scholarly journals Effect of some Stimulants on Productivity of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under High Temperature Stress Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 891-901
Author(s):  
S. T. M. EL-Afifi ◽  
S. M. Farid ◽  
Refka S. A. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

scholarly journals Identification of stress indices for screening of rice cultivars under high temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
N. Veronica ◽  
T. Sujatha ◽  
P.V. Ramana Rao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Calculated Stress ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

Rice is an important cereal crop and its productivity is being affected by many abiotic and biotic stresses. High temperature affects the rice yield and productivity. Thirty rice genotypes were evaluated in normal and under high temperature stress conditions. There was reduction in grain yield in all the tested genotypes. Based on yield recorded under normal and high temperature conditions, yield based indices were calculated. Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Geometric Mean Production (GMP), Mean Production (MP), Yield Index (YI), Modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were significantly and positively correlated to yield under both stress and non-stress conditions and could be considered as good selection indices for screening for heat tolerance. Genotypes were ranked based on their tolerant or susceptibility indices and it was noted that among all IET 28412, IET 28397 and IET 28432 exhibited highest mean rank and a lower standard deviation of rank, hence they can be identified as heat tolerant genotypes. Genotypes IET 26468, IET 28393 and Gontrabidhan-3 were identified as highly susceptible to high temperature stress.

scholarly journals Unraveling Heat Tolerance in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Using Univariate and Multivariate Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mubashar Zafar ◽  
Xue Jia ◽  
Amir Shakeel ◽  
Zareen Sarfraz ◽  
Abdul Manan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
White Gold

The ever-changing global environment currently includes an increasing ambient temperature that can be a devastating stress for organisms. Plants, being sessile, are adversely affected by heat stress in their physiology, development, growth, and ultimately yield. Since little is known about the response of biochemical traits to high-temperature ambiance, we evaluated eight parental lines (five lines and three testers) and their 15 F1 hybrids under normal and high-temperature stress to assess the impact of these conditions over 2 consecutive years. The research was performed under a triplicate randomized complete block design including a split-plot arrangement. Data were recorded for agronomic, biochemical, and fiber quality traits. Mean values of agronomic traits were significantly reduced under heat stress conditions, while hydrogen peroxide, peroxidase, total soluble protein, superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), carotenoids, and fiber strength displayed higher mean values under heat stress conditions. Under both conditions, high genetic advance and high heritability were observed for seed cotton yield (SCY), CAT, micronaire value, plant height, and chlorophyll-a and b content, indicating that an additive type of gene action controls these traits under both the conditions. For more insights into variation, Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. Significant positive associations were observed among agronomic, biochemical, and fiber quality-related traits. The multivariate analyses involving hierarchical clustering and PCA classified the 23 experimental genotypes into four groups under normal and high-temperature stress conditions. Under both conditions, the F1 hybrid genotype FB-SHAHEEN × JSQ WHITE GOLD followed by Ghuari-1, CCRI-24, Eagle-2 × FB-Falcon, Ghuari-1 × JSQ White Gold, and Eagle-2 exhibited better performance in response to high-temperature stress regarding the agronomic and fiber quality-related traits. The mentioned genotypes could be utilized in future cotton breeding programs to enhance heat tolerance and improve cotton yield and productivity through resistance to environmental stressors.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Interspecific Mesoamerican Common Bean Lines to Acid Soils and High Temperature in the Amazon Region of Colombia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2412
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Suárez ◽  
Milan O. Urban ◽  
Amara Tatiana Contreras ◽  
Miguel Ángel Grajales ◽  
Cesar Cajiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Photosynthate Partitioning

Knowledge of the physiological basis for improved genetic adaptation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines to acid soils and high temperature conditions in the Amazon region of Colombia is limited. In this study, we evaluated the differences among 41 common bean lines in energy use, leaf cooling, photosynthate partitioning to pod formation and grain filling, and grain yield over two seasons under acid soil and high temperature stress in the Amazon region of Colombia. Common bean lines evaluated included medium and large seeded interspecific lines of Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools with different levels of adaptation to abiotic stress conditions and some lines are improved for iron and zinc (biofortified) concentration in seeds. We found three bean lines (GGR 147, SMG 21 and SMG 12) that were superior in their photosynthetic response, leaf cooling, photosynthate partitioning ability to pod formation and grain filling, resulting in grain yields exceeding 1900 kg ha−1 under acid soil and high temperature stress conditions. The superior photosynthetic performance was attributed to the efficient use of absorbed energy on the electron level in thylakoids, which is mainly oriented to a higher quantum yield of PSII (ΦII), lower energy dissipation in the form of heat (ΦNPQ), high linear electron flow (LEF) and high fraction of PSI centers in open state (PSIopen). We speculate that these photosynthetic and photosynthate partitioning responses of superior bean lines are part of the genetic adaptation to acidic soils and high temperature stress conditions. Among the evaluated bean lines, three lines (GGR 147, SMG 21 and SMG 12) combined the desirable attributes for genetic improvement of stress tolerance and biofortification. These lines can serve as parents to further improve traits (energy use efficiency and multiple stress resistance) that are important for bean production in the Amazon region.

