scholarly journals Influence of the administration of propolis and bee pollen preparation on the concentration of mercury in the muscles, kidneys and liver of white storks

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Valverde Piedra ◽  
Agata Zienkiewicz ◽  
Hussein B. Khudhur ◽  
Sylwia E. Szymańczyk ◽  
Ewa Rumińska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Broken Bones ◽  
White Storks ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Wing Damage ◽  
One Year

A total of ninety white storks (Ciconia ciconia) of both sexes aged over one year of life and at a body weight between 2.8 – 4.15kg were subjects for observations. They were collected from the Warmia and Masuria region, and were rehabilitees of The Wild Birds Rehabilitation Center (Bukwald, Poland). The storks formed a group of birds that had wing damage like broken bones and were unable to fly. According to the severity of the case storks underwent three different kinds of treatment. Light cases of motion disability were submitted to wing or leg stabilization with adhesive bandages (treatment I), while middle and severe cases were additionally submitted to the administration of one (treatment II) or two capsules (treatment III) of propolis and pollen bee preparation (Apipol Farma’s Propolis Plus®) for two weeks, respectively. After the convalescence period a total of twenty three white storks did not recover and were euthanized and dissected. Post mortem samples of pectoral and femoral muscles as well as liver and kidney samples were taken. Mercury concentration was analyzed and the results revealed that the level in the kidneys and liver of white storks not receiving propolis preparation were significantly higher than that of those from treatment II and III. Contrary to this, the mercury concentration recorded in the pectoral and femoral muscles of the birds of treatment II and treatment III were significantly higher than that of the treatment without propolis preparation. The results showed that propolis and pollen bee preparation can reduce the level of mercury in kidneys and liver, but has no influence on the reduction of mercury in pectoral and femoral muscles. .

Residues of famphur in bovine tissues and milk following its application as a pour-on insecticide

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (78) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Annand ◽  
JHP Dingle ◽  
AB Heath ◽  
WA Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Third ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Residue Levels

Three experiments were conducted to determine residues of famphur in tissues and milk of cattle following its topical application. Subcutaneous fat, sampled by biopsy, from animals treated at 150 mg famphur per kg body weight contained maximum residues of famphur (about 10 mg kg-1, average) one day after treatment. Levels of treatment at 50 mg kg-1 and 25 mg kg-1 yielded similar but lower residues after the same period (2.08 and 1.8 p.p.m, respectively). The half-life of famphur residues was independent of the initial residue levels and was calculated as 0.9 day. Mean residues were negligible (highest mean 0.08 p.p.m.) by five days after treatment. Post-mortem sampling of cattle treated with famphur at 45 mg kg-1 showed that at one day and seven days after treatment, residues in fats (up to 1.25 p.p.m. and 0.53 p.p.m. respectively) and muscle (1.41 p.p.m. and 0.71 p.p.m. respectively) were similar but were higher than the negligible levels (0.05 p.p.m. or less) found in liver and kidney. By 14 days, levels in all tissues were very low (0.11 p.p.m. or less). In milk from cows treated with 23 mg famphur kg-1, 76 per cent of the famphur was found in the butterfat and a maximum level (0.237 p.p.m.) in whole milk was found in the first milking after treatment. Residues were negligible (0.008 p.p.m.) by the third day.

scholarly journals The Influence of Broilers’ Body Weight on the Efficiency of Electrical Stunning and Meat Quality under Field Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Giorgio Smaldone ◽  
Stefano Capezzuto ◽  
Rosa Luisa Ambrosio ◽  
Maria Francesca Peruzy ◽  
Raffaele Marrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Corneal Reflex ◽  
Experimental Trials

Water-bath stunning represents the most-applied stunning system in poultry slaughtering, but within the European Union, specific indications on electric parameters that should be used, such as voltage, are missing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of two commercially available types of electrical equipment (A and B) on broilers with different live body weights and the influence of the tested parameters on meat quality. Experimental trials in a European Union-approved slaughterhouse were carried out using two different stunners. 6600 broilers, divided into three weight groups, were stunned applying different protocols based on the same current frequencies and intensity but different voltages. The state of unconsciousness (presence of corneal reflex and wings flapping) and post-mortem defects (pectoral hemorrhages and dark meat) were evaluated by blinded trained operators. The presence of corneal reflex and petechiae were the most reported consciousness signs and post-mortem injuries, respectively. Different weights played an important role within stunner A, registering statistical differences (p < 0.01) among groups. Considering injuries, an inverse relationship between body weight and lesions was found. The results highlighted the effectiveness of both stunning systems applying the best combination of electrical parameters considering the weight of the animal and ensuring its well-being.

