scholarly journals Management options for pediatric patients who stutter: current challenges and future directions

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 7 ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Donaghy ◽  
Kylie Smith
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Future Directions

scholarly journals Malignant Pleural Effusions: Management Options

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 704-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Porcel ◽  
Najib Rahman ◽  
David McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Effusion ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Patient Benefit ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
Health Care Burden ◽  
Significant Health

AbstractMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) represents advanced metastatic malignancy and is associated with poor median survival. Incidence remains high and continues to rise, in part due to changing population demographics. This therefore represents a significant health care burden. Management is predominantly palliative in nature and multiple interventions are available within conventional treatment paradigms, all of which are proven to result in statistically significant patient benefit. This article further explores the methods available in the management of MPE along with the pitfalls, complications, and alternatives. Recent advances within the field are discussed with an exploration of likely future directions, including the role of ultrasound as a prospective predictor and the role of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy.

scholarly journals Open Resection versus Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for the Treatment of Pediatric Insular Epilepsy

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. E730-E736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T Hale ◽  
Sonali Sen ◽  
Ali S Haider ◽  
Freedom F Perkins ◽  
Dave F Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Open Resection ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy

AbstractBACKGROUNDVarious studies suggest that the insular cortex may play an underappreciated role in pediatric frontotemporal/parietal epilepsy. Here, we report on the postsurgical outcomes in 26 pediatric patients with confirmed insular involvement by depth electrode monitoring.OBJECTIVETo describe one of the largest series of pediatric patients with medically refractory epilepsy undergoing laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) or surgical resection of at least some portion of the insular cortex.METHODSPediatric patients in whom invasive insular sampling confirmed insular involvement and who subsequently underwent a second stage surgery (LITT or open resection) were included. Complications and Engel Class outcomes at least 1 yr postsurgery were compiled as well as pathology results in the open surgical cases.RESULTSThe average age in our cohort was 10.3 yr, 58% were male, and the average length of follow-up was 2.43 ± 0.20 (SEM) yr. A total of 14 patients underwent LITT, whereas 12 patients underwent open resection. Complications in patients undergoing either LITT or open resection were mostly minimal and generally transient. Forty-three percent of patients who underwent LITT were Engel Class I, compared to 50% of patients who underwent open insular resection.CONCLUSIONBoth surgical resection and LITT are valid management options in the treatment of medically refractory insular/opercular epilepsy in children. Although LITT may be a less invasive alternative to craniotomy, further studies are needed to determine its noninferiority in terms of complication rates and seizure freedom, especially in cases of cortical dysplasia that may involve extensive regions of the brain.

scholarly journals Pediatric inhalation injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soman Sen
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Smoke Inhalation Injury ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Pulmonary Physiology

Abstract Smoke inhalation injury can cause severe physiologic perturbations. In pediatric patients, these perturbations cause profound changes in cardiac and pulmonary physiology. In this review, we examine the pathology, early management options, ventilator strategy, and long-term outcomes in pediatric patients who have suffered a smoke inhalation injury.

scholarly journals Levobupivacaine for regional blockades in orthopedics and traumatology in children: recent evidence and future directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Gleb E. Ulrikh ◽  
Dmitri V. Zabolotskii ◽  
Yuri S. Aleksandrovich ◽  
Viktor A. Koryachkin ◽  
Sevir N. Nezabudkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Different Ages

Levobupivacaine is an amide anesthetic, levorotatory isomer of bupivacaine. This literature review aimed to present the possibilities of levobupivacaine in the implementation of blockades for anesthesia in traumatology and orthopedics in children. Levobupivacaine is widely used for analgesia for orthopedic interventions in adults and has become an alternative to the less safe bupivacaine. The actions of levobupivacaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine in the implementation of neuroaxial and peripheral blockades, and the infiltration of postoperative wounds in children were compared in the present study. Levobupivacaine has been confirmed to be safe compared with bupivacaine in pediatric patients. Studies in children of different ages comparing levobupivacaine and ropivacaine, used for anesthesia in traumatology and orthopedics, indicate the same or greater analgesic potential of levobupivacaine, with a similar level of safety. Compared with ropivacaine, levobupivacaine provides comparable pain relief at lower concentrations. The presented clinical data of levobupivacaine use in children allow the expansion of the indications for anesthesia in orthopedics and traumatology. Clinical research should be continued to compare the effectiveness of different concentrations of levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in larger groups of pediatric patients. Relevant papers were obtained by searching PubMed and Scopus databases.

scholarly journals Skin Disease in Children: Effects on Quality of Life, Stigmatization, Bullying, and Suicide Risk in Pediatric Acne, Atopic Dermatitis, and Psoriasis Patients

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Kelly ◽  
Esther A. Balogh ◽  
Sebastian G. Kaplan ◽  
Steven R. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Chronic Skin

