scholarly journals GENETICAL VARIATION OF CALLUS PERFORMANCES OF MAIZE GENOTYPES PRODUCED FROM TISSUE CULTURE UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SALINITY.

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Rehab M.M. Habiba ◽  
kawthar S. Kash ◽  
Rabab M. I. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Genetical Variation ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES

1950 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Hull ◽  
J. C. Perrone ◽  
Paul L. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Chick Heart ◽  
Embryonic Chick Heart ◽  
Different Levels

The use of acetyl-3-pyridine and pyridine-3-sulfonic acid as analogues for nicotinic acid has been tested with tissue cultures of embryonic chick heart. Both roller tube and Carrel flask cultures were employed. Cell migration, appearance of the cells, and the uptake of tracer P32 were used as criteria for the action of the analogues. Migration of the cells could be inhibited by both compounds, but at different levels. Both produced abnormal types of cells, but not the same type of abnormality. Uptake of P32 was inhibited by both compounds. Addition of nicotinic acid failed to reverse the effects of the analogues at the concentrations used.

scholarly journals (238) Ethylene Screening using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in Both Nonmutagenized and Mutagenized Snapdragon Lines

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021B-1021
Author(s):  
Leslie Heffron ◽  
Alan Blowers ◽  
Michael Uchneat ◽  
Schuyler Korban
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Ethylene Sensitivity ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Different Levels

A tissue culture screen for ethylene tolerance using 1-aminocyclo-propane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was optimized for a snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) inbred line, OAK564. Two experiments were conducted using various concentrations of ACC (ranging from 0 to 100 μM). Presence of 5 μM ACC in the tissue culture medium elucidated biological activity in snapdragon seeds. This screen was used to determine relative sensitivity to ethylene in 48 hybrid lines. Different levels of sensitivity to ethylene were observed among the various hybrid lines. Moreover, 40,000 mutagenized seeds from three M2 populations, derived from different levels of EMS (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) treatments, were screened for ethylene sensitivity. A total of 231 putative mutants were recovered spanning eight distinct phenotypes based on the `triple response' assay. Of these putative mutants, 16 mutants were selected for further analysis, including at least one and up to three lines from each of the eight phenotypic classes. Plants were established in the greenhouse, and allowed to grow to maturity to collect selfed seeds. These seeds were once again screened with 5 μM ACC to determine the level of ethylene sensitivity present within each of the eight phenotypic classes. Responses in the M3 populations varied from complete ethylene tolerance to ethylene sensitivity. Implications of these results on the recovery of ethylene tolerant mutants will be discussed.

Correlation between maize genotypes and the stalk rot caused by maize Fusarium

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Szőke ◽  
T. Árendás ◽  
F. Rácz ◽  
J. Pintér ◽  
E. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Female Component ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Six single-cross hybrids and their parental lines were inoculated with the FG36 Fusarium graminearum isolate in 2005 and 2006. In both years the degree of infection increased after artificial inoculation for both the hybrids and the inbred lines compared with the level of natural infection. The more severe stalk infection recorded in 2005 than in 2006 could be attributed to the weather conditions during flowering and harvesting.The 18 genotypes examined exhibited different levels of resistance to fusarium stalk rot. It could be concluded from the results that the resistance level of the female parent was decisive in the inheritance of the response to fusarium stalk rot (female component-hybrid r = 0.88, male component-hybrid r = 0.39).Some genotypes may be severely affected in epidemic years, while exhibiting a lower rate of infection in years with lower pathogen pressure. This suggests that successful breeding for resistance can only be carried out efficiently by means of artificial inoculation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Genotype-dependency of the Leafbased Regeneration and Transformation System in Maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeideh Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ahmadabadi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

Tissue culture and genetic transformation in maize are very laborious. The existing regeneration methods, which mainly use immature embryos as starting material, are highly genotype-dependent. Leaf segments can be used as an alternative explant source to produce embryogenic calli. Although a reliable leafbased regeneration and transformation system has been recently reported for maize, however, the genotype-dependency of this method has not been described yet. To this end, we evaluated the production of embryogenic calli from young leaves of several maize genotypes. The results showed that, overall callus induction potential as well as embryogenic callus induction rate is significantly different among the tested genotypes, demonstrating the genotypedependency of this system. However, induced embryogenic calli from different genotypes remained their embryogenic capability during several callus multiplication rounds. In addition, embryogenic calli showed high potential for biolistic-based genetic transformation, as revealed by transient GUS expression. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(2): 261-268, 2018 (December)

Jasmonic Acid and Environments Increase Steroidal Glycoalkaloid Biosynthesis in Solanum chacoense

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 456b-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenbang Chen ◽  
N. Jean Flickinger ◽  
A. Raymond Miller
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Solanum Chacoense ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Steroidal Glycoalkaloid ◽  
Different Levels

