Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants Induced by Natural Infection or Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Individual Data Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Chen ◽  
Zhiyuan Chen ◽  
Andrew S. Azman ◽  
Ruijia Sun ◽  
Wanying Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Individual Data

scholarly journals Prevalence and Incidence of Non-neutralizing Antibodies in Congenital Hemophilia A— A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abdi ◽  
M. R. Bordbar ◽  
S. Hassan ◽  
F. R. Rosendaal ◽  
J. G. van der Bom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Human Skeletal Muscle has Large Capacity to Increase Carnosine Content in Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation. A Systematic Review with Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Saffioti Rezende ◽  
Paul Swinton ◽  
Luana Farias de Oliveira ◽  
Rafa Pires da Silva ◽  
Vinicius Eira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aggregate Data ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Muscle Carnosine ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
Emax Model

ABSTRACTBeta-alanine (BA) supplementation increases muscle carnosine content (MCarn), and is ergogenic in many situations. Currently, many questions on the nature of the Mcarn response to supplementation are open, and the response to these has considerable potential to enhance the efficacy and applications of this supplementation strategy.ObjectiveTo conduct a Bayesian analysis of available data on the Mcarn response to BA supplementation.MethodsA systematic review with meta-analysis of individual and published aggregate data using a dose response (Emax) model was conducted. The protocol was designed according to PRISMA guidelines. A three-step screening strategy was undertaken to identify studies that measured the Mcarn response to BA supplementation. In addition, individual data from 5 separate studies conducted in the authors’ laboratory were analysed. Data were extracted from all controlled and uncontrolled supplementation studies conducted on healthy humans. Meta-regression was used to consider the influence of potential moderators (including dose, sex, age, baseline Mcarn and analysis method used) on the primary outcome.Results and ConclusionThe Emax model indicated that human skeletal muscle has large capacity for non-linear Mcarn accumulation, and that commonly used BA supplementation protocols may not come close to saturating muscle carnosine content. Neither baseline values, nor sex, appear to influence subsequent response to supplementation. Analysis of individual data indicated that Mcarn is relatively stable in the absence of intervention, and effectually all participants respond to BA supplementation (99.3% response [95%CrI: 96.2 – 100]).

scholarly journals Rewarming From Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest Applying Extracorporeal Life Support: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars J. Bjertnæs ◽  
Kristian Hindberg ◽  
Torvind O. Næsheim ◽  
Evgeny V. Suborov ◽  
Eirik Reierth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Male Sex

Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at comparing outcomes of rewarming after accidental hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or/and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Material and Methods: Literature searches were limited to references with an abstract in English, French or German. Additionally, we searched reference lists of included papers. Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. We assessed neurological outcome, differences in relative risks (RR) of surviving, as related to the applied rewarming technique, sex, asphyxia, and witnessed or unwitnessed HCA. We calculated hypothermia outcome prediction probability score after extracorporeal life support (HOPE) in patients in whom we found individual data. P < 0.05 considered significant.Results: Twenty-three case observation studies comprising 464 patients were included in a meta-analysis comparing outcomes of rewarming with CPB or/and ECMO. One-hundred-and-seventy-two patients (37%) survived to hospital discharge, 76 of 245 (31%) after CPB and 96 of 219 (44 %) after ECMO; 87 and 75%, respectively, had good neurological outcomes. Overall chance of surviving was 41% higher (P = 0.005) with ECMO as compared with CPB. A man and a woman had 46% (P = 0.043) and 31% (P = 0.115) higher chance, respectively, of surviving with ECMO as compared with CPB. Avalanche victims had the lowest chance of surviving, followed by drowning and people losing consciousness in cold environments. Assessed by logistic regression, asphyxia, unwitnessed HCA, male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH and high serum potassium (s-K+) levels were associated with reduced chance of surviving. In patients displaying individual data, overall mean predictive surviving probability (HOPE score; n = 134) was 33.9 ± 33.6% with no significant difference between ECMO and CPB-treated patients. We also surveyed 80 case reports with 96 victims of HCA, who underwent resuscitation with CPB or ECMO, without including them in the meta-analysis.Conclusions: The chance of surviving was significantly higher after rewarming with ECMO, as compared to CPB, and in patients with witnessed compared to unwitnessed HCA. Avalanche victims had the lowest probability of surviving. Male sex, high initial body temperature, low pH, and high s-K+ were factors associated with low surviving chances.

