Industrial growth with poverty reduction and equity? Predictions from nighttime lights in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Otchia ◽  
Takahiro Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Nighttime Lights

scholarly journals Estimation and Mapping of Sub-National GDP in Uganda Using NPP-VIIRS Imagery

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuantong Wang ◽  
Mickey Rafa ◽  
Jonathan Moyer ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Jennifer Scheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Nighttime Lights ◽  
The World ◽  
Reduction Strategies

Uganda is one of the poorest nations in the world. It is important to obtain accurate, timely data on socio-economic characteristics sub-nationally, so as to target poverty reduction strategies to those most in need. Many studies have demonstrated that nighttime lights (NTL) can be used to measure human activities. Nevertheless, the methods developed from these studies (1) suffer from coarse resolutions, (2) fail to capture the nonlinearity and multi-scale variability of geospatial data, and (3) perform poorly for agriculture-dependent regions. This study proposes a new enhanced light intensity model (ELIM) to estimate the gross domestic product (GDP) for sub-national units within Uganda. This model is developed by combining the NTL data from the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS), the population data from the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL), and information on agricultural production and market prices across several commodity types. This resulted in a gridded dataset for Uganda’s GDP at sub-national levels, to capture the spatial heterogeneity in the economic activity.

scholarly journals COOPERATIVE SOCIETY AS AN ENTREPRENEURSHIP VEHICLE FOR ACTUALISING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: A CASE STUDY OF OSUN STATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Jiboye
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
National Development ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Development Goals

Studies have affirmed that restructuring for sustainable development is a process involving three essential elements; feasible industrial growth to fulfil basic socio-economic needs; ensuring maximum development of human resources and achieving greater socio justice through a more equitable income distribution. Unfortunately, none of these is satisfactorily manifesting in African nations. In Nigeria, unemployment rate is increasing among the youth and young graduates. Globally, cooperatives societies have become well appreciated as a strong vehicle for promoting economic empowerment particularly among the youth and other vulnerable and marginalised groups. This will be a vehicle to eradicate poverty among the youth thereby fulfilling the first Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). This study examined the contributions of cooperatives societies to poverty eradication among members and national development; investigated how cooperative societies can be better positioned to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria; and determined the factors affecting the performance of cooperatives in Nigeria. Two thousand Nine Hundred and seventy-two respondents from all 1,486 cooperative societies in Osun State were sampled. Result showed that cooperative societies have ability for economic significance, employment creation, income generation, poverty reduction, environmental sustainability and institutional capacity building. The paper concluded that cooperative societies, if well harnessed, could be used to make local entrepreneurs have access to finance and thereby eradicating poverty and so fulfil goal one of the sustainable development goals.

scholarly journals Agriculture, the Rural Sector, and Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-185
Author(s):  
Rob Vos
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Food System ◽  
Agrarian Change ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
East And Southeast Asia

Over the past sixty years, Asian countries have gone through rapid agricultural transformations helping to lift broader economic development. The change has differed in nature and speed across countries of the region. In much of East and Southeast Asia, agricultural productivity growth facilitated labour exit and savings transfers, which helped jump-start industrial growth and urbanization, which in turn induced deeper agrarian change and food system transformations. In South Asia, these transformative changes have lagged, in part because of structural hurdles to agrarian change. More recently, growth in South Asia has accelerated as many of those obstacles were overcome. Yet, challenges of widespread poverty and food insecurity remain in a context of advanced urbanization, changed dietary patterns, modernized agri-food systems, and environmental constraints. Consequently, the role and nature of agricultural transformations and structural change in forging growth and poverty reduction in still disadvantaged parts of Asia will need to be different.

scholarly journals Identification of Poverty Areas by Remote Sensing and Machine Learning: A Case Study in Guizhou, Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jian Yin ◽  
Yuanhong Qiu ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Nighttime Lights

As an objective social phenomenon, poverty has accompanied the vicissitudes of human society, which is a chronic dilemma hindering human civilization. Remote sensing data, such as nighttime lights imagery, provides abundant poverty-related information that can be related to poverty. However, it may be insufficient to rely merely on nighttime lights data, because poverty is a comprehensive problem, and poverty identification may be affected by topography, especially in some developing countries or regions where agriculture accounts for a large proportion. Therefore, some geographical features may be necessary for supplements. With the support of the random forest machine learning method, we extracted 23 spatial features base on remote sensing including nighttime lights data and geographical data, and carried out the poverty identification in Guizhou Province, China, since 2012. Compared with the identifications using support vector machines and the artificial neural network, random forest showed a better accuracy. The results supported that nighttime lights and geographical features are better than those only by nighttime lights features. From 2012 to 2019, the identified poor counties in Guizhou Province showed obvious dynamic spatiotemporal characteristics. The number of poor counties has decreased consistently and contiguous poverty-stricken areas have fragmented; the number of poor counties in the northeast and southwest regions decreased faster than other areas. The reduction in poverty probability exhibited a pattern of spreading from the central and northern regions to the periphery parts. The poverty reduction was relatively slow in areas with large slope and large topographic relief. When poor counties are adjacent to more non-poor counties, they can get rid of poverty easier. This study provides a method for feature selection and recognition of poor counties by remote sensing images and offers new insights into poverty identification and regional sustainable development for other developing countries and areas.

Production capacity of Russian industry: Potential of import Substitution and economic Growth

2015 ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zamaraev ◽  
T. Marshova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Current Level ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Capacity Structure ◽  
Idle Capacity

The article examines the state of production capacity of Russian industry. It is shown that in spite of certain positive shifts, the rate of technological modernization in recent years has been insufficient for marked progressive changes in the capacity structure and quality. In contrast to the industrial growth after the crisis of 1998 that took place in the presence of significant reserves of capacity, the current level of idle capacity is much lower. The lack of mass input of modern and high-tech industries objectively limits the possibilities of import substitution and economic growth.

Microfinance and poverty reduction - evidence from Latin America

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hege Gulli ◽  
Marguerite Berger
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Poverty Reduction
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