scholarly journals The Association Between Azathioprine Genetic Polymorphisms, Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Drug Reactions Among Egyptian Patients with Autoimmune Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Nermeen Abuelsoud ◽  
Hala Fayed ◽  
Engy Elkateeb
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Egyptian Patients

scholarly journals Development of a Pharmacogenetic Lab-on-Chip Assay Based on the In-Check Technology to Screen for Genetic Variations Associated to Adverse Drug Reactions to Common Chemotherapeutic Agents

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Rosario Iemmolo ◽  
Valentina La Cognata ◽  
Giovanna Morello ◽  
Maria Guarnaccia ◽  
Mariamena Arbitrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Chip Assay ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip

Background: Antineoplastic agents represent the most common class of drugs causing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). Mutant alleles of genes coding for drug-metabolizing enzymes are the best studied individual risk factors for these ADRs. Although the correlation between genetic polymorphisms and ADRs is well-known, pharmacogenetic tests are limited to centralized laboratories with expensive or dedicated instrumentation used by specialized personnel. Nowadays, DNA chips have overcome the major limitations in terms of sensibility, specificity or small molecular detection, allowing the simultaneous detection of several genetic polymorphisms with time and costs-effective advantages. In this work, we describe the design of a novel silicon-based lab-on-chip assay able to perform low-density and high-resolution multi-assay analysis (amplification and hybridization reactions) on the In-Check platform. Methods: The novel lab-on-chip was used to screen 17 allelic variants of three genes associated with adverse reactions to common chemotherapeutic agents: DPYD (Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase), MTHFR (5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) and TPMT (Thiopurine S-methyltransferase). Results: Inter- and intra assay variability were performed to assess the specificity and sensibility of the chip. Linear regression was used to assess the optimal hybridization temperature set at 52 °C (R2 ≈ 0.97). Limit of detection was 50 nM. Conclusions: The high performance in terms of sensibility and specificity of this lab-on-chip supports its further translation to clinical diagnostics, where it may effectively promote precision medicine.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamic genetic polymorphisms affect adverse drug reactions of haloperidol in patients with alcohol-use disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sergeevich Zastrozhin ◽  
Vadim Brodyansky ◽  
Valentin Skryabin ◽  
Elena Grishina ◽  
Dmitry Ivashchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Drug Reactions

Effects of CYP2C19*17 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Steady-State Concentration of Diazepam in Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 001857872093175
Author(s):  
Valentin Yurievich Skryabin ◽  
Mikhail Zastrozhin ◽  
Marco Torrado ◽  
Elena Grishina ◽  
Kristina Ryzhikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Steady State Concentration ◽  
State Concentration

Background: Diazepam is one of the most widely prescribed tranquilizers for the therapy of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS), which includes the symptoms of anxiety, fear, and emotional tension. However, diazepam therapy often turns out to be ineffective, and some patients experience dose-dependent adverse drug reactions, reducing the efficacy of therapy. Aim: The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms on the steady-state concentration of diazepam in patients with AWS. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 50 Russian male patients suffering from the AWS. For the therapy of psychomotor agitation, anxiety, fear, and emotional tension, patients received diazepam in injections at a dosage of 30.0 mg/day for 5 days. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The efficacy and safety assessment was performed using psychometric scales and scales for assessing the severity of adverse drug reactions. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was performed using the high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. Results: Based on the results of the study, we revealed the differences in the efficacy of therapy in patients with different CYP2C19 − 806C>T genotypes: (*1/*1) −12.0 [−15.0; −8.0], (*1/*17+*17/*17) −7.0 [−14.0; −5.0], P < .001, as well as the results of TDM: ( CC) 250.70 [213.34; 308.53] ng/mL (*1/*17+*17/*17) 89.12 [53.26; 178.07] ng/mL, P < .001. Conclusion: Thus, our study enrolling 50 patients with AWS, showed the effects of CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety rates of diazepam. Furthermore, we revealed the statistically significant difference in the levels of plasma steady-state concentrations of diazepam in patients carrying different genotypes.

scholarly journals Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Zhengqing Fengtongning Combined with Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-min Chen ◽  
Run-yue Huang ◽  
Qing-chun Huang ◽  
Yong-liang Chu ◽  
Jing-yao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Tender Joint Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Better Than

