scholarly journals White matter alterations related to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and COMT val158met polymorphism: children with valine homozygote attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder have altered white matter connectivity in the right cingulum (cingulate gyrus)

2016 ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Herken ◽  
Bürge Kabukçu Başay ◽  
Ahmet Büber ◽  
Ömer Başay ◽  
Hüseyin Alacam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Comt Val158met ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Val158met Polymorphism ◽  
The Right ◽  
White Matter Connectivity

scholarly journals White matter microstructure in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic tractography study in 654 individuals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christienne G. Damatac ◽  
Roselyne J. M. Chauvin ◽  
Marcel P. Zwiers ◽  
Daan van Rooij ◽  
Sophie E. A. Akkermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Probabilistic Tractography ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Symptom Measures

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity (HI). ADHD has been related to differences in white matter (WM) microstructure. However, much remains unclear regarding the nature of these WM differences, and which clinical aspects of ADHD they reflect. We systematically investigated if FA is associated with current and/or lifetime categorical diagnosis, impairment in daily life, and continuous ADHD symptom measures.MethodsDiffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were obtained from 654 participants (322 unaffected, 258 affected, 74 subthreshold; 7-29 years of age). We applied automated global probabilistic tractography on 18 major WM pathways. Linear mixed effects regression models were used to examine associations of clinical measures with overall brain and tract-specific fractional anisotropy (FA).ResultsThere were significant interactions of tract with all ADHD variables on FA. There were no significant associations of FA with current or lifetime diagnosis, nor with impairment. Lower FA in the right cingulum’s angular bundle (rCAB) was associated with higher hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom severity (PFWE=0.045). There were no significant effects for other tracts.ConclusionsThis is the first time global probabilistic tractography has been applied to an ADHD dataset of this size. We found no evidence for altered FA in association with ADHD diagnosis. Our findings indicate that associations of FA with ADHD are not uniformly distributed across WM tracts. Continuous symptom measures of ADHD may be more sensitive to FA than diagnostic categories. The rCAB in particular may play a role in symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

scholarly journals Study of white matter integrity in fathers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba H. ElShahawi ◽  
Safeya M. Effat ◽  
Eman M. Shorab ◽  
Hossam M. Sakr ◽  
Safaa E. Azab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that can extend into adulthood with multiple reported neuroimaging abnormalities. The focus of this research was to assess white matter impairments in ADHD children’s fathers with and without potential adult ADHD to see if these differences are connected with the persistence of ADHD into adulthood. Results The occurrence rate of the potential adult ADHD diagnosis among fathers of children with ADHD was 60%. There were statistically significant differences between fathers with ADHD and the non-ADHD population, due to the fact that the mean FA of the left superior corona radiata and the right posterior corona radiata were lower in the ADHD group than in the non-ADHD group, while the FA of the ADHD group was significantly greater than that of the non-ADHD group in terms of the left and right anterior thalamic radiations, the right superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left anterior corona radiata. Conclusions We observed an increased prevalence of ADHD in fathers of children diagnosed with ADHD. Fathers with potential adult ADHD have a variety of white matter abnormalities that reflect the neurobiological basis of ADHD, even in sub-threshold cases. This may provide insight into the neuroanatomical locations associated with the maintenance of ADHD throughout adulthood.

scholarly journals Long-Range White Matter Microstructural Alterations in Drug-Naive Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghui Zhou ◽  
Peng Dong ◽  
Shuangli Chen ◽  
Andan Qian ◽  
Jiejie Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Microstructural changes might underlie white matter (WM) pathology in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To investigate WM alterations, particularly the changes in long-range fibers, in drug-naive children with ADHD, we conducted tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. Materials and Methods In this study, 57 children with ADHD and 41 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. None of the enrolled ADHD children received any medication before data collection. The difference in fractional anisotropy (FA), and in mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) between both groups were calculated using TBSS. WM changes were then correlated with clinical symptoms, including the hyperactivity index score and the impulsivity score. Results Whole-skeleton analysis identified several long-range fibers of decreased FA and increased RD in the ADHD group as compared to the HC group. ADHD children demonstrated decreased FA in the right corpus callosum (CC) splenium, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and intersection of the anterior and posterior internal capsule. Moreover, higher RD was observed in the right CC splenium, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and posterior corona radiata. No regions of increased FA or reduced RD were observed, and no differences in MD or AD were noted. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that microstructural WM alterations and changes in the long-range WM connections are present in children with ADHD. We speculate that these changes may relate to the symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

scholarly journals COMT genotype affects brain white matter pathways in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Beom Hong ◽  
Andrew Zalesky ◽  
Subin Park ◽  
Young-Hui Yang ◽  
Min-Hyeon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Comt Genotype ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Brain White Matter

Abnormal asymmetry in frontostriatal white matter in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Silk ◽  
Veronika Vilgis ◽  
Chris Adamson ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Lisa Smit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals Comprehensive Examination of Frontal Regions in Boys and Girls with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mark Mahone ◽  
Marin E. Ranta ◽  
Deana Crocetti ◽  
Jessica O'Brien ◽  
Walter E. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Medial Pfc ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Girls With Adhd

AbstractThe current study examined regional frontal lobe volumes based on functionally relevant subdivisions in contemporaneously recruited samples of boys and girls with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Forty-four boys (21 ADHD, 23 control) and 42 girls (21 ADHD, 21 control), ages 8–13 years, participated. Sulcal–gyral landmarks were used to manually delimit functionally relevant regions within the frontal lobe: primary motor cortex, anterior cingulate, deep white matter, premotor regions [supplementary motor complex (SMC), frontal eye field, lateral premotor cortex (LPM)], and prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions [medial PFC, dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), inferior PFC, lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and medial OFC]. Compared to sex-matched controls, boys and girls with ADHD showed reduced volumes (gray and white matter) in the left SMC. Conversely, girls (but not boys) with ADHD showed reduced gray matter volume in left LPM; while boys (but not girls) with ADHD showed reduced white matter volume in left medial PFC. Reduced left SMC gray matter volumes predicted increased go/no–go commission rate in children with ADHD. Reduced left LPM gray matter volumes predicted increased go/no–go variability, but only among girls with ADHD. Results highlight different patterns of anomalous frontal lobe development among boys and girls with ADHD beyond that detected by measuring whole lobar volumes. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1047–1057)

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