scholarly journals Gas chromatographic and antimicrobial analyses of phenolic compounds in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Funmilayo Adelowo ◽  
Oluwole Oladeji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Senna Alata

This present work is aimed at determining the chemical components in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae), that contains a large array of phenolic compounds which make it useful as antifungal and antibacterial. Despite a notable success in the recent researches, yet, the quantification of the chemical components has not been actually specified. There is a claim by local people that S. alata can cure fungi and bacteria related diseases. Therefore, there is a need to ascertain this claim by examining the bioactive components present in the plant. The Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis was performed using a Clarus 500 Perkin Elmer gas chromatography equipped with an Elite-5 capillary column with the addition of an absolute alcohol. The antimicrobial analysis was carried out using Agar Disc Diffusion Method. In the GC chromatogram, four prominent peaks were observed in leaf chromatogram, three peaks in flower chromatogram and five peaks in fruit chromatogram, respectively. The flower contained the highest amount of cinnamic acid (52.91%) and the fruit contained the least (17.03%). The presence of some bioactive metabolites could be responsible for the observed antifungal and antibacterial activities on the susceptible organisms studied. It could be concluded that this plant is natural sources of antimicrobial substances of high importance and are useful in chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Mass spectroscopic and phytochemical screening of phenolic compounds in the leaf extract of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Oluwole Oladeji ◽  
Funmilayo Enitan Adelowo ◽  
Kehinde Abraham Odelade
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Molecular Ions ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Senna Alata

Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae) is a medicinal plant basically used as antifungal and sometimes as antibacterial. Local people believe it is the amount of the plant consumed that constitutes to its potency, other believe it is the incantation thereby disregarding the bioactive components present in the leaf of S. alata. Therefore, there is a need to examine this claim by examining the bioactive components that are present in the plant. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts were obtained using soxhlet apparatus and the concentrated extracts were purified using column chromatography; the fractions were eluted and screened for their phytochemical and the mass spectroscopic analysis was performed using a mass spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity was carried out using agar disc diffusion method. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of important secondary metabolites such as anthraquinone, flavonoid and saponins while steroids was absent in the leaf extracts. The molecular ions of 250, 250, and 222 were obtained from the mass spectra. This showed the presence of methaqualone, cinnamic acid and isoquinoline. Ethanolic extracts showed a higher antimicrobial activity when compared with the methanolic extracts but less activity when compared with the standard used (amoxicillin). It could be concluded that the presence of these phytochemicals could be responsible for the observed antifungal and antibacterial activities on the susceptible organisms studied of the plant and also can be a natural source of antimicrobial substances of high importance.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antitumor activities of the red propolis Alagoas

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. G. Silva ◽  
T. M. S. Matias ◽  
L. I. O. Souza ◽  
T. J. Matos-Rocha ◽  
S. A. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Method

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, toxicity and phytochemical screening of the Red Propolis Alagoas. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method. Determination of antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH assay (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FTC (ferric thiocyanate) and determination of phenolic compounds by Follin method. Toxicity was performed by the method of Artemia salina and cytotoxicity by MTT method. The phytochemical screening for the detection of allelochemicals was performed. The ethanol extract of propolis of Alagoas showed significant results for antimicrobial activity, and inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida krusei. The antioxidant activity of the FTC method was 80% to 108.3% hydrogen peroxide kidnapping, the DPPH method showed an EC50 3.97 mg/mL, the content of total phenolic compounds was determined by calibration curve gallic acid, resulting from 0.0005 mg/100 g of gallic acid equivalent. The extract was non-toxic by A. salina method. The propolis extract showed high activity with a higher percentage than 75% inhibition of tumor cells OVCAR-8, SF-295 and HCT116. Chemical constituents were observed as flavonones, xanthones, flavonols, and Chalcones Auronas, Catechins and leucoanthocyanidins. It is concluded that the extract can be tested is considered a potential source of bioactive metabolites.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties for Ginkgo biloba and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) from Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI ◽  
Mona H. BADAWI
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Agar Disc

