scholarly journals Effects of High-Temperature Stress during Plant Cultivation on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Nutrient Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hayriye Yildiz Dasgan ◽  
Sultan Dere ◽  
Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽  
Bekir Bülent Arpaci
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Agriculture is among the sectors that will be impacted first and most by the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, developing new high-temperature tolerant varieties is an essential economic measure in adaptation to near-future climate change. Likewise, there is a growing interest in increasing the antioxidant content of crops to improve food quality and produce crops with high-stress tolerance. Tomato is the most grown and consumed species in horticultural plants; however, it is vulnerable to 35°C and above high temperatures during cultivation. This study used twenty high-temperature tolerant, two susceptible genotypes, and two commercial tomato varieties in the open field. The experiment was applied under control and high-temperature stress conditions based on a randomized block design with 4 replications and 12 plants per repetition. The study investigated the fruit’s selected quality properties and antioxidant compounds, namely, total soluble solutes (Brix), titratable acidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lycopene, β-carotene, and vitamin C, along with total phenols and total flavonoids under control and stress conditions. As a result, in general, total soluble solutes, titratable acidity, total phenol, and vitamin C contents under high-temperature conditions were determined to increase in tolerant tomato genotypes, while decreases were noted for pH, EC, total flavonoids, lycopene, and β-carotene. However, different specific responses on the basis of genotypes and useful information for breeding studies have been identified. These data on fruit nutrient content and antioxidants will be helpful when breeding tomato varieties to be grown in high-temperature conditions.

Climate Change, High-Temperature Stress, Rice Productivity, and Water Use in Eastern China: A New Superensemble-Based Probabilistic Projection

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulu Tao ◽  
Zhao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Probabilistic Projection

AbstractThe impact of climate change on rice productivity in China remains highly uncertain because of uncertainties from climate change scenarios, parameterizations of biophysical processes, and extreme temperature stress in crop models. Here, the Model to Capture the Crop–Weather Relationship over a Large Area (MCWLA)-Rice crop model was developed by parameterizing the process-based general crop model MCWLA for rice crop. Bayesian probability inversion and a Markov chain Monte Carlo technique were then applied to MCWLA-Rice to analyze uncertainties in parameter estimations and to optimize parameters. Ensemble hindcasts showed that MCWLA-Rice could capture the interannual variability of the detrended historical yield series fairly well, especially over a large area. A superensemble-based probabilistic projection system (SuperEPPS) coupled to MCWLA-Rice was developed and applied to project the probabilistic changes of rice productivity and water use in eastern China under scenarios of future climate change. Results showed that across most cells in the study region, relative to 1961–90 levels, the rice yield would change on average by 7.5%–17.5% (from −10.4% to 3.0%), 0.0%–25.0% (from −26.7% to 2.1%), and from −10.0% to 25.0% (from −39.2% to −6.4%) during the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s, respectively, in response to climate change, with (without) consideration of CO2 fertilization effects. The rice photosynthesis rate, biomass, and yield would increase as a result of increases in mean temperature, solar radiation, and CO2 concentration, although the rice development rate could accelerate particularly after the heading stage. Meanwhile, the risk of high-temperature stress on rice productivity would also increase notably with climate change. The effects of extreme temperature stress on rice productivity were explicitly parameterized and addressed in the study.

Effect of NH4+-N and NO3--N Ratio on the Growth and Quality of Bunching Onion under High Temperature Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Guang Wen Sun ◽  
Cai Yong Jiang ◽  
Hou Cheng Liu ◽  
Shi Wei Song ◽  
Ri Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Bunching Onion

The effects of different NH4+-N to NO3--N ratio (NH4+ /NO3-) (0, 1/8, 1/4 and 1/2) on growth and quality of bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L. var. caespitosum Makino) under high temperature stress (34°C/26°C, day/night) were studied in growth chamber by hydroponics. The results showed that the growth and quality of bunching onion were affected by NH4+ /NO3-. Plant weight and height, leaf number per plant were the highest in the treatment which NH4+ /NO3- was 1/8, and those in treatment without NH4+-N were higher than in other 2 treatments. With the NH4+ /NO3- increasing, nitrate concentration in bunching onion decreased. The concentration of vitamin C was the highest in the treatment which NH4+ /NO3- was 1/8, while concentration of soluble sugar, soluble protein and allicin were the highest in the treatment which NH4+ /NO3-was 1/2. Thus the growth and quality of bunching onion were better in the NH4+ /NO3- range of 1/8 to 1/4.

scholarly journals Identification of stress indices for screening of rice cultivars under high temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
N. Veronica ◽  
T. Sujatha ◽  
P.V. Ramana Rao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Calculated Stress ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

Rice is an important cereal crop and its productivity is being affected by many abiotic and biotic stresses. High temperature affects the rice yield and productivity. Thirty rice genotypes were evaluated in normal and under high temperature stress conditions. There was reduction in grain yield in all the tested genotypes. Based on yield recorded under normal and high temperature conditions, yield based indices were calculated. Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Geometric Mean Production (GMP), Mean Production (MP), Yield Index (YI), Modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were significantly and positively correlated to yield under both stress and non-stress conditions and could be considered as good selection indices for screening for heat tolerance. Genotypes were ranked based on their tolerant or susceptibility indices and it was noted that among all IET 28412, IET 28397 and IET 28432 exhibited highest mean rank and a lower standard deviation of rank, hence they can be identified as heat tolerant genotypes. Genotypes IET 26468, IET 28393 and Gontrabidhan-3 were identified as highly susceptible to high temperature stress.

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