Steroidal glycoalkaloids in Solanum chacoense have been found to deter feeding by herbivores, especially to Colorado potato beetle. The steroidal glycoalkaloids of S. chacoense include solanine (chaconine), leptinines, and leptines, which yield solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylleptinidine, respectively, upon acid hydrolysis. To understand the regulation of their biosynthesis, tissue culture plants were grown on MS media containing jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, or arachidonic acid at different levels. After 1 month in culture, 100 μM jasmonic acid stimulated solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylleptinidine accumulation 3- to 10-fold compared to control. Methyl jasmonate at 100 μM also induced solanidine accumulation, but not leptinidine and acetylleptinidine. Arachidonic acid had no effect on solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylletptinidine levels. Furthermore, leptinidine and acetylleptinidine levels increased 5-fold and 100-fold, respectively, after plants were transferred from culture in vitro to soil; meanwhile, solanidine level decreased slightly. Solanidine, leptinidine and acetylleptinidine from plants in vitro showed no changes during the same period. Our results indicated that jasmonic acid and environmental factors play important roles in the biosynthesis of steroidal glycoalkaloids in S. chacoense.

scholarly journals Lentil Regeneration from Cotyledon Explant Bearing a Small Part of the Embryo Axis

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zaker Tavallaie ◽  
B. Ghareyazie ◽  
A. Bagheri ◽  
K.K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Embryo Axis ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Multiple Shoot Induction ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Cotyledon Explant

The effect of external BAP on explants including leaflets, stems, cotyledons with and without embryo axis of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) were tested on the frequency of shoot induction. The effect of different levels and combinations of various cytokinins on multiple shoot induction and elongation of shoots were compared. The effect of explant age and pH of media were also tested on shoot induction from various explants. Finally, the effect of IBA, IAA, and NAA on root induction of elongated shoots were examined. Optimum conditions for root emergence and growth and the hardening of seedlings were determined. Cotyledon with small part of the embryo axis was the superior explant. Shoot induction from the explants was enhanced by inclusion of BAP in the seed germination medium. The highest shoot induction (up to 96%) was obtained on MS with 7.5 µM 2-ip, 4 µM kn, and 2 µM TDZ. Over 80% of the elongated shoots produced roots in solid 1/4 BS media with 50 µM NAA for 3 days followed by 10 days in a mixture of liquid 1/4 BS, vermiculite and sand. Root development and hardening of the seedlings was achieved by using a hydroponics system containing Arnon’s solution. Tissue culture derived plants were transplanted to the greenhouse where the seeds were harvested after about 4 months.   Key words: regeneration, Cotyledon, Embryo axis, Lentil, Lens culinaris   D. O. I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i2.10240   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(2): 169-180, 2011 (December)

Dependence of Intergranular Fracture on Boundary Topography and Cohesion

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
J. E. Doherty ◽  
A. F. Giamei ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
C. W. Steinke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Boundary Shear ◽  
Room Temperature Ductility ◽  
Solid Solution Matrix ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Solution Matrix ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Base Superalloy

Recently we have been investigating a class of nickel-base superalloys which possess substantial room temperature ductility. This improvement in ductility is directly related to improvements in grain boundary strength due to increased boundary cohesion through control of detrimental impurities and improved boundary shear strength by controlled grain boundary micros true tures.For these investigations an experimental nickel-base superalloy was doped with different levels of sulphur impurity. The micros tructure after a heat treatment of 1360°C for 2 hr, 1200°C for 16 hr consists of coherent precipitates of γ’ Ni3(Al,X) in a nickel solid solution matrix.

Immunoenzymatic demonstration of the simultaneous presence of transferrin, hemopexin and albumin in a same hepatocyte and their ultrastructural localization

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
M. Kraemer ◽  
J. Foucrier ◽  
J. Vassy ◽  
M.T. Chalumeau
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Monospecific Antisera ◽  
Different Levels

Some authors using immunofluorescent techniques had already suggested that some hepatocytes are able to synthetize several plasma proteins. In vitro studies on normal cells or on cells issued of murine hepatomas raise the same conclusion. These works could be indications of an hepatocyte functionnal non-specialization, meanwhile the authors never give direct topographic proofs suitable with this hypothesis.The use of immunoenzymatic techniques after obtention of monospecific antisera had seemed to us useful to bring forward a better knowledge of this problem. We have studied three carrier proteins (transferrin = Tf, hemopexin = Hx, albumin = Alb) operating at different levels in iron metabolism by demonstrating and localizing the adult rat hepatocytes involved in their synthesis.Immunological, histological and ultrastructural methods have been described in a previous work.

Tissue section lifting for electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Adrian F. van Dellen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The morphologic pathologist may require information on the ultrastructure of a non-specific lesion seen under the light microscope before he can make a specific determination. Such lesions, when caused by infectious disease agents, may be sparsely distributed in any organ system. Tissue culture systems, too, may only have widely dispersed foci suitable for ultrastructural study. In these situations, when only a few, small foci in large tissue areas are useful for electron microscopy, it is advantageous to employ a methodology which rapidly selects a single tissue focus that is expected to yield beneficial ultrastructural data from amongst the surrounding tissue. This is in essence what "LIFTING" accomplishes. We have developed LIFTING to a high degree of accuracy and repeatability utilizing the Microlift (Fig 1), and have successfully applied it to tissue culture monolayers, histologic paraffin sections, and tissue blocks with large surface areas that had been initially fixed for either light or electron microscopy.

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