scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Digestibility of Crude Fiber and Gross Energy, and Metabolizable Energy of Whole Paddy Rice of Momiroman

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janjira Sittiya ◽  
Koh-en Yamauchi ◽  
Masahiro Morokuma
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Gross Energy

scholarly journals Prediction of metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal for broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Jorge Victor Ludke ◽  
Michele Bernardino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Gross Energy

This research aimed at generating and evaluating prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal. The used information refers to values of apparent and true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn and TMEn) and for chemical composition of poultry offal meal. The literature review only included published papers on poultry offal meal developed in Brazil, and that had AMEn and TMEn values obtained by the total excreta collection method from growing broiler chickens and the chemical composition in crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The general equation obtained to estimate AMEn values of poultry offal meal was: AMEn = -2315.69 + 31.4439(CP) + 29.7697(MM) + 0.7689(GE) - 49.3611(Ca), R² = 72%. For meals with high fat contents (higher than 15%) and low mineral matter contents (lower than 10%), it is suggest the use of the equation AMEn = + 3245.07 + 46.8428(EE), R² = 76%, and for meals with high mineral matter content (higher than 10%), it is suggest the equations AMEn = 4059.15 - 440.397(P), R² = 82%. To estimate values of TMEn, it is suggested for meals with high mineral matter content the equation: TMEn = 5092.57 - 115.647(MM), R² = 78%, and for those with low contents of this component, the option is the equation: TMEn = 3617.83 - 15.7988(CP) - 18.2323(EE) - 96.3884(MM) + 0.4874(GE), R² = 76%.

scholarly journals Correlation between chemical composition, EHGE and TME of corn for ducks

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.J. Chen ◽  
Z.Y. Wang ◽  
C.G. Du ◽  
Z.L. Qi ◽  
Y.Q. Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysate ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cherry Valley Duck ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Total Starch

Correlations between chemical composition, enzymatic hydrolysate gross energy (EHGE), and true metabolizable energy (TME) of corn for ducks were investigated. Twenty-two corn samples were collected from various regions in 11 provinces of China. The crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), Ash, gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), amylopectin (AP), amylose (AM), total starch (TS), and AP/AM were determined for each sample. Five of the samples of corn were chosen at the mean, mean ± 1 standard deviation (SD), and mean ± 2 SD based on AP/AM. The EHGE of these samples was analysed using the pepsin-artificial small intestinal fluid enzymatic method. These five samples were also force-fed to male Cherry Valley ducks to assay their TME. Finally, correlation analyses were performed, and regression equations were established. Ash content, GE, and TS were highly related to EHGE. Univariate prediction equations were EHGE = 11.8566Ash-0.0421 (P <0.05), EHGE = 0.1535GE1.5642 (P <0.05), and EHGE = 0.1020TS1.1561 (P <0.05). The total starch, AP/AM, and ash of the chemical compositions were highly related to TME. The corresponding univariate regression equations were TME = 21.9355TS-0.0910 (P <0.05), TME = 15.6590AP/AM-0.0559 (P <0.05), and TME = 15.0778Ash0.0442 (P <0.05). The mean EHGE was equivalent to 78.5% of TME, but their correlation coefficient was low. In conclusion, chemical composition was predictive of EHGE and TME of corn samples for ducks, but the correlation of EHGE and TME was low Keywords: Cherry Valley duck, amylopectin, amylose, true metabolizable energy

scholarly journals THE RELATION OF METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUES TO CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHEAT AND BARLEY FOR CHICKS, TURKEYS AND ROOSTERS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. COATES ◽  
S. J. SLINGER ◽  
G. C. ASHTON ◽  
H. S. BAYLEY
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Predicted Values

