scholarly journals Dynamic Price Competition with Price Adjustment Costs and Product Differentiation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Vernasca
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Dynamic Price

scholarly journals Complexity Analysis of Prefabrication Contractors’ Dynamic Price Competition in Mega Projects with Different Competition Strategies

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Zhu ◽  
Qianqian Shi ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Zhaohan Sheng ◽  
Xiangyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Competition Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Price ◽  
Adjustment Strategy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Initial Capacity

This paper considers a repeated duopoly game of prefabrication contractors in mega infrastructure projects and assumes the contractors exhibit bounded rationality. Based on the theory of bifurcation of dynamical systems, a dynamic price competition model is constructed considering different competition strategies. Accordingly, the stability of the equilibrium point of the system is discussed considering different initial market capacities, and numerical simulation is performed. The results show the system has a unique equilibrium solution when initial capacity is high and the parameters meet certain conditions. The contractors’ price adjustment strategy has an important influence on system stability. However, an overly aggressive competition strategy is not conducive to system stability. Moreover, the system is sensitive to initial parameter values.

PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION IN SPA TOURISM AS A MAIN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Bashova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
The World

Development in the spa industry is going through difficulties caused by the world situation of tourism recovery. In days of compliance with anti-epidemic measures and social distance, the restoration of the spa offer will be based on innovative solutions for diversity in the spa services and products. This is the challenge of more enterprising and resourceful professionals in business to avoid the struggle for survival. One of their main fulcrums is reorientation towards non-price competition, which is based on the distinctive features of the product. Either it consists of innovative product design or mere market segmentation, product differentiation typically involves externalities across competitors, which clearly play an important role in firm's competitive incentives to invest in differentiation. The purpose of this report is through research and analysis of supply and development in spas, to prove the hypothesis that the diversity of spa products and services is fundamental to recovering in a highly competitive and further financially aggravated, current environment in tourism.

scholarly journals Competitive Effects of Mass Customization

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Loginova
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Mass Customization ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Consumer Involvement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Customized Products

Abstract The existing theoretical literature on mass customization maintains that customization reduces product differentiation and intensifies price competition. In contrast, operations management studies argue that customization serves primarily to differentiate a company from its competitors. Interactive involvement of the customer in product design creates an affective relationship with the firm, relaxing price competition. This paper provides a model that incorporates consumer involvement to explain the phenomena described in the operations management literature.Two firms on the Hotelling line compete for a continuum of consumers with heterogeneous brand preferences. An exogenously given fraction of consumers is potentially interested in customization. Consumer benefits from customization are the rewards from a special shopping experience and the value of product customization (a better fitting product); these benefits are higher for consumers located closer to the customizing brand. When a consumer purchases a customized product, he/she incurs waiting costs. Each firm simultaneously decides whether to offer standard products, customized products, or both, and then engage in price competition. I show that customization increases product differentiation, leading to less intense price competition. Depending on the parameter values, in equilibrium either both firms offer customized products, one firm offers customized products and the other standard and customized products, or one firm offers customized products and the other standard products. I perform comparative statics analysis with respect to the fraction of consumers interested in customization, the waiting costs, and the fixed cost of customization.

scholarly journals Complexity Analysis for Price Competition of Agricultural Products with Regional Brands

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Haolong Liu ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Xiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
Delayed Feedback ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Price Expectation ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Stability

The disordered price competition among various agricultural business agents leads to chaos of agricultural products’ prices, which makes it difficult for customers to form stable price expectation and correct brand cognition, restricting the sales of agricultural products with regional brands. Based on the Salop circular market model with bounded rationality and delayed feedback, this paper discusses the complexity in price competition of agricultural products with regional brands. It is found that when the price adjustment speed of agricultural business agents exceeds the stability region, the pricing system of agricultural products with regional brands would appear the phenomenon of periodic bifurcation or chaos. The delayed feedback controlling mechanism of price adjustment could make the pricing system in the chaos state turn to the equilibrium state. Therefore, the price fluctuation of agricultural products with regional brands needs reasonable control from the industrial associations and government departments.

scholarly journals Complex Characteristics of Multichannel Household Appliance Supply Chain with the Price Competition

Complexity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhai Ma ◽  
Wandong Lou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Domain Of Attraction ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
Stable Region ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Household Appliance ◽  
Internet Channel

This paper studies the complex characteristics caused by the price competition in multichannel household appliance supply chains. We consider a two-level household appliance supply chain system consisting of a manufacturer with an Internet channel and a retailer with a traditional channel and an Internet channel. Each channel’s price-setting follows the bounded rational decision process in order to obtain the optimal profit or more market share. Considering that the price competition often leads to the demand and order fluctuation, we also investigate the bullwhip effect of the multichannel supply chains on the basis of the order-up-to-inventory policy. From the numerical simulation, we find a system in a chaotic state will suffer larger bullwhip effect than a stable system, and the manufacturer’s Internet channel is helpful to mitigate the bullwhip effect. Our results provide some useful managerial inspirations for the household manufacturer and retailers. Firstly, each channel should make their retail price with a suitable price adjustment speed in the stable region, and each time pricing cannot exceed the domain of attraction. Secondly, the manufacturer can adopt a more radical pricing strategy in their Internet channel to mitigate the bullwhip effect. Thirdly, the price adjustment should be reviewed and be appropriately reduced if the price adjustment is too large.

Competitive Effects of Purchase-Based Targeted Advertising

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Zhang ◽  
Weijun Zhong ◽  
Shue Mei
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Targeted Advertising ◽  
Consumer Valuation ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Second Period

This paper develops a two-period sales model to investigate the competitive effects of purchase-based targeted advertising. In the model, two competing firms gain consumer information during the first period sales, which allows them to target advertising based on consumer purchase history. Advertising is assumed to be persuasive in terms of consumer valuation enhancing and product differentiation increasing. The authors find that the firm’s ability to target can damage industry profits, consumer surplus, and even social welfare. The conditions under which targeted advertising is positive or negative are derived, showing that price competition is softened in the second period but intensified in the first. It is suggested that firms under competitive environments cautiously sponsor targeted advertising with appropriate contents.

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