Valuing Stated Preferences for Health Benefits of Improved Air Quality: Results of a Pilot Study

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Desvousges ◽  
F. Reed Johnson ◽  
Melissa Ruby Banzhaf ◽  
Alicia R. Gable
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Stated Preferences

scholarly journals COPD exacerbations are related to poor air quality in Innsbruck: A retrospective pilot study

Heart & Lung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-503
Author(s):  
Anna Boehm ◽  
Magdalena Aichner ◽  
Thomas Sonnweber ◽  
Ivan Tancevski ◽  
Thomas Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Copd Exacerbations

scholarly journals Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution in Mpererwe District, Kampala, Uganda: A Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Schwander ◽  
Clement D. Okello ◽  
Juergen Freers ◽  
Judith C. Chow ◽  
John G. Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Coarse Particles

Air quality in Kampala, the capital of Uganda, has deteriorated significantly in the past two decades. We made spot measurements in Mpererwe district for airborne particulate matter PM2.5(fine particles) and coarse particles. PM was collected on Teflon-membrane filters and analyzed for mass, 51 elements, 3 anions, and 5 cations. Both fine and coarse particle concentrations were above 100 µg/m3in all the samples collected. Markers for crustal/soil (e.g., Si and Al) were the most abundant in the PM2.5fraction, followed by primary combustion products from biomass burning and incinerator emissions (e.g., K and Cl). Over 90% of the measured PM2.5mass can be explained by crustal species (41% and 59%) and carbonaceous aerosol (33%–55%). Crustal elements dominated the coarse particles collected from Kampala. The results of this pilot study are indicative of unhealthy air and suggest that exposure to ambient air in Kampala may increase the burden of environmentally induced cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory diseases including infections. Greater awareness and more extensive research are required to confirm our findings, to identify personal exposure and pollution sources, and to develop air quality management plans and policies to protect public health.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria D. Castillo ◽  
Susan C. Anenberg ◽  
Zoe A. Chafe ◽  
Rachel Huxley ◽  
Lauren S. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Health Impact Assessments

While ambitious carbon reduction policies are needed to avoid dangerous levels of climate change, the costs of these policies can be balanced by wide ranging health benefits for local communities. Cities, responsible for ~70% of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and home to a growing majority of the world's population, offer enormous opportunities for both climate action and health improvement. We aim to review the current state of knowledge on key pathways leading from carbon mitigation to human health benefits, and to evaluate our current ability to quantify health benefits for cities around the world. For example, because GHGs and air pollutants are both released during fuel combustion, reducing fuel burning can reduce both GHGs and air pollutants, leading to direct health benefits. Air quality improvements may be particularly important for city-scale climate action planning because the benefits occur locally and relatively immediately, compared with the global and long-term (typically, decades to centuries) benefits for the climate system. In addition to improved air quality, actions that promote active transport in cities via improved cycling and pedestrian infrastructure can reap large cardiovascular health benefits via increased physical activity. Exposure to green space has been associated with beneficial health outcomes in a growing number of epidemiological studies and meta-analyses conducted around the world. Finally, noise is an underappreciated environmental risk factor in cities which can be addressed through actions to reduce motor vehicle traffic and other noise sources. All of these environmental health pathways are supported by well-conducted epidemiological studies in multiple locales, providing quantitative exposure–response data that can be used as inputs to health impact assessments (HIAs). However, most epidemiologic evidence derives from studies in high-income countries. It is unclear to what extent such evidence is directly transferable for policies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This gap calls for a future focus on building the evidence based in LMIC cities. Finally, the literature suggests that policies are likely to be most effective when they are developed by multidisciplinary teams that include policy makers, researchers, and representatives from affected communities.

scholarly journals Using Costs and Health Benefits to Estimate the Priority of Air Pollution Control Action Plan: A Case Study in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5970
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chih Lai ◽  
Min-Chuan Hsiao ◽  
Je-Liang Liou ◽  
Li-Wei Lai ◽  
Pei-Chih Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Quality Modeling

A comparative analysis was conducted between the costs and health benefits of the Air Pollution Control Action Plan (APCAP), which can be implemented in any country to improve air quality and human health. In this study, air quality modeling was used to simulate several scenarios and implement the Kriging method to describe the PM2.5 reduction concentration instantly. Then, health benefits were estimated using the environmental benefit mapping and analysis program (BenMAP) with results from the air quality modeling and Kriging method. To estimate the priority of APCAP, 14 pollution control measures that cover point, mobile, and area sources of air pollution in Taiwan were analyzed. The results indicate that the health benefits of the Taiwan APCAP (TAPCAP) are generally greater than the technical costs. Thus, the implementation of this strategy may result in net benefits. In addition, the benefit-to-control cost ratio for health for the 14 pollution control measures was calculated. The results provide evidence to prioritize the implementation of air quality policies with a higher benefit-cost ratio.

Health benefits of a physical exercise program for inpatients with mental health; a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mazyarkin ◽  
T. Peleg ◽  
I. Golani ◽  
L. Sharony ◽  
I. Kremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Exercise Program

scholarly journals The Effect of Environmentally Friendly Wallpaper and Flooring Material on Indoor Air Quality and Atopic Dermatitis: A Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Im Na ◽  
Sang Young Byun ◽  
Mi Young Jeong ◽  
Kyoung Chan Park ◽  
Chang Hun Huh
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Flooring Material

Air quality and health benefits of China’s current and upcoming clean air policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Dan Tong ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yu Bo ◽  
Bo Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Clean Air

We estimated China's clean air policies could ensure majority population lives below 35μg m−3, avoiding ∼95.0 thousand premature deaths in 2030.

scholarly journals An international survey of indoor air quality, ventilation, and smoking activity in restaurants: a pilot study

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoy R Bohanon ◽  
Jean-Jacques Piadé ◽  
Matthias K Schorp ◽  
Yves Saint-Jalm
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
International Survey
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