scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale Using Categorical Data Methods: A Study in a Sample of University Attending Ethiopian Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 17 ◽  
pp. 893-903
Author(s):  
Md Dilshad Manzar ◽  
Ahmad H Alghadir ◽  
Shahnawaz Anwer ◽  
Mazen Alqahtani ◽  
Mohammed Salahuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Categorical Data ◽  
General Anxiety

The Prevalence of Comorbid Anxiety in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Cosoff ◽  
R. Julian Hafner
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Clinical Benefits

Objective: The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders in publically treated psychiatric inpatients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder. Method: Using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID), 100 consecutive inpatients with a psychotic disorder were examined for the presence or absence of an anxiety disorder. Questionnaire measures of phobias, obsessive-compulsive and general anxiety symptoms were also applied. Results: The prevalences of social phobia (17%), obsessiv-ompulsive disorder (13%) and generalised anxiety disorder in schizophrenia were relatively high, as were prevalences of obsessive-compulsive (30%) and panic disorder (15%) in bipolar disorder. The proportion of subjects with an anxiety disorder (4345%) was almost identical across the three psychoses, with some evidence of gender differences. Although self-ratings of overall psychiatric symptoms were significantly elevated in those with anxiety disorders, hospital admission rates were not. Conclusions: Almost none of those with anxíeGty disorders were being treated for them, primarily because the severity of the acute psychotic illness required full diagnostic and therapeutic attention. Patients were generally discharged as soon as their psychotic episode was resolved, with little recognition of the presence of an anxiety disorder. Given that anxiety disorders are relatively responsive to treatment, greater awareness of their comorbidity with psychosis should yield worthwhile clinical benefits.

Can levels of a general anxiety-prone cognitive style distinguish between various anxiety disorders?

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Starcevic ◽  
Peter Sammut ◽  
David Berle ◽  
Anthony Hannan ◽  
Denise Milicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
General Anxiety

scholarly journals ASSET: A new measure of Economic and Financial Literacy (Accepted at the European Journal of Psychological Assesment)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Folke ◽  
Jovana Gjorgjiovska ◽  
Alessandro Paul ◽  
Lea Jakob ◽  
Kai Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Mathematical Ability ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Literacy Research

Young adults increasingly require good financial literacy to make the most of the opportunities provided to them. Unfortunately, existing financial literacy measures that may assist with targeting interventions show low reliability, ceiling effects, and a high level of abstraction. To address this, we designed and assessed the psychometric properties of a new measure specifically targeting young people, the Assessment of Economic and Financial Literacy (ASSET). We find it has better overall validity, reliability, and predictive power than existing measures. Using ASSET, we find that mathematical ability, calculator use (an example of deliberative thinking), gender, and socioeconomic status are key predictors of financial literacy. We recommend this more robust tool for use in financial literacy research to assess implications for guiding major financial decisions amongst young people.

Anxiety disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Martin Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Smoke Detector ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Perceived Danger ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Level

Anxiety disorders comprise a group of syndromes that revolve around fear or worry elicited by specific situations and objects (i.e. phobias), or occurring independently of specific triggers (general anxiety disorder). They are accompanied by autonomic nervous system activation, including sweating, tachycardia, tremor, and nausea. Avoidance of the precipitating stimulus is typical. Anxiety disorders occur in response to perceived danger or threat. Accordingly, flight or freezing may follow. At the cognitive level, anxiety disorders are associated with increased uncertainty about future threats, and at the emotional level with feelings of uncontrollability and unpredictability. Like depression, anxiety disorders are concerned with harm avoidance and defence. Fear and anxiety are among the most common evolutionarily conserved emotions. Following the analogy of the smoke detector, thresholds for fear responses are low, which may explain why so many false alarms occur. Threshold-lowering factors include impending abandonment or the perception of social threat.

The Reasons for Living Inventory for Young Adults (RFL-YA-II)

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319111990024
Author(s):  
Saifa Pirani ◽  
Cheyenne Kulhanek ◽  
Katherine Wainwright ◽  
Augustine Osman
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Reasons For Living Inventory ◽  
Support Family

Suicide remains the second leading cause of death among young adults aged 15 years and older. Given its negative impact, it is essential to conduct studies that offer a greater understanding of the reasons young adults give for not engaging in suicide-related behaviors. The Reasons for Living Inventory for Young Adults is designed to explore this idea. This novel 24-item instrument measures four protective dimensions of reasons: Peer Acceptance and Support, Family Sources of Support, Faith-Related Support, and Personal Perceived Strength. The current investigations include two validation studies designed to examine further the psychometric properties of this instrument. Participants were undergraduate students at a state university in the U.S. Southwest. The first aim of the study was to evaluate the dimensionality of the instrument. We used confirmatory and bifactor confirmatory factor analyses to address this goal. The second aim was to examine the evidence for reliability estimates and concurrent validity. Results from both studies provided adequate support for a four-factor model across methods, acceptable internal consistency reliability, and concurrent validity for the dimensions of this instrument. Public Significance Statement: Suicide remains a significant mental health concern for young adults. The present studies found empirical support for the psychometric properties of a new measure for assessing four dimensions of the target construct: Peer-Acceptance and Social Support, Family Sources of Support, Faith-Related Support, and Personal Perceived Strength.

Psychometric Properties of the Shipley Block Design Task: A Study With Jamaican Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alexander Beaujean ◽  
Darrell M. Hull ◽  
Yanyan Sheng ◽  
Frank C. Worrell ◽  
Judy Bolen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Design Task ◽  
Single Construct ◽  
Block Design Subtest

We examined the structure of the new Block Patterns (BP) test from the Shipley Institute of Living Scale–Second Edition in a sample of Jamaican young adults. To date, very little has been published on the properties of this subtest’s items and scores. The BP test is similar in design to the Block Design subtest found in many cognitive ability assessments but uses a matching format that minimizes the need for excess materials and time. We analyzed the BP items using item response theory (IRT) methods. Although designed to measure a single construct, the analyses from this study found that the BP subtest is likely measuring more than a single construct, which confounds the interpretation of the instrument’s scores. Before the subtest is used clinically, more research should be done to purposefully investigate the effects of ancillary variables on its scores.

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