Assessing interactions between groundwater and surface water in a Pampean stream

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Becher Quinodoz ◽  
M. Blarasin ◽  
H. Panarello ◽  
E. Ducos
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Groundwater Supply

In the south of Córdoba (Argentina), groundwater from the unconfined aquifer, presents scarce suitability due to high values of salts, sulfates, arsenic and fluorides. This situation makes it necessary to explore other possibilities, for example, conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water. The objective of this work was to describe the dynamic and geochemical relationships between surface water and groundwater in the medium-low basin of the Ají stream. The conceptual model was supported by the use of stable 18O/16O and 2H/1H isotopes and it was validated through numerical modeling and 222Rn activity results. The stream water is sodium bicarbonate fresh type (460–1,400 μS/cm). The aquifer presents fresh to salt water (720–14,000 μS/cm), from sodium bicarbonate to sodium chloride type. The isotopic results show that there is a straight mixing line between surface water and groundwater samples. The geochemical numerical modeling revealed that in the mixing models between stream and aquifer, for hydraulically linked samples, the aquifer only provides 2% of the total stream flow. This was validated through 222Rn results, which led us to the estimation of about 2% of groundwater supply in summer.

Speciation and evaluation of Arsenic in surface water and groundwater samples: A multivariate case study

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameel Ahmed Baig ◽  
Tasneem Gul Kazi ◽  
Abdul Qadir Shah ◽  
Ghulam Abbas Kandhro ◽  
Hassan Imran Afridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Multivariate Case ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Samples

scholarly journals Residues of sulfonamides and their acetylated metabolites in the environment of aquaculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09030
Author(s):  
Lei Tong ◽  
Liting Qin ◽  
Chuan Guan ◽  
Mesmire E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Acetylated Metabolites ◽  
Surface Environment

This study documents the occurrence of sulfonamides (SA) and their acetylated metabolite compounds in an aquaculture environment in China. Five parent compounds of SAs and four metabolites were detected in fish water, surface water, and groundwater. The most relevant compounds in terms of frequency of detection and maximum concentrations detected were sulfamethoxazole and sulfachinoxalin in fish water and surface water, with average concentrations of 541 ng/L and 274 ng/L, respectively. The acetylated metabolites were detected at higher concentrations than their parent compounds in groundwater, although they were much lower than in the surface environment. The recent appearance of acetylated metabolites of SAs in groundwater samples demonstrates the environmental health concern and the need of further study.

scholarly journals Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Analysis under the Effects of Climate Change, Hydraulic Fracturing and its Associated Activities: A Case Study from Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Gopal Chandra Saha ◽  
Michael Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Simulation Results

This study assessed how hydraulic fracturing (HF) (water withdrawals from nearby river water source) and its associated activities (construction of well pads) would affect surface water and groundwater in 2021–2036 under changing climate (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios of the CanESM2) in a shale gas and oil play area (23,984.9 km2) of northwestern Alberta, Canada. An integrated hydrologic model (MIKE-SHE and MIKE-11 models), and a cumulative effects landscape simulator (ALCES) were used for this assessment. The simulation results show an increase in stream flow and groundwater discharge in 2021–2036 under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios with respect to those under the base modeling period (2000–2012). This occurs because of the increased precipitation and temperature predicted in the study area under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results found that HF has very small (less than 1%) subtractive impacts on stream flow in 2021–2036 because of the large size of the study area, although groundwater discharge would increase minimally (less than 1%) due to the increase in the gradient between groundwater and surface water systems. The simulation results also found that the construction of well pads related to HF have very small (less than 1%) additive impacts on stream flow and groundwater discharge due to the non-significant changes in land use. The obtained results from this study provide valuable information for effective long-term water resources decision making in terms of seasonal and annual water extractions from the river, and allocation of water to the oil and gas industries for HF in the study area to meet future energy demand considering future climate change.

Embodied energy comparison of surface water and groundwater supply options

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (17) ◽  
pp. 5577-5586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Mo ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
James R. Mihelcic ◽  
David R. Hokanson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Supply

scholarly journals Determination of Submicrogram-per-Liter Concentrations of Caffeine in Surface Water and Groundwater Samples by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R Burkhardt ◽  
Paul P Soliven ◽  
Stephen L Werner ◽  
Deborah G Vaught
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Relative Standard

