scholarly journals Hybrid OFDM RoF-Based WDM-PON/MMW Backhaul Architecture For Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trang Thi Thu Ngo ◽  
Thu Anh Pham ◽  
Nhan Duc Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc The Dang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Noise Amplifier ◽  
Wdm Pon

In this paper, a hybrid backhaul architecture, which is based on wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical networks (WDM-PON) and millimeter-wave (MMW) communications, is proposed to deliver orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals in heterogeneous wireless networks. MMW radio-over-fiber (RoF) technique, which combines the advantages of the both optical fiber and wireless communications, is used to simplify the base stations and provide flexibility long reach and high capacity connections. The feasibility of the proposed hybrid backhaul architecture is investigated via the bit-error rate (BER) performance of a downlink under the impacts of fiber nonlinear, wireless fading and noise components including clipping noise, amplifier noise and photodetector noise. The numerical results obtained from this study help to determine the optimum system parameters such as the optical launched power, modulation index, and amplifier gain so as to minimize the link’s BER.

scholarly journals An Effective Evaluation of Wavelength Scheduling for Various WDM-PON Network Designs with Traffic Protection Provision

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Rastislav Róka
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Hybrid Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
Matlab Programming ◽  
Wdm Pon

Recently, metropolitan and access communication networks have markedly developed by utilizing a variety of technologies. Their bearer communication infrastructures will be mostly exploiting the optical transmission medium where wavelength division multiplexing techniques will play an important role. This contribution discusses the symmetric sharing of common optical network resources in wavelength and time domains. Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks (WDM-PON) attract considerable attention regarding the next generation of optical metropolitan and access networks. The main purpose of this contribution is presented by the analysis of possible scheduling of wavelengths for our novel hybrid network topologies considered for WDM-PON networks. This contribution briefly deploys adequate Dynamic Wavelength Allocation (DWA) algorithms for selected WDM-PON network designs with the provision of traffic protection when only passive optical components in remote nodes are utilized. The main part of this study is focused on the use of wavelength scheduling methods for selected WDM-PON network designs. For evaluation of offline and online wavelength scheduling for novel hybrid network topologies, a simulation model realized in the Matlab programming environment allows to analyze interactions between various metropolitan and access parts in the Optical Distribution Network (ODN) related to advanced WDM-PON network designs. Finally, wavelength scheduling methods are compared from a viewpoint of utilization in advanced WDM-PON networks designs.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Different Electrical Filters in 10G Hybrid Passive Optical Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 6652
Author(s):  
N. Subhashini ◽  
A. Brintha Therese
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Optic Fibers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Wdm Pon

With growing number of applications and network traffic, optic fibers are extensively used in the access part of the network. Passive Optical Networks (PON) in particular, Ethernet PON (EPON) networks based on Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) are more prominently used in many parts of the world. Though Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) PON has its own advantages, considering the cost and utilisation of such networks in the access part makes it less useful. On the other hand, Hybrid PON network combines the advantages of both EPON and WDM PON Networks. The objective of this paper is to identify suitable electrical filters for a 16-channel Hybrid Passive Optical Network with a transmission rate of 10Gbps per channel, by analysing their performance in terms of Q factor and Bit Error Rate. Different filters like the Bessel filter, Gaussian filter, Raised Cosine Filter, Rectangular filter, Butterworth filter, Chebyshev Filter are compared and their performances are evaluated. DB Modulation format that provides a longer reach is used at the transmitter to evaluate the different scenarios and the simulation is carried out using Optisystem.

Investigations of wavelength division multiplexing-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (WDM-OFDM) system with 50 Gb/s optical access

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagandeep Kumar ◽  
Kulwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Frequency Division ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Ofdm Signal ◽  
Power Mapping ◽  
Ofdm Signals

Abstract In the present work, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is combined with wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical networks (WDMPONs) to obtain the combined benefits of both technologies for overall system improvement. performance of five OFDM signals using WDM is analyzed. An optical system is designed using the OFDM signal, and its performance is analyzed using various matrices like bit error rate (BER) and Q-factor under the effect of varying laser power. Mapping of OFDM signals is done using 16-QAM modulation. The system shows an enhancement in the performance by increasing the laser power but up to some limit, and efficient results are obtained in the 70–130 mW laser power range.

