Distribution of Haemaphysalis longicornis and Its Infected Agents: A Pooled Analysis of China Field Survey and Global Published Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Ming Cui ◽  
Na Jia ◽  
Jia-Te Wei ◽  
Luo-Yuan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Haemaphysalis Longicornis

Efficacy and Safety of Timely Urgent Superficial Temporal Artery-to-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Institutional Prospective Study and a Pooled Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jang Hun Kim ◽  
Wonki Yoon ◽  
Chi Kyung Kim ◽  
Haewon Roh ◽  
Hee Jin Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Nihss Score

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO) is not satisfactory if reperfusion treatment fails or is not tried. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of urgent superficial temporal-to-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery in selected patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients who were diagnosed with LVO-induced AIS in the anterior circulation but had a failed intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) or were not tried due to IAT contraindications were prospectively enrolled. Timely urgent STA-MCA bypass surgery was performed if they showed perfusion-diffusion mismatch or symptom-diffusion mismatch in the acute phase of disease. Clinical and radiological data of these patients were assessed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of urgent bypass procedures. A pooled analysis of published data on urgent bypass surgery in acute stroke patients was conducted and analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 18 patients who underwent timely bypass, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score improved from 12.11 ± 4.84 to 9.89 ± 6.52, 1 week after surgery. Three-month and long-term (9.72 ± 5.00 months) favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores 0–2) were achieved in 50 and 75% of the patients, respectively. The pooled analysis (117 patients from 10 articles, including ours) identified favorable mRS scores in 71.79% patients at 3 months. A significant NIHSS score improvement from 11.51 ± 4.89 to 7.59 ± 5.50 was observed after surgery with significance. Major complications occurred in 3 patients (2.6%, 3/117) without mortality. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Urgent STA-MCA bypass surgery can be regarded as a safe optional treatment to prevent cerebral infarct expansion and to improve clinical and radiological outcomes in highly selected patients.

scholarly journals Climate and litter C/N ratio constrain soil organic carbon accumulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyi Zhou ◽  
Shan Xu ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Stefano Manzoni ◽  
Jingyun Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Wetness Index ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration

Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays critical roles in stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the mechanistic controls on the amount and distribution of SOC on global scales are not well understood. In turn, this has hampered the ability to model global C budgets and to find measures to mitigate climate change. Here, based on the data from a large field survey campaign with 2600 plots across China's forest ecosystems and a global collection of published data from forested land, we find that a low litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) and high wetness index (P/PET, precipitation-to-potential-evapotranspiration ratio) are the two factors that promote SOC accumulation, with only minor contributions of litter quantity and soil texture. The field survey data demonstrated that high plant diversity decreased litter C/N and thus indirectly promoted SOC accumulation by increasing the litter quality. We conclude that any changes in plant-community composition, plant-species richness and environmental factors that can reduce the litter C/N ratio, or climatic changes that increase wetness index, may promote SOC accumulation. The study provides a guideline for modeling the carbon cycle of various ecosystem scales and formulates the principle for land-based actions for mitigating the rising atmospheric CO2 concentration.

scholarly journals Ayurvedic Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 216495611984939 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Aarthi Harini ◽  
Avineet Luthra ◽  
Shrey Madeka ◽  
Prasan Shankar ◽  
Pitchaiah Mandava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Event Rates

Background The western medical arsenal for treating stroke is rather limited, and the only treatments shown to improve outcomes are not accessible to most in the third world. Even in the developed world, many patients present too late to receive thrombolysis or thrombectomy. Stroke patients in India commonly use Ayurvedic therapies, but there are no published data regarding the efficacy or safety of these therapies, the latter being of particular concern in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Objective To obtain preliminary data on the safety and efficacy of stand-alone whole-system Ayurvedic treatment in AIS. Methods We present here an observational study prospectively comparing outcomes in 2 cohorts of AIS patients treated with whole-system classical Ayurveda (n = 13) or conservative (nonthrombolytic, noninterventional) western biomedicine (n = 20). Results Pooled analysis of outcomes did not show statistically significant differences in mortality (15.38% vs 15%, P = 1.00), nonfatal adverse event rates (15.38% vs 30%, P = .4), or functional disability measures. A paired analysis performed using a matching algorithm to reduce baseline disparities between the cohorts also showed no statistically significant differences in outcomes. Conclusions The safety profiles of classical Ayurveda and conservative western biomedicine in AIS are similar. This is the first ever report of stand-alone Ayurvedic therapy in AIS. Our results support the conduct of a randomized controlled trial to study the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment of AIS.

Meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Alan J. Silman ◽  
Gary J. Macfarlane ◽  
Tatiana Macfarlane
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Using Data

The previous chapter has discussed how to gather and evaluate existing evidence from epidemiological studies. Here further consideration is given to summarizing the identified evidence in such a way that it can be used for decision-making, including approaches to control for chance and potential bias. Meta-analysis refers to the statistical analysis of results from individual studies for integrating the findings. There are other terms related to meta-analysis such as quantitative review, combined analysis, pooled analysis, or quantitative synthesis. Some of them use different methods, for example, meta-analysis of published data considers each study as a unit of analysis while individual patient data analysis includes the original data from each study on a participant level. This chapter describes how to numerically summarize data through performing a meta-analysis using data from a systematic review of epidemiological studies. It also considers possible bias, reporting guidelines, and statistical software available for meta-analysis.

Presentation, Treatment, and Long-Term Outcome of Intrasellar Chordoma: A Pooled Analysis of Institutional, SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results), and Published Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. e676-e683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Kareem Ahmed ◽  
Hassan Y. Dawood ◽  
Omar M. Arnaout ◽  
Edward R. Laws ◽  
Timothy R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
End Results

Retrograde ejaculation following anterior lumbar surgery: a systematic review and pooled analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alaina M. Body ◽  
Zachary J. Plummer ◽  
Bryan M. Krueger ◽  
Justin Virojanapa ◽  
Rani Nasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Retrograde Ejaculation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Lumbar Surgery ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Time

OBJECTIVE The present systematic review and pooled analysis aims to assess the incidence and risk factors for the development of retrograde ejaculation (RE) following first-time open anterior lumbar surgery. METHODS A systematic MEDLINE review via PubMed was performed, identifying 130 clinical papers relating to the topic. Eighteen publications were selected according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria and were used to determine the incidence of RE. Only the publications that provided data on surgical risk factors present specifically in the men in the study were included in the analysis of risk factors. RESULTS Of the 2503 men included, there were 57 reported events of RE (2.3%). Of the cases for which long-term data were provided, 45.8% had resolved by final follow-up. There was a statistically significant increased risk associated with a transperitoneal as opposed to a retroperitoneal approach (8.6% vs 3.2%), as well as with the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2 (rhBMP-2) in anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) as opposed to ALIF with bone graft or arthroplasty in controls (5.0% vs 1.8%). However, when excluding from analysis the patients operated on prior to the FDA’s 2008 warning that commented on the drug’s neuroinflammatory properties, there was no significant difference in rates of RE in patients receiving rhBMP-2 versus the control group (2.4% vs 2.5%). There was no significant difference in risk based on single- versus multilevel procedure or on ALIF versus arthroplasty. CONCLUSIONS In a pooled analysis of currently published data on men undergoing first-time open anterior lumbar surgery, this study found an overall incidence of RE of 2.3%. Nearly half of these patients recovered, reporting resolution of symptoms anywhere between 3 months and 48 months. Analysis of risk factors was limited by a paucity of published literature segregating data by sex. However, there was an increased risk associated with rhBMP-2 only when including data collected prior to the FDA warning on its detrimental properties. The authors therefore posit that the risk of RE is probably overestimated in the literature, given that the vast majority of the data available were collected prior to this warning and given the subsequent implementation of precautions when handling rhBMP-2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document