scholarly journals Role of the charge, carbon chain length, and content of surfactant on the skin penetration of meloxicam-loaded liposomes

2014 ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sureewan Duangjit ◽  
Praneet Opanasopit ◽  
Theerasak Rojanarata ◽  
Yasuko Obata ◽  
Kozo Takayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

The formation and destruction of pentenes during the combustion of pentane

1978 ◽  
Vol 364 (1716) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Reactivity Ratios ◽  
Direct Products ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quantitative Importance

Studies have been made of the quantitative rôle of pent-1-ene and pent-2-ene in the combustion of pentane at temperatures below 400°C. The present results show that, under these conditions, pentenes are initial and direct products of pentane combustion and pent-2-ene is the principal conjugate alkene formed [1- 14 C]Pent-1-ene and [2- 14 C]pent-2-ene have been synthesized and the combustion of pentane has also been investigated in the presence of small concentrations of these specifically labelled com­pounds; control experiments have shown that the pentenes, in the amounts added, do not interfere appreciably with the kinetics of pentane combustion. Measurements of the variation with time of the specific activities and concentrations of the pentenes enable the separate rates of formation and destruction of the conjugate alkenes to be determined. Hence it is possible to calculate the total quantities of these compounds formed at different stages of reaction and to show to what extent these are greater than the net amounts revealed by conventional analytical measurements; the differences are found to be most marked at small conversions. The reactivity ratios of pentane and the pentenes have also been determined. The rates of destruction of both pentenes are much greater than that of pentane; pent-2-ene is removed from the system roughly twice as fast as pent-1-ene. An important contrast between the behaviour of pentane and butane is that, between 300 and 400°C, but-1-ene is a much more abundant product than but-2-ene. However, with both alkanes, the relative amounts of the alk-1-enes formed become greater as the temperature is increased; indeed, the rate of formation of pent-1-ene considerably exceeds that of pent-2-ene at the instant of the passage of a strong cool flame. Comparison of the total amounts of conjugate alkenes formed from the two alkanes at 315°C shows that only ca . 30% of the pentane consumed is converted to pentenes, whereas nearly 75% of the butane which has reacted is converted to butenes. Thus there is clearly a sharp decrease in the quantitative importance of conjugate alkenes as the carbon chain length is increased from C 4 to C 5 . This suggests that the predominant reaction of pentyl radicals, under the conditions used, is to add on oxygen to form pentylperoxy radicals.

Ionic liquid-biosurfactant blends as effective dispersants for oil spills: Effect of carbon chain length and degree of saturation

2021 ◽  
pp. 117119
Author(s):  
Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah ◽  
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Masahiro Goto ◽  
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

Controlling the Secondary Assembly of Porous Anionic Uranyl-organic Polyhedra through Organic Cationic Templates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Zeng ◽  
Kong-qiu Hu ◽  
Zhi-wei Huang ◽  
Lei Mei ◽  
Xianghe Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Secondary Assembly

Herein, we report a new uranyl-organic polyhedron U4L4 (L=BTPCA) assembled from uranyl and a semirigid tritopic ligand. By adjusting the carbon chain length of the organic templates, two complexes can...

Effect of carbon chain length on biological activity of novel palladium (II) complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
En-Jun Gao ◽  
Hong Fu ◽  
Ming-Chang Zhu ◽  
Chi Ma ◽  
Shi-Kai Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length
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