scholarly journals Identification and protection of terrestrial global biodiversity hotspots: progress and challenges

2016 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Arijit Roy
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Global Biodiversity

Hotspots of land-use change in global biodiversity hotspots

2021 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 105770
Author(s):  
Xuesong Kong ◽  
Zhengzi Zhou ◽  
Limin Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Global Biodiversity

scholarly journals Changes in Human Population Density and Protected Areas in Terrestrial Global Biodiversity Hotspots, 1995–2015

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Cunningham ◽  
Karen Beazley
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Human Population Density ◽  
Global Average ◽  
Global Biodiversity

Biodiversity hotspots are rich in endemic species and threatened by anthropogenic influences and, thus, considered priorities for conservation. In this study, conservation achievements in 36 global biodiversity hotspots (25 identified in 1988, 10 added in 2011, and one in 2016) were evaluated in relation to changes in human population density and protected area coverage between 1995 and 2015. Population densities were compared against 1995 global averages, and percentages of protected area coverage were compared against area-based targets outlined in Aichi target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (17% by 2020) and calls for half Earth (50%). The two factors (average population density and percent protected area coverage) for each hotspot were then plotted to evaluate relative levels of threat to biodiversity conservation. Average population densities in biodiversity hotspots increased by 36% over the 20-year period, and were double the global average. The protected area target of 17% is achieved in 19 of the 36 hotspots; the 17 hotspots where this target has not been met are economically disadvantaged areas as defined by Gross Domestic Product. In 2015, there are seven fewer hotspots (22 in 1995; 15 in 2015) in the highest threat category (i.e., population density exceeding global average, and protected area coverage less than 17%). In the lowest threat category (i.e., population density below the global average, and a protected area coverage of 17% or more), there are two additional hotspots in 2015 as compared to 1995, attributable to gains in protected area. Only two hotspots achieve a target of 50% protection. Although conservation progress has been made in most global biodiversity hotspots, additional efforts are needed to slow and/or reduce population density and achieve protected area targets. Such conservation efforts are likely to require more coordinated and collaborative initiatives, attention to biodiversity objectives beyond protected areas, and support from the global community.

Pollination and Restoration

Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 325 (5940) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley W. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Pollination services underpin sustainability of restored ecosystems. Yet, outside of agri-environments, effective restoration of pollinator services in ecological restoration has received little attention. This deficiency in the knowledge needed to restore pollinator capability represents a major liability in restoration programs, particularly in regions where specialist invertebrate and vertebrate pollinators exist, such as global biodiversity hotspots. When compounded with the likely negative impacts of climate change on pollination services, the need to understand and manage pollinator services in restoration becomes paramount.

scholarly journals How global biodiversity hotspots may go unrecognized: lessons from the North American Coastal Plain

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed F. Noss ◽  
William J. Platt ◽  
Bruce A. Sorrie ◽  
Alan S. Weakley ◽  
D. Bruce Means ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
North American ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Coastal Plain ◽  
Global Biodiversity

Brazilian passion fruits as new healthy food: from composition to health properties and mechanisms of action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella de Araújo Esteves Duarte ◽  
Dragan Milenkovic ◽  
Tatiana Karla Borges ◽  
Livia de Lacerda de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Maria Costa
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Brazilian Biodiversity

The Brazilian biodiversity is one of the largest in the world, with about 41,000 species cataloged within two global biodiversity hotspots: Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, the Brazilian savannah. Passiflora, known...

The Noongar of south-western Australia: a case study of long-term biodiversity conservation in a matrix of old and young landscapes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Lullfitz ◽  
Carol Pettersen ◽  
Ron (Doc) Reynolds ◽  
Aden Eades ◽  
Averil Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
South West ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
Ocbil Theory

Abstract Occurring across all southern hemisphere continents except Antarctica, old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) are centres of biological richness, often in biodiversity hotspots. Among a matrix of young, often disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs), OCBILs are centres of endemism and diversity in the exceptionally rich flora of the south-west Australian global biodiversity hotspot, home to Noongar peoples for ≥ 48 000 years. We analysed contemporary traditional Noongar knowledge of adjacent OCBILs (e.g. granite outcrops) and YODFELs (e.g. creekline fringes) both at a single site and in two larger areas to test whether patterns of disturbance dictated by Noongar custom align with OCBIL theory. We found that Noongar traditional knowledge reflects a regime of concentrated YODFEL rather than OCBIL disturbance—a pattern which aligns with maximal biodiversity preservation. SIMPER testing found traditional Noongar OCBIL and YODFEL activities are 64–75% dissimilar, whereas Pearson’s chi-square tests revealed camping, burning, travelling through country and hunting as primarily YODFEL rather than OCBIL activities. We found that Noongar activities usually avoid OCBIL disturbance. This combined with high floristic diversity following enduring First Peoples’ presence, suggests that traditional Noongar knowledge is valuable and necessary for south-west Australian biodiversity conservation. Similar cultural investigations in other OCBIL-dominated global biodiversity hotspots may prove profitable.

scholarly journals Plant-soil interactions in global biodiversity hotspots

2016 ◽  
Vol 403 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony van der Ent ◽  
Hans Lambers
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

scholarly journals Testing the Efficacy of Global Biodiversity Hotspots for Insect Conservation: The Case of South African Katydids

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0160630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna S. Bazelet ◽  
Aileen C. Thompson ◽  
Piotr Naskrecki
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Insect Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Global Biodiversity

scholarly journals Early stages and larval host plants of some northeastern Indian butterflies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 11780
Author(s):  
Tarun Karmakar ◽  
R. Nitin ◽  
Vivek Sarkar ◽  
Sarika Baidya ◽  
Subhajit Mazumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Eastern Himalaya and northeastern India are part of two global biodiversity hotspots, yet the critical butterfly-plant associations and early stages of most butterfly species in this region are poorly recorded.  We have reported early stages and larval host plants of 78 butterfly species, some of which are rare and endemic, providing specific information on spatial and temporal details associated with these records.  These records contribute region-specific information on Indian butterflies, which may be useful in basic ecological and conservation studies in the future. 

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