scholarly journals Drivers of unhygienic desludging practices in unplanned settlements of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-526
Author(s):  
Amour Seleman ◽  
Sara Gabrielsson ◽  
Tolly S. A. Mbwette ◽  
Richard Kimwaga
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

Abstract Desludging is considered a key step in urban sanitation improvement. Nevertheless, in most urban unplanned settlements, desludging is performed in an unhygienic manner, risking public health. This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyse the underlying factors for unhygienic desludging in three urban unplanned settlements of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Factors for unhygienic desludging were analysed using logistic regression analysis and the Integrated Behavioural Model for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (IBM-WASH), respectively. It was found that 23.7% of the surveyed houses practised unhygienic desludging. Plot physical inaccessibility, outdated laws that stipulate low penalties and the lack of routine data were found to be key contextual factors. Furthermore, perceived inability to control unhygienic desludging among community members and the lack of feeling of shame among those performing unhygienic desludging are the key psycho-social factors. Technological factors contributing to continued practice of unhygienic desludging can be linked to the weakness in existing desludging technologies and general skepticism about the performance of manual desludging hand pumps. This paper concludes that unhygienic desludging in Dar es Salaam is likely to continue unless such factors are considered and integrated into the city's sanitation improvement plans.

scholarly journals The Linguistic Behaviours of the Pupils of the Elementary Education and the Social Factors that Condition Them: Surveys of the Linguistic Behaviours of the Pupils of Elementary Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Gazmira Birce ◽  
Esat Demo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Behaviour ◽  
The City

Abstract The purpose of this study is to discover the way of speaking of pupils of elementary education, their linguistic behaviour, their speech, writing and speaking. The study aims to find the slinguistic factors that affect the pupils′ way of speaking, but also to find the other factors such as social factors which affect or limit the student’s speech. The participants in the study are the pupils of elementary school, particularly the pupils of fourth and fifth grades, to study their speech, the factors that affect it and if they speak according to the standard language. The study is conducted with the pupils of the fourth grade of “Dino Ismaili” school, because there is where we both work. We also conducted a conversation with the pupils to see their way of speaking and expression of thoughts. We also filled in some questionnaires in three schools of the city of Fier. The methods that we used are a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, we used surveys and questionnires. The data of the study revealed that the factors that affect the speech are: age, gender, ethnic group, social background, family and two social factors such as social economic group and the parent’s level of education. Other factors are book reading, TV and other children programs, conversation with peers and parents etc.

scholarly journals Determinants and Attitudes of Women on Empowerment through MFIs

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kirigiti Josephat ◽  
Arnold Kabyemela Fulment ◽  
Benta Matunga
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Analyse Data

Empowerment is a process, and it does not occur automatically. This has necessitated several studies to have different findings about the evidence for women empowerment. This is because empowerment is a continuous and constantly evolving process. This necessitates investigation of the factors which determine women empowerment in specific areas. This paper examined social factors which determine women empowerment in Kondoa District. Moreover, it establishes the level of attitude towards women empowerment. To determine factors and attitudes towards women empowerment, a survey was done at the household level for both women who are members and those who are not members of Microfinance Institutions in Kondoa District. A purposeful method was used to obtain a sample of 415 women involved in this study whereby 214 were members and 201 were nonmembers of financial institutions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized to collect and analyse data. Eight factors were analyzed to establish their association with women empowerment. Out of the eight factors, only five factors which include marital status [OR = 1.207], level of education [1.122], number of years lived in the area (residence) [1.018], microfinance membership [2.462] and residence area (urban) [1.008] were positively associated with women empowerment. The women’s attitude towards their empowerment is positive contrary to most men. The study recommends women to work hard with financial support received as they are key players for their success.

