scholarly journals The complementarity of dilemma discussion with theoretical reading for an effective intervention in moral judgment

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Víctor Hugo Robles Francia
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Lasting Peace ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Social Minorities

At present there is great interest in moral education to achieve a straight democracy, a healthy coexistence between all actors and social minorities and a lasting peace. What has guided this research partially effective development of moral reasoning skills. Also, because this subject shows limited field explorations and void effective interventions in Mexico. In particular, this research showed the following hypothesis: effective complementarity discursive exposure Kohlberg's theory to the discussion of moral dilemmas. The Moral Judgment Test was applied as pretest to 19 undergraduates, as intermediate test and final test. There were two phases: the first was on discussion of moral dilemmas, at the rate of seven sessions, one per week; the second one was made through a session and expository reading on the theory of moral judgment. The results showed a decline of moral judgment in the first intervention phase and a significant increase after the second phase.

scholarly journals Moral education: School as a just community

2003 ◽  
pp. 195-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Miocinovic
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Individual Student ◽  
Moral Atmosphere ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Just Community ◽  
Principal Method

The paper discusses Kohlberg?s view of moral education, how it was developing and changing over time. Starting from a theoretical postulate that thinking constitutes the essence of morality and from empirical findings of the stage development of moral judgment, in his early works Kohlberg defines moral education as "encouraging the natural course of moral judgment development". As a principal method of work, Kohlberg recommends the encouragement of a cognitive conflict by means of discussing hypothetic moral dilemmas. Criticisms that he is over-intellectualizing moral education, getting acquainted with a collective upbringing in kibbutz's, active participation in work in schools and prisons and finding that moral judgment and acting in everyday life is a response to the prevailing moral atmosphere of a group are leading to the changes in moral education goals and development of a new approach known as "just community". Now a group is in the focus of moral education, not an individual any longer, the major area of studies being group norms and expectations. The "just community" approach does not remain only at the classroom level discussing hypothetical moral dilemmas but directly influences the structure of school justice i.e. its rules and discipline, processes they are passed as well as the rights and duties of both teachers and students. Its goal is no longer to develop moral judgment of an individual student but to develop a group as moral community founded upon the norms of trust, participation and collective responsibility.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Smart Mind Map dalam Pdp Pendidikan Moral

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahidih Saili ◽  
Azmil Hashim ◽  
Nurul Hamimi Awang Japilan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Two Phases

This research identified the effectiveness of using Smart Mind Map in the teaching and learning of Moral education at Institut Kemahiran MARA (IKM) Bintulu. This quantitative study was conducted in two phases. The first phase employed a survey design and the survey data were obtained by using the questionnaire instrument while the second phase is employed a quasi-experimental design. A total of 47 students involved in this research. The validity of the data was determined by establishing reference from a panel of experts. The quantitative data were analysed descriptively and were inferred to obtain frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. As a result, it was found that the reliability of the instrument that was assessed via alpha Cronbach had been high, which was >80. The results show that the attitude of students is high and the use of Smart Mind Map provides a variety of benefits to students in the teaching and learning of Moral education. Quasi-experiments showed that the use of Smart Mind Map effective in improving students academic achievement. Thus, the use of Smart Mind Map need to be underway again and continuous efforts should be done to improve the function and effectiveness of Smart Mind Map in the teaching and learning of Moral education.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Pendidikan Moral Terhadap Peningkatan Pertimbangan Moral Siswa SMP

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149
Author(s):  
M. Djunaidi Ghony ◽  
Nur Ali
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Independent Variable

The model of learning in teaching moral education widely adopted in Indonesia is the Lecture Question Answer (LQA) method developed from the values induction approach. This method has lent itself to that negative interpretation. The present study attempts at investigating the influences of moral education methods in order to find out a method that is more appropriate to the characteristics and the objectives of moral education in Indonesia. This research is experimental in nature and was performed using a 2x2 factorial design. One independent variable, one moderator variable and one dependent variable were involved in the study. The research subjects were randomly selected from the students of SMP IKIP Malang and they were also randomly assigned to perform research treatments. The subjects’ moral judgment stages were measured using the Kohlberg’s judgment stage structure. A two way anova was then performed to analyze the data. The results show that the method of discussing moral dilemmas is superior to the lecture method. Female students are superior in moral judgment skills than male students.

