Sabda Brahma: Science and spirit of Language in Indian Culture Study of language and communication has been an important concern in India’s intellectual and cultural tradition. All streams of Indian philosophical thinking included in their considerations the basic problem of language and communication. While the seeds of the study of language in India may be traced in the Rig Veda, and the study of the structure of language as authoritatively established in the Ashtadhyayi, a full-fledged statement and discussion of a science and spirit of language was given in Bhartrihari’s Vakyapadiya. It was Bhartrihari who first systematically equated Brahma (Absolute Reality) with Sabda (language), going on to argue that all language arises as a manifestation of the Sabda Brahma. From the early investigations in the Veda, Pratisakhyas and Siksha, through the grammar of language in Ashtadhyayi and Mahabhasya, to the highest levels of consciousness of Sabda Brahma in Vakyapadia, and Paravac in

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Sondhi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Problem ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
Rig Veda

Модернизацня или Деградацня?: Из опыта либерализации России

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Н. Лактионова
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Democratic Ideology ◽  
The Third World

Faced with challenges of historical transformation, there has been a lot of strategies for civilization in Russia. At present time, Russia moves toward “so called” the Third World. This phenomenon is an unconceivable aspect of world civilization in view of the fact that Russia was one of super powers, fifteen years ago. A factor determinig the destiny of modern Russia is the foreign ideology transplanted in Russia. The basic problem is that Russian leaders accepted Eurocentric theme that western development model contributes to human progress. Historically, the democratic ideology has been in conflict with Russian socio-cultural tradition based on Eastern-Byzantine tradition. To overcome the present crisis, it is necessary for Russia to escape from the illusion of liberalism and to consider the strong points of socio-institutional tradition of Russia.

scholarly journals Are Cushioned Benches Better Option for Classroom Sitting?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Nidhi Vedawala ◽  
Sakshi Thakrar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Class Room

Background and Purpose: As per our Indian culture “atithi devo bhava” is part of respect and gratitude shown to any guest or visitor by offering to be seated in one of the basic piece of furniture, a chair. Its utilization is in various places like living rooms, offices, dining rooms, in schools and other work places. Chair varies in designs but in some schools comfort zone is not accomplished/fulfilled. Already lifestyle of teenagers have become imperfect due to continuous sitting in wrong postures, this can further lead to various postural changes and health disorders. The purpose of study was to take review about the comfort zone regarding cushioned benches used for classroom sitting in their institutions. So by this survey student’s response can be shown and changes can be made by making institutions head aware about basic problem their students and can avoid chronic disorders. Method: A qualitative method of research was used to conduct online survey of B.CA, polytechnic and physiotherapy college students. Also questions were asked regarding their comfort in classroom sitting along with their suggestions. Results: After survey 57.83% agreed that they are facing problem related with class room seating. Also 77.11% agreed problem emerging after long seating for more than 45 minutes. As per the suggestions from participants in reference of comfortable and sitting for long time period 49.4% suggested that cushioned benches are extremely helpful for sitting in the classrooms. Conclusion: After result and outcome of survey it concluded that the cushioned benches can prove better option for seating in classrooms along with comfortable and sitting for long time period. Key words: Sitting, classroom, cushion, benches.

scholarly journals The Historical and Philosophical Exegesis on Yagya in Ancient India

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Pratishtha Pathik
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Vedic Literature

