Scenarios for reduction of nutrient load from point sources in Estonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Pachel ◽  
Marija Klõga ◽  
Arvo Iital
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Set Up

This study aimed to develop scenarios for a further decrease of point source nutrient load in Estonia to achieve the nutrient reduction target levels set up by the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan produced in 2007. A possible reduction in the total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) load has been assessed based on the requirements set up by Estonian and EU legislation as well as the HELCOM recommendations. Scenarios were developed for four urban pollution load classes with different requirements for waste water quality at the outlet of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The results revealed that the load of TP and TN to the sea and to inland surface water bodies can be reduced by 68 and 352 tonnes, respectively, when following the most stringent HELCOM recommendation for the quality of sewerage outlets. These possibly reduced loads form only about 30% of required TP and 40% of TN annual reduction levels in Estonia which are 220 tons of phosphorus and 900 tons of nitrogen. Therefore, further decrease can mostly be made possible by lowering the diffuse load and that can also be problematic.

The Rotterdam Initiative in Reducing Waste Discharges at Source

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
T. Vellinga ◽  
J. P. J. Nijssen
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Detailed Balance ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
The North ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up

Much of the material dredged from the port of Rotterdam is contaminated to such a degree that it must be placed in specially constructed sites. The aim of Rotterdam is to ensure that the dredged material will once again be clean. This will entail the thorough cleansing of the sources of the contamination of the sediment in the harbours and in the River Rhine. The Rotterdam Rhine Research Project (RRP) is one of the means to achieve this based on: technical research, legal research, public relations and dialogues with dischargers. The programme for five selected heavy metals is almost complete. For many heavy metal discharge points between Rotterdam and Rheinfelden, a specially devised independent load assessment has been carried out four times. Balance studies were used to determine the relative contributions of the point discharges to the total. Currently the results are being used in an attempt to negotiate agreements with a selected number of the major dischargers. At present, more detailed balance studies are being set up and exploratory measurements carried out for organic micropollutants. It may be concluded that the research is progressing successfully and methods and techniques developed seem satisfactory and broadly applicable. The Rhine Action Programme encompasses an international effort to improve the quality of the Rhine water. Although the RRP plays a modest complementary role to the Rhine Action Plan, there is no doubt of the value of this Rotterdam initiative. The mode of work followed in the RRP contains elements that can be of use in combatting the contamination of the North Sea by rivers other than the Rhine.

Emission-immission based design of combined sewer overflows and treatment plant - the dresden case study

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
L. Fuchs ◽  
D. Gerighausen ◽  
S. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Sewer Overflows ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City

For the city of Dresden a general master plan was set up based on investigations of the hydraulic capacity of the sewer system, the loads from combined sewer overflow and the treatment plant. The total emission from combined sewer overflows and treatment plant was the main criteria for the analysis of the efficiency of different renovation alternatives. The effect of the different alternatives on the quality of the receiving waters was investigated with a water quality model and evaluated with different approaches.

scholarly journals Developing international inter hospital cooperation to reach the SDGs

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rossinot ◽  
G Brucker ◽  
F Veber
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Skills Transfer ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background The current epidemiological transition creates news issues to address (NCD as oncology, cardiovascular, diabetes, road accidents...) and causes an important increase of skills transfer needs in resource-poor/intermediate countries. Hospital cooperation is an efficient way to help the partner country/city adapt and increase their quality of care. Objectives The aims were multiple: set up transfer skills programs, but also understand both obstacles and success factors of such projects over the long term. AP-HP’s (Greater Paris University Hospitals) Department of International Relations, has developed 3 year-long projects (financed in majority by public funders) which link one or more hospitals of our group to a southern hospital, on a precise topic. Our multidisciplinary teams then support the local professionals either by training them or assessing their current situation and proposing an action plan. Results Over those last 4 years, we built more than 50 cooperations, most of them being successful and still active today. 20 of our hospitals have been involved in at least one project. In 2018, we were working with more than 30 different countries. We noticed a growing interest both from our teams and new partners, over the years. In 2018, around 150 healthcare professionals from AP-HP took part in at least one mission abroad and more than 3 000 foreign professionals have been trained in various ways (from conferences to technical surgical skill transfer), including about 50 trained on site in Paris. These trainings are intended not only to physicians but also for midwives, nurses and managers. Conclusions Those projects have a good efficiency in a short term. Therefore, the risk of unsustainability is quite important. For the programs to be effective in the long run, there needs to be a collective involvement both from institutions and healthcare teams in the project on both sides. Key messages European hospitals should develop a strong international cooperation policy. AP-HP intends to intensify its work, being an efficient way of contributing to reach both SDG 3 and 9.