Optical Networks Performance Optimization Based on Hybrid Configurations of Optical Fiber Amplifiers and Optical Receivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Amiri ◽  
Fatma Mohammed Aref Mahmoud Houssien ◽  
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed ◽  
Abd El-Naser A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Optical Fiber Amplifiers

AbstractThe 16-channels dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems have been optimized by utilizing hybrid configurations of conventional optical fiber amplifiers (EDFA, RAMAN and SOA) and optical photodetectors (PIN, APD(Si) and APD(InGaAs)). The DWDM systems were implemented for 5 Gb/s channel speed using one of these configurations with 100 GHz channel spacing and 25 km amplifying section. The hybrid configurations are the combinations of (PIN + EDFA), (PIN + RAMAN), (PIN + SOA), (APD(Si) + EDFA), (APD(Si) + RAMAN), (APD(Si) + SOA), (APD(InGaAs) + EDFA), (APD(InGaAs) + RAMAN) and (APD(InGaAs) + SOA). Based on BER, Q-factor and eye diagrams, the performance was compared for these configurations under influences of various thermal noise levels of photodetectors over different fiber lengths ranging from 25 km up to 150 km. The results revealed that both APD structures give optimum performance at input power Pin = 5 dBm due to high internal avalanche gain. EDFA outperforms RAMAN and SOA amplifiers. SOA amplifier shows degraded performance because of nonlinearity effects induced. RAMAN amplifier seems to be the best alternative for long reach DWDM systems because it minimizes the effects of fiber nonlinearities. The configuration (APD(Si) + EDFA) is the most efficient and recommended to be used for transmission distance beyond 100 km due to its larger Q-factor.

scholarly journals Cylindrical vector beam multiplexer/demultiplexer using off-axis polarization control

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqing Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Xie ◽  
Huapeng Ye ◽  
Xinrou Wang ◽  
Zhenghao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Polarization Control ◽  
Vector Beam ◽  
Vector Mode ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Polarization Division Multiplexing ◽  
Cylindrical Vector Beam

AbstractThe emergence of cylindrical vector beam (CVB) multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication. Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs, the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies. Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface. We show that the left- and right-handed circularly polarized (LHCP/RHCP) components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface, and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode. We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband (from 1310 to 1625 nm) and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing. As a proof of concept, we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication, combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10−6 at the receive power of −21.6 dBm. This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication.

scholarly journals Application of cell-free massive MIMO in 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks: a survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Ikoghene Obakhena ◽  
Agbotiname Lucky Imoize ◽  
Francis Ifeanyi Anyasi ◽  
K. V. N. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Massive Mimo ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Central Processing

AbstractIn recent times, the rapid growth in mobile subscriptions and the associated demand for high data rates fuels the need for a robust wireless network design to meet the required capacity and coverage. Deploying massive numbers of cellular base stations (BSs) over a geographic area to fulfill high-capacity demands and broad network coverage is quite challenging due to inter-cell interference and significant rate variations. Cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO), a key enabler for 5G and 6G wireless networks, has been identified as an innovative technology to address this problem. In CF-mMIMO, many irregularly scattered single access points (APs) are linked to a central processing unit (CPU) via a backhaul network that coherently serves a limited number of mobile stations (MSs) to achieve high energy efficiency (EE) and spectral gains. This paper presents key areas of applications of CF-mMIMO in the ubiquitous 5G, and the envisioned 6G wireless networks. First, a foundational background on massive MIMO solutions-cellular massive MIMO, network MIMO, and CF-mMIMO is presented, focusing on the application areas and associated challenges. Additionally, CF-mMIMO architectures, design considerations, and system modeling are discussed extensively. Furthermore, the key areas of application of CF-mMIMO such as simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), channel hardening, hardware efficiency, power control, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), spectral efficiency (SE), and EE are discussed exhaustively. Finally, the research directions, open issues, and lessons learned to stimulate cutting-edge research in this emerging domain of wireless communications are highlighted.

To Decrease Maintenance Issues using FWM in Ultradense WDM Systems and Enhancing Optimum Placement of Optical Phase Conjugation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-427
Author(s):  
Anu Chauhan ◽  
Arti Vaish ◽  
Ashu Verma
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Phase Conjugation ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Frequency Division ◽  
Optical Phase Conjugation ◽  
Optical Phase ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optimum Placement ◽  
Suppression Method

AbstractIn this work, a maintenance issues resolved suppression method of four-wave mixing (FWM) is proposed using optical phase conjugation (OPC) modules and different placements of OPCs are investigated in ultradense wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system with coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) incorporation. Moreover, comparison of the placements of OPC in six different cases has been done and compared with conventional WDM (no-OPC) system in terms of Q-factor, BER and induced FWM. Analysis has been done at different launched power levels. It is observed that placement of OPC after each laser source performs exceptionally well and suppresses FWM with ease of maintenance.

Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 68-101
Author(s):  
Calvin C.K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Capacity Data

Wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network has emerged as a promising solution to support a robust and large-scale next generation optical access network. It offers high-capacity data delivery and flexible bandwidth provisioning to all subscribers, so as to meet the ever-increasing bandwidth requirements as well as the quality of service requirements of the next generation broadband access networks. The maturity and reduced cost of the WDM components available in the market are also among the major driving forces to enhance the feasibility and practicality of commercial deployment. In this chapter, the author will provide a comprehensive discussion on the basic principles and network architectures for WDM-PONs, as well as their various enabling technologies. Different feasible approaches to support the two-way transmission will be discussed. It is believed that WDM-PON is an attractive solution to realize fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) applications.

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