The widespread use of medicinal plants for health purposes has increased dramatically due to their great importance to the public health. In this study levels of phenolic, flavonoid contents of Ginkgo biloba and Rosmarinus officinalis from Egypt were determined. HPLC was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in selected plants. The plant extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using various antioxidant methodologies, (i) scavenging of free radicals using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, (ii) metal ion chelating capacity, and (iii) scavenging of superoxide anion radical. The antimicrobial activity of both plant’s extracts were evaluated against a panel of microorganisms by using agar disc diffusion method. The total phenolic content (75.30 and 98.31 mg/g dry weight in G. biloba and R. officinalis, respectively) was significantly (p<0.05) different. Among the identified phenolic compounds, quercetin, kaempferol and caffeic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba, whereas carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, narinigen and hispidulin were the predominant phenolic compound in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves. The antioxidant activity increased with the concentration increase. The R. officinalis was more active than G. biloba extract against Gram-negative bacteria. This study reveals that the consumption of these plants would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Development of Castor Oil Based Poly(urethane-esteramide)/TiO2Nanocomposites as Anticorrosive and Antimicrobial Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rafi Shaik ◽  
Manawwer Alam ◽  
Naser M. Alandis
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Castor oil based polyesteramide (CPEA) resin has been successfully synthesized by the condensation polymerization of N-N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) castor oil fatty amide (HECA) with terephthalic acid and further modified with different percentages of 7, 9, 11, and 13 wt.% of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) to obtain poly(urethane-esteramide) (UCPEA), via addition polymerization. TiO2(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 wt%) nanoparticles were dispersed in UCPEA resin. The structural elucidation of HECA, CPEA, and UCPEA has been carried out using FT-IR,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques while physicochemical and physicomechanical properties were investigated by standard methods. Thermal stability and molecular weight of UCPEA have been assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of UCPEA coatings on mild steel has been investigated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements in different corrosive environments (3.5 wt% HCl, 5 wt% NaCl, 3.5 wt% NaOH, and tap water) at room temperature and surface analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The antibacterial activities of the UCPEA were tested against bacteria and fungi by agar disc diffusion method. The results of this study have revealed that UCPEA nanocomposite coatings exhibit good physicomechanical, anticorrosion and antimicrobial properties, which can be safely used up to 200°C.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF ANDROGRAPHIS SERPYLLIFOLIA METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 343-347
Author(s):  
MADHANKUMAR R ◽  
MURUGESAN S
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Objective: The present study is to evaluate the preliminary study of phytochemical screening and biological applications of Andrographis serpyllifolia methanol leaf extracts. Methods: The methanol leaf extracts of A. serpyllifolia was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus and the extract was analyzed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase. Further, the antibacterial activity of methanolic leaf extract of A. serpyllifolia was tested against various human pathogens by using agar disc diffusion method. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening and GC-MS results revealed phenols, aromatic carboxylic acids, and esters in the chloroform extract to be the molecules responsible for the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of A. serpyllifolia methanol extract and fractions showed the presence of various secondary metabolites present. Conclusion: The present study strongly recommended that the methanolic extract of A. serpyllifolia leaves possesses compounds that inhibit the growth of microbes as wells excellent antioxidant activities. The study further suggested the potential therapeutic use of these extract in cancer study.

scholarly journals Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of flavonoids and total phenolics in methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Solomon Oluwole Oladeji
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Senna Alata

Herbal medicine has proved as a major source of therapeutic agents. They have been used to combat bacterial and fungal related infections and diseases. People depend on medicinal plants such as Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae) without the knowledge of the chemical composition of the plant. Therefore, there is a need to examine the bioactive components that are present in S. alata. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts were obtained using soxhlet apparatus and the concentrated extracts were purified using column chromatography. The fractions were eluted and investigated for the presence of total flavonoids and phenolics. The values of thin-layer chromatographic analysis for the leaf, flower and fruit extracts of S. alata when compared to gallic acid and quercetrin (standard) showed that the fractions contained a chemical component in the class of gallic acid and quercetrin, respectively. The presence of total phenolic and flavonoids could be responsible for the observed antifungal and antibacterial activities of the plant. It could be concluded that this plant is a natural source of antimicrobial substances of high importance and are useful in antiseptic and disinfectant formulation as well as in chemotherapy.

Chemical Components and Antimicrobial Activities of Tea Tree Hydrosol and Their Correlation With Tea Tree Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110383
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Li ◽  
Dan Shen ◽  
Qiushuang Zang ◽  
Yan Qiu ◽  
Xuedong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Paper Disc

Tea tree hydrosol (TTH) is the aqueous phase of the distillate from the steam distillation process of the twigs and leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia. In this study, the chemical components of TTH were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The major components were terpenoids (1.53 mg/mL), including monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. The antibacterial activity of TTH was assessed by paper disc agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. Terpinen-4-ol (MIC: 0.31-0.62 mg/mL), 2- endo-hydroxy-1,8-cineole (MIC: 1.25-2.50 mg/mL) and p-menth-3-ene-1,2-diol (MIC: 0.62-2.50 mg/mL) were the main antibacterial components of TTH. The results showed that the major components of TTH and tea tree oil (TTO) had the same parent structures, but different degrees of oxidation. Terpinen-4-ol was the most abundant component in both TTH (624.2 μg/mL) and TTO (35-48%), and played a major role in antibacterial activities. This is the first report on the chemical components and antibacterial activities of TTH and their correlation with TTO, which demonstrates the potential application of TTH as a natural antimicrobial agent in health care products.

scholarly journals Analysis of Chemical Components and Antibacterial Activity in Essential Oil of Lantana Flowers (Lantana Camara L)

