Estimation of Benzathine Penicillin G Demand for Congenital Syphilis Elimination with Adoption of Dual HIV/Syphilis Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Eleven High Burden Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapan Shah ◽  
Surbhi Garg ◽  
Katherine Heath ◽  
Obiageli Ofili ◽  
Yashika Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G

scholarly journals Benzathine Penicillin G in the Control of Gonorrhoea

1957 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
C. E. Hookings ◽  
L. M. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Penicillin G ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G

Three-Versus Four-week Administration of Benzathine Penicillin G: Effects on Incidence of Streptococcal Infections and Recurrences of Rheumatic Fever

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-988
Author(s):  
Hung-Chi Lue ◽  
Mei-Hwan Wu ◽  
Jou-Kou Wang ◽  
Fen-Fen Wu ◽  
Yu-Nian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G

Objective. To investigate the effects of 3-week versus 4-week administration of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) on the incidence of Group A streptococcal infections and the recurrences of rheumatic fever (RF). Study Design. We started, in 1979, randomly allocating all patients with RF to a 3-week or 4-week BPG prophylaxis program. They were examined at the RF clinic, every 3 to 6 months, and at any time they did not feel well. During 1979 to 1989, throat cultures and sera for antistreptolysin O and streptozyme titers were obtained at each clinic visit. Chest radiographs, electrocardiogram, color Doppler echocardiograms, and acute phase reactants were obtained. Subjects. Two hundred forty-nine patients fulfilled the revised Jones criteria and were followed until December 1991: 124 in the 3-week and 125 in the 4-week program. Their age, sex, weight, percentage with history of RF, severity of cardiac involvement, follow-up duration, and compliance to program were comparable. Eight hundred eighty throat cultures were collected in the 3-week program and 770 were collected in the 4-week program. Six hundred sixteen and 627 sera were determined in each program for antistreptolysin O, and 582 and 592 sera for streptozyme titers. Results. True streptococcal infections occurred in both programs: 39 infections in the 3-week program, and 59 infections in the 4-week program (7.5 vs 12.7 per 100 patient-years). Four infections with no antibody response occurred in the 3-week program, and three such infections in the 4-week program. Nine RF recurrences occurred in 8 patients in the 3-week program, and 16 recurrences in 16 patients in the 4-week program. Prophylaxis failure occurred in 2 of 124 patients in the 3-week program, and in 10 of 125 patients in the 4-week program (0.25 vs 1.29 per 100 patient-years). The overall recurrences/infections rate in each program was comparable, 13.6% vs 15.5%, but the recurrences/infections rate due to prophylaxis failure was higher in the 4-week program than in the 3-week program, 3.0% versus 9.7%. Conclusions. This 12-year prospective and controlled study documented that streptococcal infections and RF recurrences occurred more often in the 4-week program than in the 3-week program. The risk of prophylaxis failure was fivefold greater in the 4-week program than in the 3-week program.

Rheumatic Fever Article Questioned

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1134
Author(s):  
SYLVIA P. GRIFFITHS
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G ◽  
Group A

To the Editor.— The suggestion of Nordin1 that there may be a need to re-evaluate the current recommended prophylaxis for children with rheumatic fever is valid, particularly if carefully planned and controlled studies could be carried out. However, the author's contention that "It has been assumed that the levels of penicillin [following monthly intramuscular injection of 1.2 million units of benzathine penicillin G] are adequate to prevent reinfection with group A streptococcus, and hence to prevent recurrences of rheumatic fever" has always been qualified by others.

Benzathine Penicillin G in the Treatment of Neurosyphilis

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Cuddy
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G

The definition, pathogenesis, incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of neurosyphilis are discussed. Controlled trials of benzathine penicillin in the treatment of neurosyphilis are reviewed, as are recent case reports of benzathine penicillin failures. Although few well-controlled studies exist to document conclusively the efficacy of benzathine penicillin in the treatment of neurosyphilis, its use is recommended in selected situations.

scholarly journals A Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach Shows that Serum Penicillin G Concentrations Are Below Inhibitory Concentrations by Two Weeks after Benzathine Penicillin G Injection in the Majority of Young Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 6735-6741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Neely ◽  
Edward L. Kaplan ◽  
Jeffrey L. Blumer ◽  
Dennis J. Faix ◽  
Michael P. Broderick
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Central Compartment ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Simulated Patients ◽  
Peripheral Compartment ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin G

ABSTRACTSerum penicillin G falls to low levels 2 weeks after injection as benzathine penicillin G (BPG) in young adults. Using Pmetrics and previously reported penicillin G pharmacokinetic data after 1.2 million units were given as BPG to 329 male military recruits, here we develop the first reported population pharmacokinetic model of penicillin G after BPG injection. We simulated time-concentration profiles over a broad range of pediatric and adult weights after alternative doses and dose frequencies to predict the probability of maintaining serum penicillin G concentrations of >0.02 mg/liter, a proposed protective threshold against group AStreptococcus pyogenes(GAS). The final population model included linear absorption into a central compartment, distribution to and from a peripheral compartment, and linear elimination from the central compartment, with allometrically scaled volumes and rate constants. With 1.2 million units of BPG given intramuscularly every 4 weeks in four total doses, only 23.2% of 5,000 simulated patients maintained serum penicillin G trough concentrations of >0.02 mg/liter 4 weeks after the last dose. When the doses were 1.8 million units and 2.4 million units, the percentages were 30.2% and 40.7%, respectively. With repeated dosing of 1.2 million units every 3 weeks and every 2 weeks for 4 doses, the percentages of simulated patients with a penicillin G trough concentration of >0.02 mg/liter were 37.8% and 65.2%, respectively. Our simulations support recommendations for more frequent rather than higher BPG doses to prevent recurrent rheumatic heart disease in areas of high GAS prevalence or during outbreaks.

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