 Yagya or sacrifice has been an integral part of Indian history and culture. More particularly in ancient India, Yagya appears as the backbone of entire social and political structure. Thus, most of the Vedic literature revolves around the sacrificial ritual in different forms for numerous purposes. In contemporary world, when the scientific temperament dominates almost all spheres of life, masses seek to comprehend everything pertaining to human lives in a rational way. However, the recognized truth is that human society exists in a dilemmatic situation where on one hand they are not ready to discard their cultural heritage, customs and traditions and on the other hand they aspire to abide with scientific logic and reason. Therefore, it is essential to trace the philosophy and common logic of one of the most consistent sacrificial practice of Indian culture, i.e. Yagya. And since the Yagya tradition traces its antiquity from the ancient India, there is a requirement to illustrate the historical existence of yagya in abundance. Thus, this paper attempts to comprehensively deal with historical and philosophical aspects of Yagya to understand its relevance in present scenario. For this study historical methodology has been used premised on the analysis of primary and secondary sources, and the content is descriptive. Since the time of oldest Indus valley civilization, we find archeological evidences of fire altars from sites such as Kalibagan(Rajasthan), Lothal(Gujrat) etc. which indicate the practice of sacrificial rituals. In entire Vedic literature, plethora of textual references elaborate the philosophy, ritual practice, benefits, norms, the hosts of yagyas, and the various types of sacrifices such as Shraut Yagya (public and royal sacrifices) and Pak Yagya (domestic sacrifices). Furthermore, both literary and archeological evidences enchant the practice and effects of distinct type of sacrifices in later Vedic age, pre-Mauryan period (6th century B.C.), age of empires (Mauryan, Shunga, Satavahana, Kanva, Kushana etc.) and Gupta period. This reveals the historical existence of our cultural tradition. Moreover the philosophical relevance of yagya (to sacrifice) is exponent as an idea through which Vedic Rishis facilitated the harmony between ecological system and human life, the peaceful co-existence of all the creatures of the universe and their interdependence. Though it overtly seems that Yagya  has been a part of religious life of Vedic Aryans, but after the philosophical and historical analysis, it appears that Yagya  crucially contributed to social harmony, constructing political hegemony, and facilitating public welfare in its most intense as well as external procedures. Hence, for dwindling the cultural, environmental and social quos in today’s times yagya needs to be practiced in a modified logical manner.

scholarly journals Culture of Sedentary Play in India – The Space Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Amit S. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Board Games ◽  
Rig Veda ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Playing of sedentary games with dice and playing board games have had a major role in the Indian culture since at least 3000 BCE. This is shown by archaeological sites and early literary references in the Rig-Veda, Mahabharata and other texts. Some of these games have survived in the form of boards, game pieces, dice and cards. Apart from actual sets, the traces of board games can also be found in Hindu rock cut temples. These sculptures and paintings appear across the medieval period. The list is exhaustive. The game play also finds its presence on numerous temple floorings, carved or inscribed. Why would somebody carve these board games on these spaces? Interestingly, throughout history, some board games have increased its popularity, and some have disappeared from artistic expressional record. How did one board game overtake the other in terms of its popularity in the later phases of history? What made these games socially acceptable and popular? Where were these games played? What was the space context? The paintings dominantly show royal houses, court rooms as spaces. Were there special pavilions used for game playing by Indian royals? In India board games were traditionally played at ground level. With growing European influence in the subcontinent in the 18th century, local elites adopted the western custom of elevated furniture for board games. Did this change the space context? The paper thus tries to evolve parameters to analyze the impact of board games on spaces and would throw light on the “space context” with reference to Indian board games tracing it to the contemporary time.

Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Tokamaks

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
C. de Michelis
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Spectroscopic Diagnostics ◽  
Important Concern

AbstractImpurities being an important concern in tokamaks, spectroscopy plays a key role in their understanding. Techniques for the evaluation of concentrations, power losses and transport properties are surveyed, and a few developments are outlined.

Cluster Analysis of Antigenic Profiles of Tumors: Selection of Number of Clusters Using Akaike’s Information Criterion

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Koziol
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Akaike's Information Criterion ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Akaike’S Information Criterion ◽  
Multinomial Data ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractA basic problem of cluster analysis is the determination or selection of the number of clusters evinced in any set of data. We address this issue with multinomial data using Akaike’s information criterion and demonstrate its utility in identifying an appropriate number of clusters of tumor types with similar profiles of cell surface antigens.

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