Chinese medicines are gaining wider acceptance. They have been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for thousands of years, and the need to investigate the interaction between Chinese medicines and western medicines is widely recognized. In this study, a large number of RCTs and CCTs were analyzed to systematically assess the effects and adverse events of Zhengqing Fengtongning (ZQFTN) for RA. Eleven studies that contained 956 participants (508 in the treatment group; 448 in the control group) were included. The results showed that although ZQFTN combined with methotrexate MTX could not decrease the swollen joint count and tender joint count of RA patients better than MTX alone, the combination therapy might relieve the duration of morning stiffness (SMD: −16.06; 95% CI: −28.77 to −3.34), reduce laboratory indexes (RF: SMD: −10.84; 95% CI: −19.39 to −2.29; ESR: SMD: −7.26; 95% CI: −11.54 to −2.99; CRP: SMD: −3.66; 95% CI: −5.94 to −1.38), and improve the overall effect (RR: 1.08; CI: 1.01 to 1.16) better than monotherapy. The combination therapy was significantly better in controlling adverse drug reactions (RR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.79). Through this systematic review, we found that ZQFTN combined with MTX for the treatment of RA might have better clinical efficacy than MTX only and might be superior in terms of controlling adverse drug reactions.

scholarly journals Risperidone-induced adverse drug reactions and role of DRD2 (−141 C Ins/Del) and 5HTR2C (−759 C>T) genetic polymorphisms in patients with schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
DeepakGopal Shewade ◽  
CharanrajGoud Alladi ◽  
Anbarasan Mohan ◽  
RaviPhilip Rajkumar ◽  
Surendiran Adithan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy and Safety Profile of Lurasidone Comparing with Risperidone: Randomized, Open Label, Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
V. Sreedhar ◽  
L. Reddenna ◽  
T. Rajavardhana ◽  
J. Thippe Rudra ◽  
E. Pavan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

There are diverse studies which afford evidences that risperidone is as effective as second generation antipsychotics in treating positive symptoms and more effective in treatment of negative symptoms. This study is intended to find the clinical efficacy and safety profile of lurasidone comparing with risperidone, a drug in common use nowadays. Patients aged between 18 to 60yrs, Patients with new onset of symptoms who fulfil the ICD-10 criteria for a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia and Patients having a total PANSS score of ≥80 including a score ≥4 (moderate) on two or more of positive subscale at baseline. Patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia who remained drug free for at least last 6 months also included. Demographic data of the patients were collected. Baseline investigations like BP, complete blood count, lipid profile, blood sugar, renal function test and liver function test were done. Severity of schizophrenia at baseline was assessed using positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS). Patients were randomized by using computer generated random table in 1:1 ratio as group A and group B, with 25 patients in each group. The efficacy of group A and group B was analysed by applying rating scale Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) at the end of 4 and 6 weeks. Adverse drug reactions were recorded and monitored by interviewing with patients, by physical examination and also by necessary lab investigations at the end of 6 weeks. Patients were insisted to maintain a diary to note any new occurrence of adverse drug reactions in between the follow up period. Suspected adverse drug reactions were documented in predesigned reporting form. In PANSS positive scale both groups had significant decrease in PANSS score both at week 4 and week 6 (p<0.05). Lurasidone is as equally efficacious as risperidone in reducing PANSS score, but produces less metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects than risperidone.

scholarly journals Association of Drug Metabolic Enzyme Genetic Polymorphisms and Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients Receiving Rifapentine and Isoniazid Therapy for Latent Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Yen Yu ◽  
Shih-Ming Tsao ◽  
Wen-Ta Yang ◽  
Wei-Chang Huang ◽  
Ching-Hsiung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Weekly rifapentine and isoniazid therapy (3HP) is the most frequent treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, the association between major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug metabolic enzyme single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remains unclear. In this study, 377 participants who received the 3HP regimen were recruited and examined for genotyping of CYP5A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, and NAT2 SNPs. In our study, 184 participants (48.4%) developed ADRs. Moreover, CYP2C19 rs4986893 (TT vs. CC+CT, odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 2.231 [1.015–4.906]), CYP2E1 rs2070676 (CC vs. CG+GG, OR [95% CI]: 1.563 [1.022–2.389]), and CYP2E1 rs2515641 (CC vs. CT+TT, OR [95% CI]: 1.903 [1.250–2.898]) were associated with ADR development. In conclusion, CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 SNPs may provide useful information regarding ADRs in LTBI patients receiving the 3HP regimen.

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