the RCP4.5 scenario. However, the model predicts an increase in runoff at the expense of a decrease in REE and infiltration at the horizon 2040-2070 according to scenario RCP8.5. It appears from this study that surface flows and infiltrations, which constitute the water resources available to meet the water needs of the basin's populations, will be the most affected. The results obtained in this study are important and could contribute to guide decision making for sustainable water resource management.</p>

scholarly journals Toward More Resilient Urban Stormwater Management Systems—Bridging the Gap From Theory to Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert van Duin ◽  
David Z. Zhu ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
Robert J. Muir ◽  
Chris Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
System Sensitivity

Many publications include references to reliability, risk and resilience, specifically within the context of climate change and rapid urbanization. However, there is a considerable gap between theory and actual implementation by drainage professionals. As such, most drainage professionals will not have an appreciation of a drainage system's response to events in excess of its original design event. This gap is compounded by the desire toward evaluating components such as “critical infrastructure” for events significantly more severe than ever contemplated. This paper, reflecting the combined wisdom and thoughts of various drainage professionals across Canada involved with the creation of the Canadian drainage standards (CSA W204 and W210), provides a treatise of risk and resilience based on the application of the dual drainage principle. It provides a discussion of key factors including climate change; densification; shape, intensity, duration and spatial extent of storm events, as a function of the normalized capacity or drain down/emptying time of the various components of the drainage system. Commentaries are offered, highlighting the role of appropriate setbacks and freeboard, and focusing on those aspects that have historically been ignored. Avenues to increase system resilience are presented including an evolution in passive and active flow controls, the potential beneficial role of natural systems and low impact development practices as a function of system sensitivity, discussing how options may vary across Canada.

scholarly journals Impacts of urbanization and climate change on water quantity and quality in the Carp River watershed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baba-Serges Zango ◽  
Ousmane Seidou ◽  
Majid Sartaj ◽  
Nader Nakhaei ◽  
Kelly Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Phosphorus Loads ◽  
Water Quantity And Quality

Abstract Pressure on water resources has reached unprecedented levels during the last decades because of climate change, industrialization, and population growth. As a result, vulnerability to inappropriate water availability and/or quality is increasing worldwide. In this paper, a Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model of the Carp river watershed located in the city of Ottawa, Ontario was calibrated and validated. The model was then used to evaluate the individual and coupled impacts of urbanization and climate change on water quantity (discharge) and quality (nitrogen and phosphorus loads). While most of the watershed is currently rural, the headwaters will undergo rapid urbanization in the future, and there are concerns about possible negative impacts on water quantity and quality. Seven scenarios were developed to represent various watershed configurations in terms of land use and climate regime. Future climate time series were obtained by statistically downscaling the outputs of nine regional climate models, ran under representative concentration pathways (RCP)4.5 and RCP8.5. The impacts were evaluated at the main outlet and at the outlet of an upstream sub-watershed that would be most affected by urbanization. Results show that climate change and urbanization's impacts vary greatly depending on the spatial scale and geographic location. Globally, the annual average discharge will increase between 6.75 and 9.34% by 2050, while changes in annual average nitrogen and phosphorus loads will vary between −1.20 and 24.84%, and 19.15 and 23.81%, respectively. Local impacts in sub-watersheds undergoing rapid urbanization would be often much larger than watershed-scale impacts.

scholarly journals Water Conflicts in Urbanizing Regions in the Himalaya: Case Studies from Dhulikhel and Bidur in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
Kamal Devkota ◽  
Dil Khatri ◽  
Kaustuv Raj Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Local Water

Evidences suggest the growing problem of water scarcity in Himalayan towns due to rapid urbanization, variation in land use and climate change. The scarcity has led to different forms of water related conflicts. This paper documents the drivers and dynamics of water related conflicts in Himalayan towns and explores the potentialities for cooperation in resolving these conflicts based on detailed case study of two mid-hill towns in Nepal. Data were gathered using key informant interviews, focused group discussions, stakeholder consultations and participant observations. The key forms of conflicts emerged from the case study include a) upstream-downstream contestation for access to and/or control over water; b) tension caused by disparities in water distribution within urban region and c) competing use of water for domestic and other purposes. The major drivers of such conflicts include growing water demand both in upstream and downstream areas, declining water sources exacerbated by climate change and urbanization. In both cases of Dhulikhel and Bidur, water for municipal supply was acquired from upstream rural areas using political influence. However, the agreements forged between towns and upstream villages were later contestedby empowered upstream people. This suggests that socio-political relations have key role in governing water access. Insights from these cases reinforces the argument that local water management is a political agenda and resolving contestation and conflicts require enhanced cooperation and deliberation. We see the need for institutional mechanisms for forging cooperation and inclusive decision-making practices towards better local water governance.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall trends in Chhattisgarh State, Central India over the last 115 years

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish K. Nema ◽  
Deepak Khare ◽  
Jan Adamowski ◽  
Surendra K. Chandniha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Change Point Detection ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractA quantitative and qualitative understanding of the anticipated climate-change-driven multi-scale spatio-temporal shifts in precipitation and attendant river flows is crucial to the development of water resources management approaches capable of sustaining and even improving the ecological and socioeconomic viability of rain-fed agricultural regions. A set of homogeneity tests for change point detection, non-parametric trend tests, and the Sen’s slope estimator were applied to long-term gridded rainfall records of 27 newly formed districts in Chhattisgarh State, India. Illustrating the impacts of climate change, an analysis of spatial variability, multi-temporal (monthly, seasonal, annual) trends and inter-annual variations in rainfall over the last 115 years (1901–2015 mean 1360 mm·y−1) showed an overall decline in rainfall, with 1961 being a change point year (i.e., shift from rising to declining trend) for most districts in Chhattisgarh. Spatio-temporal variations in rainfall within the state of Chhattisgarh showed a coefficient of variation of 19.77%. Strong inter-annual and seasonal variability in regional rainfall were noted. These rainfall trend analyses may help predict future climate scenarios and thereby allow planning of effective and sustainable water resources management for the region.

scholarly journals Simulated and predicted responses of tree stem radial growth to climate change—A case study in semi-arid north central China

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 125632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minhui He ◽  
Bao Yang ◽  
Sergio Rossi ◽  
Achim Bräuning ◽  
Vladimir Shishov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Central China ◽  
North Central ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Tree Stem

Sediment geochemistry of Lake Daihai, north-central China: implications for catchment weathering and climate change during the Holocene

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianli Sun ◽  
Sumin Wang ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Zhongyuan Chen ◽  
Ji Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central China ◽  
Sediment Geochemistry ◽  
North Central ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Lake Daihai
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