Biomedika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Yulia Shara Sembiring ◽  
Cut Fatimah Zuhra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the essential oil composition as well as antibacterial activities of essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers against four bacterial strains. Essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers was obtained by hydrodistillation method using Sthal and analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial activities of essential oil were tested by using disk diffusion method against four bacterial strains. Results showed  72 compounds for Lantana flowers essential oil, of which caryophyllene   (10,87%),   davanone   (9.84%),   a-humulene   (7.59%),   a-curcumene (3.35%), germacrene D (3.09%), calarene (2.42%), a-muurolene (2.27%), p-cymene (1.79%), 1,8 cineole (1.59%) , δ-cadinene (1.59%), a-copaene (1.12%), nerolidol B (1%) and ß-ocimene (0.54%) were detected as major components. Antibacterial activity assay of Lantana camara L flowers essential oil was examined against four bacterial strains including Gram (+and-) by using disk diffusion agar method. All the tested Gram (+and-) bacterial strains displayed slight to moderate antibacterial activity (7 – 10 mm) against all concentrations of essential oil. The essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers showed remarkable antibacterial activity with inhibition in concentrations of 10% and 20% against the phatogen bacterias Basillus subtilis (9.6 mm; 10.8 mm), Propionibacterium acnes ( 7.6 mm; 8.7 mm), Eschechia coli ( 8.4 mm ; 9.6 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 8.3 mm ; 9.3 mm) showed from zone of inhibition that was formed, zone of inhibition in concentration 20% was bigger than concentration 10%.

Antibacterial activity of the phenolic extract of wild virgin olive oil in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalida Bouarroudj-Hamici ◽  
Soraya Mettouchi ◽  
Lynda Medjkouh-Rezzak ◽  
Romain Larbat ◽  
Abderezak Tamendjari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Agar Disc

Background: The olive tree (Olea europaea L.), the most widespread plant species in the Mediterranean basin, includes two forms: cultivated (var Europaea) and wild (var Sylvestris). Wild olive trees or oleasters cover large areas in Algeria. It has been shown that oil from oleaster has a higher content of phenolic compounds, which could have antimicrobial properties. Objective:: The objective of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts from four Algerian oleaster oils and an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from Chemlal variety. Methods: Phenolic compounds were determined by UHPLC-MS. Antibacterial activity was tested against six referenced human enteropathogenic bacteria by the agar disc diffusion method by measuring the diameters of the zone of inhibition. Results: The results revealed a similarity between the phenolic composition of oleasters 1 and 3 and between oleaster 4 and EVOO; however, the phenolic composition of oleaster 2 that the poorer was markedly different with a higher content of free phenolic alcohols and lower in secoiridoids.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting of Soil-Derived Actinobacteria Along the Alar-Hotan Desert Highway in the Taklamakan Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaowei Liu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Qinpei Lu ◽  
Feina Li ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Taklamakan Desert ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Desert Highway

Taklamakan desert is known as the largest dunefield in China and as the second largest shifting sand desert in the world. Although with long history and glorious culture, the Taklamakan desert remains largely unexplored and numerous microorganisms have not been harvested in culture or taxonomically identified yet. The main objective of this study is to explore the diversity, novelty, and pharmacological potential of the cultivable actinomycetes from soil samples at various sites along the Alar-Hotan desert highway in the Taklamakan desert. A total of 590 actinobacterial strains were recovered by the culture-dependent approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences unveiled a significant level of actinobacterial diversity with 55 genera distributed in 27 families of 12 orders. Thirty-six strains showed relatively low 16S rRNA similarities (&lt;98.65%) with validly described species, among which four strains had already been characterized as novel taxa by our previous research. One hundred and forty-six actinobacterial isolates were selected as representatives to evaluate the antibacterial activities and mechanism of action by the paper-disk diffusion method and a double fluorescent protein reporter “pDualrep2” system, respectively. A total of 61 isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against the tested “ESKAPE” pathogens, among which seven strains could produce bioactive metabolites either to be able to block translation machinery or to induce SOS-response in the pDualrep2 system. Notably, Saccharothrix sp. 16Sb2-4, harboring a promising antibacterial potential with the mechanism of interfering with protein translation, was analyzed in detail to gain deeper insights into its bioactive metabolites. Through ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight (QToF)-MS/MS based molecular networking analysis and databases identification, four families of compounds (1–16) were putatively identified. Subsequent bioassay-guided separation resulted in purification of four 16-membered macrolide antibiotics, aldgamycin H (8), aldgamycin K (9), aldgamycin G (10), and swalpamycin B (11), and their structures were elucidated by HR-electrospray ionization source (ESI)-MS and NMR spectroscopy. All compounds 8–11 displayed antibacterial activities by inhibiting protein synthesis in the pDualrep2 system. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that Taklamakan desert is a potentially unique reservoir of versatile actinobacteria, which can be a promising source for discovery of novel species and diverse bioactive compounds.

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