Six separate regression equations have been calculated to relate the metabolizable energy (ME) value of 16 samples of wheat and 16 samples of barley, determined with young chicks, growing turkeys and adult roosters, to their chemical composition. The simplest equation accounted for 83% of the variation in the mean ME values of the barley samples determined with chicks merely by using the crude fiber level in the barley. The prediction equation for the ME values of the barleys for the turkeys included crude fiber, crude protein and ash. In the case of the wheat, the prediction equations used crude fiber, crude protein, ash, fat, nitrogen-free extract and selenium, although selenium could be eliminated without great loss of precision for wheat samples with less than 1.32 ppm selenium. Nitrogen-free extract as a measure of available carbohydrate gave higher coefficients of determination to the regression equations than more specific assays of starch and sugar. The ME values estimated in the present study were compared with those estimated by applying prediction equations published earlier by a number of other workers. These equations fell into two groups: those designed to predict the ME values of individual feeds, and those designed to predict the ME values of a whole range of feeds and mixed diets. There was better agreement between the predicted values from the first group of equations and the observed values for the wheats and barleys than for the ME values predicted by the more general equations. However, even the equations specifically developed for wheats underestimated the ME values of the wheat samples determined with roosters, and it is suggested that there may be merit in developing prediction equations for each feed for use with each class of poultry.

Energy losses in the excreta of poultry: a model for predicting dietary metabolizable energy

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Moir ◽  
WJ Yule ◽  
JK Connor
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Bomb Calorimetry ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Poultry Diets

Twenty-four poultry diets with gross energy values ranging from 18.43 to 21.54 MJ kg-1 DM were fed to chickens using a standard metabolizable energy (ME) assay procedure. Gross energy as determined by bomb calorimetry was significantly related to gross energy as calculated from chemical composition (protein, fat, and carbohydrate), with an RSD of � 0.25 MJ kg-1 DM. Energy loss via faeces and urine (range 4.1 1 to 5.91 MJ kg-1 diet DM) was significantly related to crude fibre expressed as a percentage of the total dietary carbohydrate (range 3.7 to 8.6). The RSD was � 0.29 MJ. By treating the components of ME (gross energy and energy loss) separately, bias of biological origin was separated from random error in the prediction of ME from chemical composition.

scholarly journals Prediction equations for digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in feed ingredients and diets for pigs based on chemical composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
Jung Yeol Sung ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Gross Energy

Objective: The objectives were to develop prediction equations for digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of feed ingredients and diets for pigs based on chemical composition and to evaluate the accuracy of the equations using <i>in vivo</i> data.Methods: A total of 734 data points from 81 experiments were employed to develop prediction equations for DE and ME in feed ingredients and diets. The CORR procedure of SAS was used to determine correlation coefficients between chemical components and energy concentrations and the REG procedure was used to generate prediction equations. Developed equations were tested for the accuracy according to the regression analysis using <i>in vivo</i> data.Results: The DE and ME in feed ingredients and diets were most negatively correlated with acid detergent fiber or neutral detergent fiber (NDF; r = –0.46 to r = –0.67; p<0.05). Three prediction equations for feed ingredients reflected <i>in vivo</i> data well as follows: DE = 728+0.76×gross energy (GE)–25.18×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.64); ME = 965+0.66×GE–24.62×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.60); ME = 1,133+0.65×GE–29.05×ash–23.17×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.67).Conclusion: In conclusion, the equations suggested in the current study would predict energy concentration in feed ingredients and diets.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and energetic values of wheat and its sub-products for broiler chicken

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 3481
Author(s):  
Jomara Broch ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Jeffersson Rafael Henz ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

<p>The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AME corrected by nitrogen retention (AMEn) and metabolization coefficients (MC and MCn) of different feeds for broilers from the western region of Paraná State. The experiment was conducted at the Physiology of Birds Laboratory at UNIOESTE. Two hundred and sixty male chicks of the Cobb 500 strain, at 21 days old, were distributed in a randomized design with 12 treatments and four replicates of five birds per experimental unit. The feed ingredients studied were ten different wheat middlings, one triticale, one wheat grain and a reference diet. Values for dry matter, nitrogen, gross energy, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, mineral matter, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and magnesium composition were determined as well as the geometric mean diameter of the feed particles. To determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) the total excreta collection method was used with growing birds. The chemical composition of the feeds was variable. The values for AME and AMEn ranged from 1. 819-2. 958 and 1. 734-2. 882 kcal. kg-1, respectively. Based on these energetic values and the values for gross energy, the coefficients of metabolizability were calculated. The values ranged from 43. 26-75. 24% for MC and from 42. 28- 73. 31% for MCn.</p>