RIGOR MORTIS: PHYSIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heron Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Rigor Mortis ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

Introduction: Estimating the time of death is an important task in day-to-day forensic work and many factors for its designation are understood, one of which is rigor mortis. They can be altered by extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as temperature location, humidity, heat, age, sex, length and body weight, and can be used as a parameter for approximate identification of the time of death. Objective: To carry out a brief review on the topic in order to promote a better understanding of the subject addressed and fully understand its physiology. Materials and Methods: Pubmed, Scielo and Medline databases were searched without date restrictions for articles published in English and Portuguese using the descriptors rigor mortis, autolysis and changes after death. Results: The theme presents consolidated researches regarding its natural course, being an important tool to estimate the time of death along other signs that appear after death, as well as to estimate some causes of death. Conclusion: Understanding the development of rigor mortis, helps to identify and distinguish processes that may have led to death and the post-mortem time.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on Mercury Induced Toxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Huq ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
AR Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E And C

The present study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of vitamin E and/or vitamin C against mercury (Hg) induced toxicity in mice. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (n=12). One group of mice (Group A) was kept as control and each of rest four groups (B, C, D and E) were fed with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water @ 65 mg/L. In addition to HgCl2 alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) @ 100 mg/L, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) @ 250 mg/L and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C at same dose were given to the mice of groups C, D and E respectively. All treatments were continued for 28 consecutive days. Four mice of each group were sacrificed on day 1, 14 and 28 and efficacy of vitamin E and vitamin C against Hg induced toxicity were evaluated by observing toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical parameters and postmortem lesions. Mild (++) toxic signs as evident by reduced feed and water intake, salivation, vomiting, excitement, muscle tremor, ataxia, restlessness, incordination and ruffled hair coat were observed from 2nd week (group B) and from 3rd week (group C and D) by intoxication with HgCl2. Significant (P<0.01) reduction of body weight (18.38%) and hematological parameters i.e. TEC (19.88%), TLC (27.89%), Hb content (34.09%) and PCV (9.15%) were observed at day 28 in HgCl2 induced intoxicated mice (group B). At identical period in same group biochemical parameters i.e. AST (46.99%) and ALT (58.72%) increased significantly (p<0.01). Pinpoint hemorrhages throughout the liver and highly (++++) congested kidney was also observed at post mortem (group B). All the parameters i.e. toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical and post mortem lesions were found to be slight (+) or mild (++) and/or improved in rest three groups of mice following treatment with vitamin E, vitamin C and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. The present study reveals that vitamin E and C have a protective role against Hg poisoning. However, combination of vitamin E and C gave better results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16949 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 93 - 100, 2008

scholarly journals Modern approaches to improving the quality of medical care for premature children in Moscow health care

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Osmanov ◽  
A. K. Mironova ◽  
A. L. Zaplatnikov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Premature Children

This article is devoted to the issue of nursing and further monitoring of children born with very low and extremely low body weight. The article presents the data of international statistics and seven-year experience of the Rehabilitation Center for children born with very low and extremely low body weight, based on a large multidisciplinary children’s hospital. The authors pay particular attention to improvement of medical care of children born with very low and extremely low body weight.

scholarly journals The effect of different doses levels of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the kidney and liver in Albino male Rat. Histopathological study

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1503-1509
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Collecting Tubules ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

Objective: In this study ,the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)were investigated on the liver and kidney tissues. Methodology: The produced nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 30 nm. Eighteen male albino rats were used by dividing them into three groups, each group comprise 6 rats. First group(control group) given food and water like other groups by liberty. Second group was tail injected by (AgNPs) at dose of (0.4 mg/kg. body weight/day). Third group was injected by (AgNPs) at dose of (0.6 mg/kg. body weight/day) for 15 days. All animals were sacrified at the end of experiment. The liver and kidney tissues specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and histological preparations were carried out then stained with H&E. Pathological changes in liver and kidney tissues were showed. Results: Histopathological studies revealed the harmful effect of the silver nanoparticles uses on the liver and kidney rats, second group that treated with Ag NPs (0.4 mg/kg.body.weight/day), kidney sections showed enlargement of collecting tubules, increase in interstitial tissue medulla, necrosis and enlargement in proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Liver showed enlargement of the central vein and degeneration of hepatic cells. Third group that treated with Ag NPs (0.6 mg/kg. body weight/day); kidney sections showed hyperplasia of the interstitial connective tissue of renal medulla with hemorrhages, renal cortex showed, degenerative changes and necrosis of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Liver section showed congestion and necrosis of hepatic cells. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles cause damage in liver and kidney tissues. Recommendation: Further study is needed for the effect of Ag NPs on the other tissues.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Properties and Effect of Abrus precatorius Leaves Extract on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Fatima Mohammad Madaki ◽  
◽  
Adamu Yusuf Kabiru ◽  
Olofu Ogbadoyi Emmanuel ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Ld50 Value

