Dissolved organic carbon and trihalomethane formation potential removal during coagulation of a typical UK upland water with alum, PAX-18 and PIX-322

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 650-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Gough ◽  
Peter J. Holliman ◽  
Terence R. Heard ◽  
Christopher Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential

Evaluation of odour removal by pilot-scale biological treatment process trains during spring runoff in an ice-covered river

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Hrudey ◽  
P. M. Huck ◽  
M. J. Mitton ◽  
S. L. Kenefick
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
The North ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
Odour Removal ◽  
By Products

Biological water treatment has been shown to effectively remove biodegradable organic matter, chlorinated by-products and ozonation by-products from drinking water during a large pilot-scale study for the American Water Works Association Research Foundation using the North Saskatchewan River, at Edmonton. In addition to studying total organic carbon, assimilable organic carbon, chlorine demand, haloacetic acid formation potential, trihalomethane formation potential, adsorbable organic halide formation potential, chloral hydrate and aldehydes, this study used a flavour profile panel to follow the removal of odour through different process trains involving biological treatment during the annual spring runoff which has historically caused odour incidents in the water supply. Over the 5-week period of the study, the raw water was found to develop from a very mild grassy odour to a strong odour, variously characterized as septic, manure, musty, earthy and hay-like. The odour persisted and changed character to varying degrees through the various process trains under study. The results verified the futility of relying on a strictly oxidative treatment like ozone for odour removal as well as showing that biological treatment using granular activated carbon could produce an essentially odour-free effluent during a transient raw-water odour event.

Removal of natural organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vasyukova ◽  
René Proft ◽  
Johanna Jousten ◽  
Irene Slavik ◽  
Wolfgang Uhl
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential

A multidisciplinary approach was applied in this work to characterise natural organic matter and evaluate the performance of a full-scale waterworks treating organic-rich surface water. It was shown that the combination of the treatment processes considered efficiently removed the dissolved organic matter, including its specific fractions. Most of the dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC and DON), biodegradable DOC and DON, as well as assimilable organic carbon were removed by coagulation/sedimentation. However, the coagulation process was not likely to be optimised for the removal of all molecular weight compounds. The breakdown of high molecular weight compounds into others of low molecular weight, as well as the production of biodegradable organic matter during ozonation, proved to enhance their removal efficiency by subsequent biological activated carbon filtration. The specific trihalomethane formation potential decreased during treatment, indicating a decrease in reactivity of DOC with chlorine across the treatment train. Fractionation experiments demonstrated that high and medium molecular weight organics were likely to be the main precursors for the formation of trihalomethanes. However, other disinfection by-products (such as haloacetic acids) should also be controlled, as the chlorine demand pattern did not necessarily follow that of trihalomethane formation.

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