scholarly journals Autophagy-Related 2 Regulates Chlorophyll Degradation under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4515
Author(s):  
Zhuanzhuan Jiang ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Qiuyu Wang ◽  
Xin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Chlorophyll Degradation

Chloroplasts are extraordinary organelles for photosynthesis and nutrient storage in plants. During leaf senescence or under stress conditions, damaged chloroplasts are degraded and provide nutrients for developing organs. Autophagy is a high-throughput degradation pathway for intracellular material turnover in eukaryotes. Along with chloroplast degradation, chlorophyll, an important component of the photosynthetic machine, is also degraded. However, the chlorophyll degradation pathways under high light intensity and high temperature stress are not well known. Here, we identified and characterized a novel Arabidopsis mutant, sl2 (seedling lethal 2), showing defective chloroplast development and accelerated chlorophyll degradation. Map-based cloning combined with high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that a 118.6 kb deletion region was associated with the phenotype of the mutant. Complementary experiments confirmed that the loss of function of ATG2 was responsible for accelerating chlorophyll degradation in sl2 mutants. Furthermore, we analyzed chlorophyll degradation under abiotic stress conditions and found that both chloroplast vesiculation and autophagy take part in chlorophyll degradation under high light intensity and high temperature stress. These results enhanced our understanding of chlorophyll degradation under high light intensity and high temperature stress.

scholarly journals Effects of High-Temperature Stress during Plant Cultivation on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Nutrient Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hayriye Yildiz Dasgan ◽  
Sultan Dere ◽  
Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽  
Bekir Bülent Arpaci
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Agriculture is among the sectors that will be impacted first and most by the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, developing new high-temperature tolerant varieties is an essential economic measure in adaptation to near-future climate change. Likewise, there is a growing interest in increasing the antioxidant content of crops to improve food quality and produce crops with high-stress tolerance. Tomato is the most grown and consumed species in horticultural plants; however, it is vulnerable to 35°C and above high temperatures during cultivation. This study used twenty high-temperature tolerant, two susceptible genotypes, and two commercial tomato varieties in the open field. The experiment was applied under control and high-temperature stress conditions based on a randomized block design with 4 replications and 12 plants per repetition. The study investigated the fruit’s selected quality properties and antioxidant compounds, namely, total soluble solutes (Brix), titratable acidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lycopene, β-carotene, and vitamin C, along with total phenols and total flavonoids under control and stress conditions. As a result, in general, total soluble solutes, titratable acidity, total phenol, and vitamin C contents under high-temperature conditions were determined to increase in tolerant tomato genotypes, while decreases were noted for pH, EC, total flavonoids, lycopene, and β-carotene. However, different specific responses on the basis of genotypes and useful information for breeding studies have been identified. These data on fruit nutrient content and antioxidants will be helpful when breeding tomato varieties to be grown in high-temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Two-week High-temperature Treatment on Flower Quality and Abscission of Rosa L. ‘Belinda’s Dream’ and ‘RADrazz’ (KnockOut®) under Controlled Growing Environments

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ockert Greyvenstein ◽  
Brent Pemberton ◽  
Terri Starman ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
David Byrne
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Stage Of Development

The decline in sales of garden roses can, in part, be attributed to the lack of well-adapted cultivars. Successful selection for any trait requires an accurate phenotyping protocol. Apart from field screening, a protocol for phenotyping high-temperature tolerance in garden roses is yet to be established. An experiment was conducted to determine the stage of development when flowers were most sensitive to high-temperature stress. Liners of Rosa L. ‘Belinda’s Dream (BD) and the Knock Out® rose ‘RADrazz’ (KO) were planted in a soilless medium and grown in a greenhouse. Established plants were pruned retaining several nodes with leaves on two main shoots and treatments started. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers held at either 24/17 °C (control) or 36/28 °C (stress) day/night temperatures. Six time and duration temperature treatments included 8 weeks of continuous control conditions, 8 weeks of continuous stress conditions, and four sequential 2-week high-temperature shock treatments. Continuously stressed plants flowered in the least amount of days but did not differ from the continuous control-treated plants based on nonlinear thermal unit accumulation until flowering. Both cultivars had a 70% reduction in flower dry weight under continuous stress conditions. Flowers were most sensitive to high-temperature stress at the visible bud stage, which corresponds to Weeks 5 to 6 and Weeks 7 to 8 for BD and Weeks 3 to 4 and Weeks 5 to 6 for KO, respectively. KO was more resistant to flower abscission than BD when treated at the visible bud stage, but no difference in flower dry weight reduction between BD and KO was found. The number of vegetative nodes to the flower was unaffected by treatment and differed between the cultivars.

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