The Status of Livelihood Vulnerability and Its CopingCapacities of Urban Squatters in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Chhabi Ram Baral
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Status

Urban poverty is one of multidimensional issue in Nepal. Increasing immigration from the outer parts of Kathmandu due to rural poverty, unemployment and weak security of the lives and the properties are core causes pushing people into urban areas. In this context how squatter urban area people sustain their livelihoods is major concern. The objectives of the study are to find out livelihood assets and capacities squatters coping with their livelihood vulnerability in adverse situation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are applied for data collection. It is found that squatters social security is weak, victimized by severe health problems earning is not regular with lack of physical facilities and overall livelihood is critical. This study helps to understand what the changes that have occurred in livelihood patterns and how poor people survive in urban area.

scholarly journals An overview of the rationale for qualitative research methods in social health

2013 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-008
Author(s):  
Heather Stuckey
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Diabetes Research ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Qualitative research is a primary way to understand the context of diabetes in a person′s life, beyond the medical outcomes. Identifying the qualitative issues such as patients′ knowledge about diabetes, their beliefs and attitudes, and their relationship with health care professionals can serve as data to determine the obstacles and, in turn, resolutions to those issues in diabetes management. Characteristics of qualitative and quantitative methods are described, with the discussion that both methods are complementary, not conflicting, to further the field of diabetes research.

scholarly journals Risk of Increased Acceptance for Organizational Nepotism and Cronyism during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ignatowski ◽  
Łukasz Sułkowski ◽  
Bartłomiej Stopczyński
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Impact

Nepotism and cronyism are forms of favoritism towards certain people in the workplace. For this reason, they constitute a problem for organization managers, ethicists and psychologists. Identifying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the increase of nepotism and cronyism may provide a basis for organizations to assess their extent and to take possible measures to prevent their negative effects. At the same time, the research presented in the article may provide a basis for further research work related to nepotism and cronyism at the times of other threats, different from the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growing acceptance for nepotism and cronyism in Polish enterprises. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been included in the conducted research. Qualitative study aimed at improving knowledge of nepotism and cronyism and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these phenomena, followed by a quantitative study conducted in order to verify the information obtained in the qualitative study. This research has demonstrated that Nepotism and cronyism in the workplace, are phenomenon that are basically evaluated negatively. They adversely influences social and economic development, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nepotism and cronyism is not significant.

Challenges posed by kinship care: A study focussing on New South Wales

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Gibbons ◽  
Jan Mason
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Kinship Care ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Placement Option

Kinship care as a formal placement option has been steadily increasing over recent years, particularly in New South Wales. This paper draws on a report of research on kinship care in New South Wales, in which the two authors participated (Mason et al, 2002). In conducting the research, qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore both ‘top down’ perspectives (from policy documents and statistics) and ‘bottom up’ perspectives (from child protection practitioners and those who experience policy as service recipients – kinship carers, young people in kinship care and parents of children in kinship care).In this paper we briefly outline the research and discuss findings relating to definitions of kinship care, the extent of kinship care in NSW, decision making around the placement of children in kinship care, reasons given by participants for kinship care, and support for carers.

Analysis of Formation and Testing of Efflorescence on Concrete Elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 641-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Pernicová
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Additional Measurement ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Concrete Elements

Complex of measurements methods for indicate white efflorescence are presented in this paper. This article is focus on primary efflorescence, specifically lime based, which cannot be completely avoided. Tests involve not only qualitative and quantitative methods but also recommended additional measurement. Because there are not any standard for determination this kind of efflorescence, this set of tests should help for design concrete elements and limited risks of its creation.

scholarly journals Assessing size of pituitary adenomas: a comparison of qualitative and quantitative methods on MR

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Davies ◽  
Elizabeth Carr ◽  
Calvin Soh ◽  
Kanna K. Gnanalingham
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods

The Students’ Perceptions towards the effects of EFL Teachers’ Classroom Assessment Technique on their Academic Achievements: The Case of Four Selected Secondary Schools in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Faskal Faranso Faltamo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Classroom Assessment ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Data Collections

Assessment is an integral part of measuring effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. It basically focused on measuring the students’ progress in what they learned. Current study examined the relation between the students’ perceptions towards EFL teachers Classroom Assessment methods and their academic achievements. To this end, descriptive research design with qualitative and quantitative methods of data collections was employed. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources via questionnaire, interview and observations. Target populations of current study were randomly selected 281students and purposely selected four teachers of secondary schools at Wolaita zone, Ethiopia. The data were analyzed using mixed methods of data analysis. Based on results obtained from qualitative and quantitative data, it was found out that the students’ perceptions towards teachers’ assessment was proportional to their achievement. Most dominantly, low achievers were not satisfied with their teachers’ methods of assessment as their students were low and the vice versa it true.

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