Background: Abrus precatorius (A. precatorius) is a herbal remedy commonly used in traditional medicine. We investigated the phytochemical, antioxidant, toxic properties, and safety of A. precatorius leaves in rats. Methods: Phytochemical studies were conducted using standard procedures. The antioxidant properties were studied using the reducing power and 2, 2′- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assays. The effect of the extract on biochemical and haematological parameters were evaluated after the oral administration of the extract at daily doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of the rats’ body weight for 28 days. Results: Saponin was the most abundant (202.25±9.25 mg/100g) while alkaloids (9.69±0.34 mg/100g) were the least phytochemical content of A. precatorius. The extract had an LD50 value of >5000 mg/kg, demonstrating significant reducing power and DPPH scavenging activities (IC50 = 106.22 μg/mL). The extract significantly decreased the serum bilirubin and AST concentrations but increased the total proteins concentration compared with the controls (p<0.05). Urea, creatinine, ALP, ALT, chloride and albumin concentrations in the treated rats were not significantly different from those of the controls (p>0.05). The 600 mg/kg dose significantly increased the Hb, PCV, RBC and MCHC of the treated rats, compared to those of the controls (p<0.05). All doses of the extract tested significantly increased the platelet count but did not alter the counts of MCV, MCH, TWBC, RDW, lymphocyte and neutrophils (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the A. precatorious leaves possess antioxidant and erythropoietic properties. It was also found to be relatively safe with regards to the liver and kidney integrity at concentrations up to 600 mg/kg body weight of the rats.

Transpyloric Feeding in the Newborn: Use in Neonates with and without Respiratory Failure

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mulla ◽  
I. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
One Year

In a peripheral maternity hospital providing Intensive Care for 5274 deliveries per annum, NJ feeding was attempted, in one year, in 57 neonates. One third of these weighed less than 1500 g at birth and 41 (71.9%) had respiratory disease. A standard technique, and a commercially available tube was used, and the tube was passed to the jejunum within 24 hours in 46 (80.7%) of the babies. NJ feeding was continued for varying periods, up to 50 days. The volume of milk given varied with the duration of the feed but feeds of up to 244 ml of milk/Kg body weight/day were achieved. Thirty-eight (66.6%) of the babies regained their birthweight by 20 days and major complications were uncommon. We have shown that NJ feeding can be used in low birthweight babies with serious respiratory illness, even when resources are limited.

Oxidative processes in hypervitaminosis A in albino rats

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (6) ◽  
pp. 1274-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Ray ◽  
D. P. Sadhu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hypervitaminosis A ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Similar Pair

Albino rats were made hypervitaminotic A by feeding 30,000 iu of vitamin A daily by mouth; the effect of this hypervitaminosis was compared with a similar pair-fed group. Food consumption and body weight gain were reduced. Study of liver and kidney slices shows that the latter manifest no significant increase in oxygen consumption in presence of succinate or acetate. There is slight increase in O2 consumption in brain homogenates. Liver homogenate shows 15.2% inhibition with succinate and 5.6% with ascorbate oxidation. Liver homogenate shows 19.3% inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase activity by Thunberg technique with methylene blue indicator. It is concluded that hypervitaminosis A inhibits liver respiration by affecting the dehydrogenase, or any immediate step following it, and the cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase end of the succinoxidase system is little affected.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA INFECTION IN POULTRY IN GAZIPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
M. R. Hossain ◽  
M. M. Meher ◽  
M. Afrin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Fowl Cholera

The present study was undertaken to determine the present status of fowl cholera (FC) infection of poultry in Gazipur district during September 2016 to February 2017. A total of 282 either dead or sick birds (Layer and Sonali) were taken as sample in which the sick birds were subjected to record clinical data and consequently the dead birds were for post mortem examination. Hence, overall 12.41% prevalence was found for FC and about 87.59% was for mixed other diseases.  All the birds were grouped into six named as A1, A2 and up to A6 accordingly their age. The highest incidence (29.79 %) was found in A1 (8-20weeks) group and the lowest was 4.26% in A5 (51-60 weeks) group. Furthermore, six FC infected farms were categorized to treat with six specific antibiotics individually. Thereafter, the highest recovery rate (89.6% and 87.5%) was recorded in two farms using Enrofloxacin and Gentamicin particularly. The lowest recovery rate (60%) was in Erythromycin treatment group. However, the layer birds of six farms lost their body weight almost 11.84%, specifically the highest percentages (16.49%) was in treated with Ampicillin and lowest percentages (5.79%) found in a farm treated with Gentamicin. In brief, FC commonly appears just near to laying age and therapeutic management trivially decreases the body weight that ultimately shoots up the production cost.

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