Legitimacy, Interest Group Pressures and Institutional Change: The Case of Foreign Investors and Host Country Governments

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold J. Henisz ◽  
Bennet A. Zelner
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Foreign Investors

Legal Safeguards in Egypt's Petroleum Concession Agreements

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-396
Author(s):  
Minas Khatchadourian
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Arbitration Clause ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company

This article deals with the concession contracts for the exploration and the production of oil and gas in Egypt. Such tripartite contracts are concluded between the Government of Egypt (GOE) as the host country, a National Oil Company (NOC) as the concession holder and an international oil company (IOC) as the foreign contractor who receives a part of the oil or gas production on a production sharing agreement (PSA). From an Egyptian legal perspective, this contract is qualified as a State contract which is supposed to give the Government some exorbitant powers towards its counterparts. However, in order to attract foreign investors into this kind of agreement and encourage international oil companies to explore natural resources, several legal safeguards are incorporated in the concession agreement. Examples of this include placing the contract in the framework of a legislative act, granting the contract a supremacy on any contrary legislation, stabilization clause, adaptation of the contract through renegotiation, arbitration clause, etc.

scholarly journals Pull and push factors as determinant of foreign portfolio investment in the emerging market

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Michael Ojo Oke ◽  
Adeola Oluwakemi Adejayan ◽  
Funsho Tajudeen Kolapo ◽  
Joseph Oluseye Mokuolu
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Portfolio Investment ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Foreign Portfolio Investment ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Inflation Rates

The study investigates the pull and push factors as determinants of foreign portfolio investment flows in the emerging market from 1986 to 2018. The study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound cointegration test and ARDL error correction model (ECM). This work is intended to explore the determinants of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in Nigeria and compare the result explored by Kaur and Dhillon (2010) in India. The result revealed that of all the explanatory variables, only MCAP, DMINT, REER, USGS and USINFR have a positive effect on FPI while GDPGR, USGDPGR, USGS and USINFR are significant. From the result of the analysis, the study agrees with Kaur and Dhillon (2010) that the host country gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates and the United States of America (the U.S.A.) inflation rates are among the significant pull and push factors that determine FPI flows in the long run. Based on these findings, the study recommends that economic policymakers in the host country should be more committed to strengthening its economy by boosting its GDP in order to push foreign investors to the economy since the dwindling in economic growth, low rate of return and rise in inflation rates of the developed countries such as the U.S.A. could push foreign investors to the emerging markets.

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