Chemical composition, nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy of germinated paddy rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
W. Likittrakulwong ◽  
K. Srikaeo ◽  
P. Poolprasert ◽  
N. Laorodphan ◽  
T. Incharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Metabolizable Energy

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in Chemical Composition, In Vitro Digestibility, and Metabolizable Energy of Plant Species Browsed by Goats in Southern Mediterranean Forest Rangeland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Youssef Chebli ◽  
Samira El Otmani ◽  
Mouad Chentouf ◽  
Jean-Luc Hornick ◽  
Jean-François Cabaraux
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mediterranean Forest ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Forest rangelands contribute largely to goat diets in the Mediterranean area. Information about browsed plant quality is essential for adequate feeding management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal changes in chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the main plant species selected by goats in the Southern Mediterranean forest rangeland during two consecutive years; these were very contrasted (dry and wet). The browsed species were composed of herbaceous, eleven shrubs, and four tree species. Overall, large variability in chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) was observed among species, grazing season (spring, summer, and autumn), and years within each species. Crude protein (CP) content varied from 60 to 240 g/kg dry matter (DM). The fiber fractions, except for Quercus suber, increased significantly by advancing maturity. Due to the water stress, the lignin level presented a higher value during the spring of the dry year. Condensed tannin (CT) content varied from 2 to 184 g/kg DM. CP, IVOMD, and ME showed a negative correlation with lignin and CT. Based on the results presented herein, it is concluded that the nutritive value of the browsed plant species was highest in the spring and lowest during the summer and autumn of both studied years. With a good grazing management strategy, the selected plant species by goats could guarantee high-quality feeding resources throughout the year.

Nutritional evaluation of wheat 1. Effects of preparation on digestibility of dry matter, energy and nitrogen in pigs

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ivan ◽  
L. R. Giles ◽  
A. R. Alimon ◽  
D. J. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Matter Energy ◽  
Plot Design

SUMMARY1. A split-plot design was used to study apparent digestibility of dry matter, gross energy and nitrogen of a whole grain wheat diet and processed (hammermilled, rolled or hammermilled and then steam-pelleted) wheat diets by eight small (33·9 ± 0·1 kg) and eight large (70±1·7 kg) pigs. Metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention were also studied with the small pigs.2. The processed wheat diets were superior to the whole grain wheat diet in all the parameters measured.3. There were no significant differences between the performance of pigs given the differently processed wheat diets.4. Apparent digestibility of dietary components particularly in the whole wheat diet was significantly higher when diets were given to small pigs than when given to large pigs.

The estimation of the nutritive value of feeds as energy sources for ruminants and the derivation of feeding systems

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Blaxter ◽  
A. W. Boyne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mitscherlich Equation ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Biological Concepts ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Feeding Systems

SUMMARYThe results of 80 calorimetric experiments with sheep and cattle, mostly conducted in Scotland, were analysed using a generalization of the Mitscherlich equation R = B(l–exp(–pG))–l, where R is daily energy retention and G daily gross energy intake, both scaled by dividing by the fasting metabolism. The relations between gross energy and metabolizable energy were also examined. Methods of fitting the Mitscherlich equation and the errors associated with it are presented.It is shown that the gross energy of the organic matter of feed can be estimated from proximate principles with an error of ±2·3% (coefficient of variation) and that provided different classes of feed are distinguished, the metabolizable energy of organic matter can be estimated from gross energy and crude fibre content with an error of ±6·9%. Parameters of the primary equation made with cattle agreed with those made with sheep and there was no evidence of non-proportionality of responses on substitution of feeds in mixtures.The efficiency of utilization of gross energy for maintenance and for body gain of energy was related to the metabolizability of gross energy and, in addition, to fibre or to protein content. Prediction equations are presented which describe these relationships.It is shown that the primary equation can be manipulated to express a number of biological concepts and that its two parameters B and p can be simply derived from estimates of the two efficiency terms for maintenance and production.The results are discussed in relation to the design of feeding systems for ruminant animals and to the derivation of optima in their feeding.

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