scholarly journals VARIASI JUMLAH ELEKTRODA DAN BESAR TEGANGAN DALAM MENURUNKAN KANDUNGAN COD DAN TSS LIMBAH CAIR TEKSTIL DENGAN METODE ELEKTROKOAGULASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Achmad Chusnun Ni’am ◽  
Jenny Caroline ◽  
M . Haris Afandi
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Household Wastewater ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant

The quality of environment especially the water bodies need to be improved on the pollution load of the household wastewater, which in general still does not have a liquid waste treatment plant. Electrocoagulation used in this research because of the simple and efficient method. The aim of study to know the ability of electrocoagulation method for reducing the concentration of COD and TSS in the wastewater from household textile industry.  The sample was taken from the residual wastewater of textile dye (sarung) with a liquid waste requirement of 36 liters. The data for the analysis is the initial and final parameters data were COD and TSS. The electrodes were used aluminum (Al) as an anode and iron (Fe) as a cathode. The research variations were used the number of electrodes and the voltage. The results showed that the treatment of 4 electrodes with 12volt voltage could reduce the COD concentration up to 76% and TSS up to 85% in household wastewater of household textile industry. Keywords: COD, electrocoagulation, liquid waste, TSS

A practical application of integrated urban pollution modelling in Flanders (Belgium): the catchment of Tielt

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Van Assel ◽  
R. Carrette
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

In view of a European Innovation Project (DG XIII) on the application of the Urban Pollution Management (UPM) procedure, a European consortium was set up to carry out pilot studies in Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy and Portugal. On the Belgian pilot catchment of Tielt the impact from sewer system and sewage treatment plant (STP) on the receiving water courses was studied for both the existing situation and for a number of possible improvement schemes, using the Intermittent Standards, described in the UPM procedure. The integrated modelling revealed some interesting conclusions on the relative impact of the schemes considered.

Resistance Monitor and Control for Vacuum Evaporation of Metals and Carbon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe ◽  
J. Michael Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Evaporation Source ◽  
And Control ◽  
At Will

We have designed and built an electronic device which compares the resistance of a defined area of vacuum evaporated material with a variable resistor. When the two resistances are matched, the device automatically disconnects the primary side of the substrate transformer and stops further evaporation.This approach to controlled evaporation in conjunction with the modified guns and evaporation source permits reliably reproducible multiple Pt shadow films from a single Pt wrapped carbon point source. The reproducibility from consecutive C point sources is also reliable. Furthermore, the device we have developed permits us to select a predetermined resistance so that low contrast high-resolution shadows, heavy high contrast shadows, or any grade in between can be selected at will. The reproducibility and quality of results are demonstrated in Figures 1-4 which represent evaporations at various settings of the variable resistor.

Spatial and Temporal variation analysis of water quality of Hemavathi River, Karnataka, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Santhosh K. M ◽  
S. Prashanth
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Pollution Loading ◽  
Origin Point

Urban development, agricultural runoff and industrialization have contributed pollution loading on the environment.  In this study Hemavathi river water from a stretch from its origin point to its sangama was studied for pollution load by determining parameters of water quality like pH, Alkalinity,  Ca, Mg, Nitrate, TDS, BOD, COD , and the results were compared with WHO and BIS standards to draw final conclusion on the quality of water.

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operation

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Microbial Indices

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operationThis paper reports the results of studies of microbiological changes in the water quality of the Vistula and Brda rivers after the opening of sewage treatment plants in Bydgoszcz. The study involved determining the microbiological parameters of water quality. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the quality of the water in both rivers had improved decidedly after the opening of the plants, although an increased number of individual groups of microorganisms was found at the treated sewage outlet from one of the plants.

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