Does Moral Education Improve Moral Judgment? A Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies Using the Defining Issues Test

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Schlaefli ◽  
James R. Rest ◽  
Stephen J. Thoma
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Defining Issues Test ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
School Students

A review was conducted of 55 studies of education interventions designed to stimulate development in moral judgment. All studies used the Defining Issues Test. Various subject groups were involved (junior and senior high school students, college and graduate students, adults), various types of programs were employed (group discussion of moral dilemmas, psychological development programs, social studies and humanities courses), and the duration of the programs varied (a few hours to a year-long program). The principal findings from meta-analysis indicate that the dilemma discussion and psychological development programs produce modest overall effect sizes, that treatments of about 3 to 12 weeks are optimal, and that programs with adults (24 years and older) produce larger effect sizes than with younger subjects; however, significant effect sizes are obtained with all groups.

scholarly journals Moral Judgment Test (MJT) in Urdu: Translation and Validation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahab Liaquat
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Religious Institutes ◽  
Preference Hierarchy ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Public And Private Sector

The present study was conducted as part of a larger study that aimed to compare moral judgment competence and moral preferences among Pakistani students of public and private sector educational institutes and religious institutes and also to measure the pattern of development of moral judgment competence of students within these institutes. The validation study completed in two phases, during the 1st phase data were collected from the students of grade 8 to 16 from public sector schools and colleges of Rawalpindi city. Very low mean c-score was observed (M = 13.60, SD = 9.05), the test came out to be valid on preference hierarchy criterion but its validity on the cognitive-affective parallelism and Quasi- simplex structure criteria could not be established due to low c-scores of the sample. In the second phase an additional sample from one private sector and two public sector universities was collected. The analysis of the combined sample (N = 246) showed no significant improvement of c-scores (M = 13.94, SD = 9.53). The test meets well the preference hierarchy criterion but on the other two criteria results remain inconclusive due to low variance in the sample. The low c-scores are explained on the basis of three assumptions; (1) poor quality of education, (2) dogmatic religiosity, and (3) weak and instable political structure of Pakistani society.

Accurate Detection and Quantization of Leaf- Diseases through Soft Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
Divya Srivastava ◽  
Rajitha B. ◽  
Suneeta Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Stage Of Disease ◽  
Accurate Detection ◽  
Two Phases

Diseases in leaves can cause the significant reduction in both quality and quantity of agricultural production. If early and accurate detection of disease/diseases in leaves can be automated, then the proper remedy can be taken timely. A simple and computationally efficient approach is presented in this paper for disease/diseases detection on leaves. Only detecting the disease is not beneficial without knowing the stage of disease thus the paper also determine the stage of disease/diseases by quantizing the affected of the leaves by using digital image processing and machine learning. Though there exists a variety of diseases on leaves, but the bacterial and fungal spots (Early Scorch, Late Scorch, and Leaf Spot) are the most prominent diseases found on leaves. Keeping this in mind the paper deals with the detection of Bacterial Blight and Fungal Spot both at an early stage (Early Scorch) and late stage (Late Scorch) on the variety of leaves. The proposed approach is divided into two phases, in the first phase, it identifies one or more disease/diseases existing on leaves. In the second phase, amount of area affected by the disease/diseases is calculated. The experimental results obtained showed 97% accuracy using the proposed approach.

Representação e simbolismo: artes visuais na fronteira Brasil/Bolívia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Paulo César Antonini de Souza ◽  
Derick Trindade Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
America Latina

ResumoTendo por campo de investigação o Festival da América do Sul Pantanal (FASP) em 2018, na cidade de Corumbá (Brasil), objetiva-se identificar a materialidade e conceitos que permeiam as manifestações artísticas bidimensionais nesta região de fronteira, a partir da percepção de artistas da Bolívia. A pesquisa se organizou em duas fases: na primeira foi realizado um levantamento em plataformas online de produções acadêmicas em artes visuais, com foco no trabalho bidimensional, utilizando os descritores “arte popular” e “estética latina” resultando em três artigos. Na segunda fase foram selecionados dois trabalhos de uma artista da Bolívia, participante da mostra “Conexão Santa Cruz”, realizada durante o FASP 2018, que foram analisados em seus níveis representacional e simbólico. Pela interpretação das imagens foi possível construir uma leitura sobre a perspectiva da artista a respeito de suas condições culturais dentro da ordenação social em que se encontra situada.Palavras-chave: Artes Visuais. Arte Popular. Arte Regional. América Latina. Representation and symbolism: visual arts on the Brazil/Bolivia frontierAbstractHaving as research field the Festival da América do Sul Pantanal (FASP) in 2018, in the city of Corumbá (Brazil), the objective is to identify the materiality and concepts that permeate the two-dimensional artistic manifestations in this border region, from the perception of artists from Bolivia. The research was organized in two phases: in the first, a survey was carried out on online platforms of academic productions in visual arts, focusing on two-dimensional work, using the descriptors “arte popular” and “estética latina” resulting in three articles. In the second phase, two works were selected by an artist from Bolivia, participating in the exhibition “Conexão Santa Cruz”, held during FASP 2018, which were analyzed at their representational and symbolic levels. Through the interpretation of the images, it was possible to construct a reading on the artist’s perspective regarding her cultural conditions within the social order in which she is located.Keywords: Visual Arts. Folk Art. Regional Art. Latin America.Representación y simbolismo: artes visuales en la frontera de Brasil/BoliviaResumenTeniendo como campo de investigación el Festival de Sudamérica Pantanal (FASP) en 2018, en la ciudad de Corumbá (Brasil), el objetivo es identificar la materialidad y conceptos que permean las manifestaciones artísticas bidimensionales en esta región fronteriza, desde la percepción de artistas de Bolivia. La investigación se organizó en dos fases: en la primera, se realizó una encuesta en plataformas online de producciones académicas en artes visuales, con foco en el trabajo bidimensional, utilizando los descriptores “arte popular” y “estética latina” dando como resultado tres artículos. En la segunda fase, dos obras fueron seleccionadas por un artista de Bolivia, participante de la exposición “Conexão Santa Cruz”, realizada durante FASP 2018, que fueron analizadas en sus niveles representativos y simbólicos. A través de la interpretación de las imágenes, fue posible construir una lectura sobre la perspectiva de la artista sobre sus condiciones culturales dentro del orden social en el que se ubica.Palabras clave: Artes Visuales. Arte Popular. Arte Regional. América Latina.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Geerinck ◽  
C. Beaudart ◽  
J.-Y. Reginster ◽  
M. Locquet ◽  
C. Monseur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Two Phases