Abstract A method for determining submicrogram-per-liter concentrations of caffeine in surface water and groundwater samples has been developed. Caffeine is extracted from a 1 L water sample with a 0.5 g graphitized carbon-based solid-phase cartridge, eluted with methylene chloride-methanol (80 + 20, v/v), and analyzed by liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection. The single-operator method detection limit for organic-free water samples was 0.02 μg/L. Mean recoveries and relative standard deviations were 93 ± 13% for organic- free water samples fortified at 0.04 μg/L and 84 ± 4% for laboratory reagent spikes fortified at 0.5 μg/L. Environmental concentrations of caffeine ranged from 0.003 to 1.44 μg/L in surface water samples and from 0.01 to 0.08 μg/L in groundwater samples.

scholarly journals Evaluation of human risks of surface water and groundwater contaminated with Cd and Pb in the southern El-Minya Governorate, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman A. Salman ◽  
Ahmed A. Asmoay ◽  
Amr El-Gohary ◽  
Hassan Sabet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Allowable Level ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract. Water pollution with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is a worldwide concern because of their health impact. Determination of their concentrations and potential human health risks in surface water and groundwater in the southern El-Minya Governorate, Egypt, is the main aim of this study. Fifty-five samples were collected, 30 surface water samples and 25 groundwater samples. The samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry to determine Cd and Pb contents. Their levels in surface water and groundwater exceeded the maximum allowable level for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The hazard quotient showed that the surface water and groundwater may pose a health risk to residents, especially to children.

scholarly journals WEAP-MODFLOW dynamic modeling approach to evaluate surface water and groundwater supply sources of Addis Ababa city

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behailu Birhanu ◽  
Seifu Kebede ◽  
Marco Masetti ◽  
Tenalem Ayenew
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
City Water ◽  
Demand Coverage

The integration between WEAP and MODFLOW models coupled via LinkKitchen helps to create a dynamic link between surface water and groundwater supply sources of Addis Ababa city. Possible impacts of natural and anthropogenic stresses on surface water reservoirs volume and groundwater storage have been assessed through water supply scenario analysis. Besides, contrary to other surface water hydrological models, the unique nature of WEAP adds water demand assessment by simulating Addis Ababa city near future water demand coverage under three population projection scenarios. The water demand projections of Addis Ababa city indicates 100% water demand coverage will not be achieved for high (4.6%), medium (3.8%) and low (2.8%) population growth rate projections, even with all the emerging and planned water supply projects start production up until 2025. Supply scenario projections indicate, as surface water reservoirs are highly sensitive to climate change and variability, the city groundwater supply sources will be noticeably affected by the emerging and planned groundwater supply expansion schemes. If groundwater abstraction continues to reach to zero unmet demand, more than 30-meter groundwater level decline can be registered in 2025. To foresee the combined effect of both natural and anthropogenic stresses on Addis Ababa city water supply sources, best case (considering conditions which improve Addis Ababa city water supply) and worst case (considering conditions stressing Addis Ababa city water supply) scenarios were tested. The best case scenario results zero unmet water demand in Addis Ababa city in most wet months of future projection years up to 2025, with likely decline of about 6 meter on the groundwater level. The worst case scenario to the contrary shows, Addis Ababa city water demand coverage will potentially be reduced to a maximum of 35% in 2025, with seasonal and annual variability. The dynamic link between surface water reservoirs and groundwater supply sources helps to gain insight into the potential consequences of continuously changing natural and anthropogenic conditions on Addis Ababa city water supply sources. Consequently, the significant predicted near future pressure on Addis Ababa city surface water and groundwater supply clearly indicate planning and developing alternative water supply sources outside of the boundary (Upper Awash basin) where the city is located should be immediately started in order to endure the pressure from the ever increasing demand. Otherwise, not only Addis will continue suffering unmet water demand for the years to come, but also the water supply sources will be severely impacted. Nonetheless, wherever the water supply sources, minimizing water loss, recycling and improving water use efficiency should be given at most priority.

The effects of contaminated sediments of the Blesbok Spruit near Witbank on water quality and the toxicity thereof to Daphnia pulex

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesl Hill ◽  
Sebastian Jooste
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Interstitial Water ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Major Route ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests ◽  
Route Of Exposure

With the increasing focus on environmental issues, the objective of this study is to evaluate the potential impact of contaminated sediments of the Blesbok Spruit near Witbank - which receives acid mine drainage (AMD) inter alia - on biota. Direct transfer of chemicals from sediments to organisms is considered to be a major route of exposure for many species, and therefore focusing attention on sediment contamination and highlighting the fact that sediments are an important resource. Acute toxicity tests were performed on Daphnia pulex using both extracted sediment interstitial water and surface water. Chemical analyses were also performed on the sediment, interstitial water and surface water samples. The toxicity results suggest that metal toxicity adds significantly to the toxicity of the stream water which is enhanced by the effect of pH. The pH of the stream and interstitial water was consistently below 4.5.

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