Changes in critically ill cancer patients’ short-term outcome over the last decades: results of systematic review with meta-analysis on individual data

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 977-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaël Darmon ◽  
Aurélie Bourmaud ◽  
Quentin Georges ◽  
Marcio Soares ◽  
Kyeongman Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Short Term Outcome

scholarly journals Trypanosomatid Infections among Vertebrates of Chile: A Systematic Review

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Juana P. Correa ◽  
Antonella Bacigalupo ◽  
Esteban Yefi-Quinteros ◽  
Gemma Rojo ◽  
Aldo Solari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Trypanosoma Lewisi ◽  
Analytical Tools

We present a review on the natural infection by trypanosomatids of nonhuman vertebrates in Chile, aiming to synthesize and update the knowledge on the diversity of trypanosomatids infecting native and alien vertebrate species. To this end, we conducted a systematic review of literature records published from 1900 to April 2020 on four databases, focusing on the 21 genera of trypanosomatids and Chile. The methods and findings of our review have been based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (prisma) checklist. We found 29,756 records but only 71 presented relevant information for this review. Overall, there are only two reported trypanosomatid genera infecting vertebrate species in Chile, the genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania. The former is mostly represented by Trypanosoma cruzi (90% of the total records) and to a much lesser extent by Trypanosoma avium, Trypanosoma humboldti, Trypanosoma lewisi, and a couple of unidentified trypanosomatids. A total of 25 mammals have been reported as being infected by T. cruzi, including 14 native and 11 alien species from Orders Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Chiroptera, Didelphimorphia, Lagomorpha, Perissodactyla, and Rodentia. Extensive screening studies using new analytical tools are necessary to grasp the whole potential diversity of trypanosomatid species infecting vertebrates in Chile.

scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines safety, tolerability, and efficacy among HIV-infected patients

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques JL Tamuzi ◽  
Ley M Muyaya ◽  
Amal Mitra ◽  
Peter Nyasulu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative

Objective To conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of all recommended SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) vaccines in people living with HIV (PLWH), as well as an overview of the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the vaccines in PLWH. Methods We searched six databases, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Medline, Medrxiv, Global research on COVID-19 database, and Google Scholar for studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on PLWH. Results of the association were summarised by SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversion and level, vaccines efficacy and tolerability. A meta-analysis was performed for studies, using random-effects model and a pooled RR with 95% CI was reported. Results Twenty-three of the 1052 studies screened met the inclusion criteria. The review included 28, 246 participants among whom 79.55% (22,469/28, 246) were PLWH with median CD4 >=200 cells/mm3. The pooled estimate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversion and positive neutralizing antibodies after the second vaccination dose between PLWH vs HIV negative were RR 0.95 (95%CI: 0.92 to 0.99, P = 0.006) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82 to 0.95, P = 0.0007), respectively. The mean difference of IgG antibodies level (BAU/ml) was found higher in mRNA vaccines MD -1444.97 (95%CI: -1871.39 to -1018.55). PLWH with CD4 less than 500 cells/mm3 had 15% risk reduction of neutralizing antibodies response compared to those with CD4>=500 cells/mm3 (P = 0.003). The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness was 65% (95%CI: 56% to 72%, P <0.001) among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated PLWH. PLWH with CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 had lower vaccine effectiveness compared to CD4 count >=350 cells/mm3 with 59% vs 72%, respectively. Vaccine tolerability was the same between PLWH and HIV negatives. Conclusion According to our findings, PLWH with CD4>=200 cells/mm3 had lower immunogenicity and antigenicity in COVID-19 vaccines than HIV negatives. Additional doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are needful in PLWH.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiological Studies on Japanese Encephalitis: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Suhada Ramli ◽  
Norayuni Mohd Ismail ◽  
Naeemah Zaini ◽  
Firdaus Hayati ◽  
Mohammad Saffree Jeffree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
National Immunisation ◽  
And Control

Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the major mosquito-borne infectious diseases in the Western Pacific region, accounting for 20-30% of mortality cases. The JE virus (JEV) seroprevalence fluctuations indicate that continuous research is important for prevention and control activities. By mapping JEV seroprevalence by age stratification, the population profile for immunity and susceptibility can be identified to aid in vaccination programme planning. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the trend of age-specific JEV seroprevalence. Method Systematic search was conducted on all studies conducted on JEV seroprevalence between the years 2010 until 2019. The two search engines used were PubMed and Web of Science. Eligible criteria were set and articles were screened according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Three investigators cross-checked all articles assigned. Data were extracted into Excel sheet and results were tabulated in tables and graphs accordingly. Result Four studies from four countries (Taiwan, Sri Lanka, South Korea, India) met the eligibility criteria. The papers show an increasing trend of JEV seropositivity in all countries as their populations reach older age cohorts. Nonetheless, there were slight downtrend notches seen among young adults in Taiwan and India before increasing again after reaching more mature ages. South Korea has the highest seroprevalence rate (97.8% to 98.3%) among the compared countries; this is most likely because it was the earliest to introduce the JEV vaccine in 1967 which was later made mandatory in early 1980s, while India has the lowest seroprevalence rate (12.9% to 18.1%). Among the old-vaccination-naïve population, seropositivity is commonly derived from natural infection. Conclusion Decreases in reported JE cases are mainly due to immunisation. As JEV is expected to remain in nature and the zoonotic chains, the risk of infection will persist. Hence, it is important to apply JEV vaccination protocols in national immunisation programmes with priority given to those at the young childhood stages.

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