Abstract Purpose To facilitate the measurement of quality of life in sarcopenia, we set out to reduce the number of items in the previously validated Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL®) questionnaire, and to evaluate the clinimetric properties of this new short form. Methods The item reduction process was carried out in two phases. First, information was gathered through item-impact scores from older people (n = 1950), a Delphi method with sarcopenia experts, and previously published clinimetric data. In the second phase, this information was presented to an expert panel that decided which of the items to include in the short form. The newly created SFSarQoL was then administered to older, community-dwelling participants who previously participated in the SarcoPhAge study. We examined discriminative power, internal consistency, construct validity, test–retest reliability, structural validity and examined item parameters with a graded response model (IRT). Results The questionnaire was reduced from 55 to 14 items, a 75% reduction. A total of 214 older, community-dwelling people were recruited for the validation study. The clinimetric evaluation showed that the SF-SarQoL® can discriminate on sarcopenia status [EWGSOP2 criteria; 34.52 (18.59–43.45) vs. 42.86 (26.56–63.69); p = 0.043], is internally consistent (α = 0.915, ω = 0.917) and reliable [ICC = 0.912 (0.847–0.942)]. A unidimensional model was fitted (CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.975; RMSEA = 0.108, 90% CI 0.094–0.123; SRMR = 0.055) with no misfitting items and good response category separation. Conclusions A new, 14-item, short form version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire has been developed and shows good clinimetric properties.

scholarly journals SWIPT in mMIMO system with non-linear energy-harvesting terminals: protocol design and performance optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Xu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Nan Sha ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Half Duplex ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
And Performance

Abstract In this paper, we design the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) protocol for massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO) system with non-linear energy-harvesting (EH) terminals. In this system, the base station (BS) serves a set of uplink fixed half-duplex (HD) terminals with non-linear energy harvester. Considering the non-linearity of practical energy-harvesting circuits, we adopt the realistic non-linear EH model rather than the idealistic linear EH model. The proposed SWIPT protocol can be divided into two phases. The first phase is designed for terminals EH and downlink training. A beam domain energy beamforming method is employed for the wireless power transmission. In the second phase, the BS forms the two-layer receive beamformers for the reception of signals transmitted by terminals. In order to improve the spectral efficiency (SE) of the system, the BS transmit power- and time-switching ratios are optimized. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed beam-domain SWIPT protocol on SE performance compared with the conventional mMIMO SWIPT protocols.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Direct Paddy Seeder in Puddled Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2745
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Ritu Dogra ◽  
Mahesh Narang ◽  
Manjit Singh ◽  
Sushant Mehan
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Different Soils

Manual transplanting, a pre-dominant practice in almost all the paddy growing areas in India, is laborious, burdensome, and has many expenses on raising, settling, and transplanting nursery. The transplanting process’s limitations motivated the replacement of conventional paddy transplanting methods. The study was divided into two phases. The first phase included laboratory testing of three levels of metering mechanisms, namely cell type (M1) with 10 cells grooved around a circular plate having a 13 cm diameter, inclined plate (M2) containing 24 U shaped cells provided on an 18 cm diameter plate, and fluted roller (M3) with 10 flutes on a 5 cm diameter shaft. The testing matrix included a missing index, multiple index, and seed damage with forward speeds (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 km/h), and pre-germination levels of 24 h soaked (P1), 24 h pre-germinated (P2), and 36 h pre-germinated paddy seeds (P3)). The second phase included selecting the best combination obtained from the laboratory study and developing a new efficient planter for the puddled field. The inclined plate metering mechanism operating at 2.5 km/h for 24 h pre-germinated seeds was reported most efficient from the first phase. Therefore, a self-propelled 8-row planter equipped with an inclined plate metering mechanism having a row-to-row spacing of 22.5 cm was developed, fabricated, and evaluated in the puddled field. The designed planter was assessed on two different soils: sandy loom (ST1) and clay loom (ST2) and at two different hopper fill levels as ½ filled hopper (F1) and ¾ filled hopper (F2). The number of plants per square meter and hill-to-hill spacing was measured. The on-field evaluation revealed that the number of plants per square meter was non-significantly affected by the type of soil but was significantly affected by hopper fill.

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