scholarly journals Emergence and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harboring blaCTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamases causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in China

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Chunxiu Huo ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Yiheng Zhou ◽  
Yilin Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

scholarly journals Detection, identification and characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae in wastewater and salads marketed in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2746-2757
Author(s):  
Souleymane Soré ◽  
Yacouba Sawadogo ◽  
Juste Isidore Bonkoungou ◽  
Sephora P. Kaboré ◽  
Saidou Béogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) represent a threat for failure of empirical antibiotic therapy and are associated with high mortality, morbidity and expenses. The aims of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE and multidrug resistant enterobacteria (MDR), enterobacteria profil, investigate the associated resistance in wastewater and salads. After wastewater and salad sampling, enterobacteria was isoled on (EMB + 4μg / L cefotaxim). The stains of Enterobacteriaceae were identified by using biochemical methods and confirmed as ESBL by double-disc synergy test (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid with cefotaxime 30 μg, ceftazidime 30 μg and ceftriaxone 30 μg). Finally, the associated resistance was investigated by testing the susceptibility of the strains by the disc diffusion method. Global prevalence of ESBL-PE was 53.92% (95% CI: 48,2-59,5) (153/293), 61.11% from wastewater and 42.47% from salads. Major ESBL-E was Escherichia coli (73.44%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.88%). Resistance to the aminoglycoside , fluroquinolonones and sulfonamides classes were dominant, observed in 53,83%, 93,86% and 98,95% of the isolates, respectively. The frequence of MDR was hight to channel1 (32,40%) and channel2 (26,26%). This study reports very worrying results. There is an urgent need to develop measures to monitor the spread of these multidrug-resistant strains.Keywords: Wastewater, ESBL-PE, Salads, Ouagadougou.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli harbouring extended spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases genes at a tertiary hospital, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Maina ◽  
Gunturu Revathi ◽  
Andrew C. Whitelaw
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram negative rods are increasingly being reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular investigations play an important role, alongside other measures, in controlling nosocomial infections attributed to these organisms. This study aimed to determine the common extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases genes, and clonal relationship in MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Methods. Fifty-four MDR isolates collected at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi in the month of August 2012 formed the study. These were picked after an increase in the number of resistant strains during the said period was experienced. Results. blaCTXM was present in 41 (74%) of the isolates, while blaSHV was detected in 18 (33%) and blaTEM in 13 (24%) of the isolates. Nine (16.7%) of the isolates harboured all three ESBL genes and 8 (14.8%) harboured two. Eight of the isolates (all E. coli) had none of the ESBL genes tested. Two isolates harboured carbapenemases genotypes: one had blaNDM-1 and the other blaSPM. Sequencing matched CTXM-15 and TEM-1 genes in all the isolates harbouring blaCXTM and blaTEM respectively. However, there was diversity in blaSHV with SHV-11 and SHV-12 genes predominant. The isolates were non-clonal. Conclusions. The isolates mostly harboured blaCTX-M-15 while only a few had carbapenemases genes. Lack of clonality suggests these were the stable circulating strains at the time of the study.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and Metallo-Beta-Lactamase of Multi Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Causing Nosocomial Infections in Erbil City

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Sakar Bakr Smail ◽  
Kamal I. AL-OTRACHI
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Background: Resistance to broad‑spectrum beta‑lactams, mediated by extended‑spectrum beta‑lactamases, and metallo‑beta‑lactamase enzymes, is an increasing problem worldwide. The main aim is to study phenotypic characterization of extended‑spectrum beta‑lactamases and metallo‑beta‑lactamase multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Erbil City. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 Acinetobacter baumannii isolations were collected from patients of all age groups from clinical specimens sputum, blood, pus, wound swab, urine and body fluids (Pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid) collected from different medical wards and intensive care unit departments of hospitals in Erbil City for a period of one year from march 2018--march 2019. Isolates were tested for the presence of extended‑spectrum beta‑lactamases and metallo‑beta‑lactamase. Detection of extended‑spectrum beta‑lactamases was done by the combined disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, while metallo‑beta‑lactamase was detected by meropenem and imipenem combined with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disk method. Results: 25% (28) Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were positive for extended‑spectrum beta‑lactamases, while 100 % (112) were metallo‑beta‑lactamase producers. Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii is becoming a global medical challenge due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance. Newer beta lactamase is a matter of concern as they are developing rapidly and lead to treatment failure. Carbapenems are known to be effective therapeutic agents for Acinetobacter baumannii infections and its resistance limits the use to polymyxins and colistin. Several new medicines are still in research and combination of drug therapy is being currently used in the hospitals together with ours to treat multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections.

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