Acne, atopic dermatitis (AD), and psoriasis are all chronic dermatologic conditions that greatly impact the lives of pediatric patients and their caregivers. The visible nature of these diseases negatively affects the self-image of children early in life as well as their relationships with their families and peers. Physicians recognize the importance of addressing both the physical and mental symptoms of their patients but are currently not equipped with clear guidelines to manage long-term psychosocial comorbidities in pediatric dermatologic patients. A PubMed and Google Scholar search of key words was conducted to explore self-image in pediatric patients with acne, AD, and psoriasis. Chronic skin diseases put pediatric patients at risk for strained family relationships, poor self-image, psychiatric comorbidities, stigmatization, and eventual suicidal behavior. A limitation of this study is a lack of a validated measure of quality of life in the pediatric population that fulfills enough criteria to evaluate long term quality of life in children and adults. Possible management options, including connecting patients with the same diagnosis and allocating resources to parents and teachers to better understand these chronic skin conditions, may provide pediatric patients with the support they need to develop resilience in the face of these challenges.

scholarly journals The Protein Landscape of Mucinous Ovarian Cancer: Towards a Theranostic

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5596
Author(s):  
Arkan Youssef ◽  
Mohammad B. Haskali ◽  
Kylie L. Gorringe
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Theranostic Agents ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Target Effects

MOC is a rare histotype of epithelial ovarian cancer, and current management options are inadequate for the treatment of late stage or recurrent disease. A shift towards personalised medicines in ovarian cancer is being observed, with trials targeting specific molecular pathways, however, MOC lags due to its rarity. Theranostics is a rapidly evolving category of personalised medicine, encompassing both a diagnostic and therapeutic approach by recognising targets that are expressed highly in tumour tissue in order to deliver a therapeutic payload. The present review evaluates the protein landscape of MOC in recent immunohistochemical- and proteomic-based research, aiming to identify potential candidates for theranostic application. Fourteen proteins were selected based on cell membrane localisation: HER2, EGFR, FOLR1, RAC1, GPR158, CEACAM6, MUC16, PD-L1, NHE1, CEACAM5, MUC1, ACE2, GP2, and PTPRH. Optimal proteins to target using theranostic agents must exhibit high membrane expression on cancerous tissue with low expression on healthy tissue to afford improved disease outcomes with minimal off-target effects and toxicities. We provide guidelines to consider in the selection of a theranostic target for MOC and suggest future directions in evaluating the results of this review.

scholarly journals Joint Practice Parameters on the Management of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Site Administrator ◽  
Ruzanne M. Caro ◽  
Marysia T. Recto ◽  
Josefino G. Hernandez ◽  
Madeleine W. Sumpaico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Allergy And Immunology ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
General Physicians

Introduction Allergic rhinitis is a common disease entity that may be easily misdiagnosed and mistreated. It is a global concern, affecting 10% to 25% of the population worldwide, that has to be controlled since it can be disabling affecting the quality of life of patients. The Philippine Society of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery is currently updating its 2006 guideline on Allergic Rhinitis. The Section of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology together with the Section of Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, came up with practice parameters in the diagnosis and management of adult and pediatric patients suspected to have allergic rhinitis to guide clinicians in managing these patients. Locally, it is the first collaboration of otorhinolaryngologists and allergists. Scope of the Guideline This practice parameter was developed to guide general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists in the diagnosis and management of adult and pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis in an ambulatory care setting. Objectives This guideline aims to (1) assist general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists diagnose true allergic rhinitis; (2) evaluate current techniques and practices in diagnosing allergic rhinitis; and (3) describe treatment and management options for allergic rhinitis. Development process The Section of Rhinology of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Section of Allergy and Immunology of the Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine of the UP-Philippine General Hospital convened a working group to create a consensus document to be used primarily for the Allergic Rhinitis Clinic, a joint clinic of the aforementioned sections in the Out-Patient Department of the UP-PGH, and to serve as a guide to general physicians, otorhinolaryngologists and allergists. The working group agreed to come up with an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of a patient with allergic rhinitis. Clinical questions were subsequently formulated based on the algorithm. The members then searched for relevant literature (including clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews) in the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database, Herdin database and unpublished local articles on allergic rhinitis. Appraisal of literature was done by an epidemiologist and evidence was presented and discussed within the working group. Applicability and availability of the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions were considered. All materials were assessed for relevance and further classified according to levels of evidence and grades of evidence based on guidelines. Recommendations were based on nominal approval of the working group. The document was then presented to stakeholders--consultants and residents of four clinical departments (Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology, Pediatrics), medical interns, medical students, nurses and patients. The opinions of the stakeholders were considered in the final draft.

scholarly journals Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Rotondo-Trivette S ◽  
Michail S
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Onset

Inflammatory bowel disease is an important pediatric disease, with as many as 25% of cases presenting during childhood. In this article, we review the types, etiology epidemiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. We also highlight the unique aspects of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease versus adult-onset and future directions in this field, such as the use of genetic studies and ultrasound for the management of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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