Regression-Based Tests of the Market Pricing of Accounting Numbers: The Mishkin Test and Ordinary Least Squares

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Kraft ◽  
Andrew J. Leone ◽  
Charles E. Wasley
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Market Pricing ◽  
Accounting Numbers

PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN BANK TERHADAP KINERJA UNIT USAHA SYARIAH PADA BANK DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Hafidzah Nurjannah ◽  
Yul Efnita ◽  
Eva Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh secara signifikan baik partial maupun simultan pada variabel kepemilikan bank, simpanan (DPK), rasio pinjaman terhadap simpanan (LDR) dan rasio kecukupan modal (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) pada bank yang memiliki Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS) baik itu pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) maupun Bank Swasta. Populasi dan sampel terdiri dari 24 UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) dan Bank Swasta. Dari ke 24 bank tersebut, hanya 18 bank yang dipilih menjadi sampel. Bank-bank tersebut adalah 7 Bank Swasta dan 11 Bank Pembangunan Daerah. Periode penelitian ini adalah 2010-2014. Data diambil dari laporan tahunan bank. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dan pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah lebih baik daripada Bank Swasta. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa faktor. Pertama, pinjaman hanya untuk pejabat pemerintah daerah di mana pembayaran pinjaman melalui pengurangan gaji, sehingga kemungkinan tidak dapat membayar pinjaman sangat rendah meskipun situasi ekonomi tidak stabil. Kedua, karena Bank Pembangunan Daerah menyediakan layanan hanya untuk lokal saja, sehingga memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang daerah tersebut. Sehingga akan memungkinkan nasabah menilai penerapan pinjaman dan mengidentifikasi pinjaman yang memenuhi syarat. Ketiga, kinerja Bank Pembangunan Daerah yang diawasi oleh pemerintah daerah lebih intensif. Kata Kunci : Hedging, Laverage, Cash Ratio, Firm Size, Bank Syariah.

The antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility discourse in Pakistan: Multiple theoretical perspectives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan Basheer ◽  
Saqib Muneer ◽  
Muhammad Atif ◽  
Zubair Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Corporate Social

The primary purpose of the study is to explore the antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibilities discourse practices in Pakistan. The industry sensitivity, government shareholding, block holder ownership, print media coverage, environmental monitoring programs, and strategic posture are examined as antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility practices. A multidimensional theoretical perspective namely stakeholder theory (ST), institutional theory (IT), agency theory (PAT), and legitimacy theory (LT) is used to conceptualize the phenomena. All the four of perspective theories (positive accounting theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and institutional theory) claim that there are ‘pressures’ that impact the organization. How much ‘pressures’ are recognized, managed or satisfied differs from one perspective of theory to the other. To estimate the data, this study uses three sets of panel data models, i.e., the pooled ordinary least squares model (POLS) or constant coefficients model, fixed effects (FEM or least squares dummy variable/LSDV model) and random-effects models. The final sample is comprising of 173 firms over eight years from 2011 to 2017. The firms listed in PSX are included in the sample. Overall the findings of the study have shown agreement with the proposed results. However, the study has provided more support to the institutional theory and stakeholder theory. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders Theory, Agency Theory, Pakistan

scholarly journals Analysis of the New Kuznets Relationship: Considering Emissions of Carbon, Methanol, and Nitrous Oxide Greenhouse Gases—Evidence from EU Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2907
Author(s):  
Mara Madaleno ◽  
Victor Moutinho
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Eu

Decreased greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are urgently needed in view of global health threat represented by climate change. The goal of this paper is to test the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, considering less common measures of environmental burden. For that, four different estimations are done, one considering total GHG emissions, and three more taking into account, individually, the three main GHG gases—carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane gas (CH4)—considering the oldest and most recent economies adhering to the EU27 (the EU 15 (Old Europe) and the EU 12 (New Europe)) separately. Using panel dynamic fixed effects (DFE), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) techniques, we validate the existence of a U-shaped relationship for all emission proxies considered, and groups of countries in the short-run. Some evidence of this effect also exists in the long-run. However, we were only able to validate the EKC hypothesis for the short-run in EU 12 under DOLS and the short and long-run using FMOLS. Confirmed is the fact that results are sensitive to models and measures adopted. Externalization of problems globally takes a longer period for national policies to correct, turning global measures harder and local environmental proxies more suitable to deeply explore the EKC hypothesis.

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