A Novel Cryogenic Technology for Low Cost Carbon Capture from Ngcc Power Plants for Climate Change Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip De ◽  
Idowu A. Oduniyi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cryogenic Technology ◽  
Change Mitigation

scholarly journals The climate change mitigation potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Hanssen ◽  
V. Daioglou ◽  
Z. J. N. Steinmann ◽  
J. C. Doelman ◽  
D. P. Van Vuuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

Future Alpine hydropower production: impacts of climate change, residual flow and technical optimization on Run-of-River power plants in Switzerland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Wechsler ◽  
Manfred Stähli ◽  
Massimiliano Zappa ◽  
Klaus Jorde ◽  
Bettina Schaefli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Residual Flow ◽  
Hydropower Production ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Run Of River

<p>In Switzerland, around 57 % of electricity is generated by hydropower (HP), whereof around 25 % are produced by run-of-river (RoR) power plants. This share is expected to only slightly increase in the context of the Swiss energy strategy 2050, by about 10 % (in total 38’600 GWh/a). Nevertheless, growing energy demand coupled to growing ecological awareness is catapulting hydropower into a position of great expectation and responsibility. In this context, the present research project proposes to assess the impact of climate change and of evolving environmental flow constraints on RoR production in Switzerland. The obtained results are compared to the production increase that could potentially be achieved by technical optimization.</p><p>To assess climate change impacts, daily runoff until the end of the century was calculated with the hydrological model PREVAH, using a total of 26 climate model chains in transient simulation from the new Swiss Climate Change Scenarios CH2018, corresponding to the two different CO<sub>2</sub> emission scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. Changes in HP generation under climate change are estimated for 11 RoR power plants based on differences in the flow duration curves (FDCs) between the reference period (1981-2010) and the future periods (2045–2074 and 2070–2099), assuming unchanged installed machinery and residual water flow requirements.</p><p>The changes in HP production from RoR power plants are due to changes in precipitation, temperature and evaporation, which in turn have a strong impact on the dominant hydrological processes (snow accumulation and melt, glacier melt and runoff production), and show important spatial and temporal differences. By mid-century (2045–2074) and under concerted mitigation efforts (RCP2.6), annual production will remain roughly the same as during the reference period. Production will decrease slightly (about -3 %) without climate change mitigation (RCP8.5). Exceptions are power plants which are strongly influenced by melt processes. Due to reduced snowfall and increased winter precipitation and ensuing higher winter streamflows, winter production will increase at almost all RoR power plants considered in this study by mid-century, by about 5 % on average.</p><p>By the end of the century (2070–2099), a slight decline of the annual production (-1.5 %) is to be expected under RCP2.6. Without climate change mitigation (RCP8.5), annual production will fall further (-7 %). Winter production will increase at virtually all studied RoR power plants. Depending on the emissions scenario, the average winter production increase will be between 5 % (RCP2.6) and 10 % (RCP8.5). However, this increase in winter production will not be sufficient to prevent annual production decline.</p><p>These climate change induced reductions of annual HP can be put into context by comparing the production losses that result from residual flow requirements. For the RoR power plants under consideration, compliance with legal constraints on residual flow rates, compared to no residual flow, means a difference of less than 4 %. We will discuss in detail the relevance of ecological constraints and of technical and thereby give a complete picture of emerging challenges and opportunities for Alpine hydropower production under climate and societal change.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Climate change mitigation potential of carbon capture and utilization in the chemical industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (23) ◽  
pp. 11187-11194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Kätelhön ◽  
Raoul Meys ◽  
Sarah Deutz ◽  
Sangwon Suh ◽  
André Bardow
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽  
Change Mitigation

Chemical production is set to become the single largest driver of global oil consumption by 2030. To reduce oil consumption and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, carbon dioxide can be captured from stacks or air and utilized as alternative carbon source for chemicals. Here, we show that carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has the technical potential to decouple chemical production from fossil resources, reducing annual GHG emissions by up to 3.5 Gt CO2-eq in 2030. Exploiting this potential, however, requires more than 18.1 PWh of low-carbon electricity, corresponding to 55% of the projected global electricity production in 2030. Most large-scale CCU technologies are found to be less efficient in reducing GHG emissions per unit low-carbon electricity when benchmarked to power-to-X efficiencies reported for other large-scale applications including electro-mobility (e-mobility) and heat pumps. Once and where these other demands are satisfied, CCU in the chemical industry could efficiently contribute to climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting wild South African microalgae as a potential third-generation biofuel feedstock, biological carbon-capture agent and for nutraceutical applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvis Kodzo Ahiahonu ◽  
William Wilson Anku ◽  
Ashira Roopnarain ◽  
Ezekiel Green ◽  
Penny Poomani Govender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Generation Biofuel ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractMicroalgae are among the few biological resources studied that are found to possess vast biotechnological potential. This study isolated, identified and investigated two wild green microalgal species with substantial potential as a bioresource and climate change mitigation importance. Two isolates, Chlorella sorokiniana and Tetradesmus reginae were cultivated in selected artificial media under laboratory conditions. The isolates were analysed for nutrient consumption, biomass productivity, CO2 biosequestration rate, elemental composition and fatty acid methyl profiles/composition. The outcome showed maximum daily biomass productivity of 0.128 ± 0.003 and 0.2 ± 0.004 g L−1 for C. sorokiniana and T. reginae, respectively. CO2 biosequestration rate of T. reginae was the highest among the isolates, indicating that it can act as a biological climate change mitigation agent. Moreover, T. reginae recorded a significantly higher (p < 0.05) total lipid and carbohydrate content than C. sorokiniana. The C/N ratio for T. reginae was significantly higher than the C/N ratio for C. sorokiniana. Tetradesmus reginae also demonstrated the ability to produce a considerable quantity of omega-3 oils; hence, the species is of nutraceutical importance. Furthermore, T. reginae demonstrated maximal carbohydrate content and is therefore considered a potential feedstock for bioethanol production. Chlorella sorokiniana, on the other hand, showed a remarkable (p < 0.05) protein content making it a potential source for human food and animal feed supplement. Finally, the two isolates met both European and American quality biodiesel standards with exceptional cetane (CN) and iodine numbers (IV).

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