Inattention and Prices Over Time: Experimental Evidence from 'The Price Is Right' (1972-2019)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Over Time

The Fleeting Effects of Disclosure Forthcomingness on Management's Reporting Credibility

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Disclosure Decisions ◽  
Negative News ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Negative Earnings

This study provides a theoretical framework and experimental evidence on how managers' disclosure decisions affect their credibility with investors. I find that in the short-term, more forthcoming disclosure has a positive effect on management's reporting credibility, especially when management is forthcoming about negative news. However, these short-term credibility effects do not persist over time. In the long-term, managers who report positive earnings news are rated as having higher reporting credibility than managers who report negative earnings news, regardless of their previous disclosure decisions.

Improvements in growth and wool production of winter-grazed merino weaners when offered a protein-rich supplement

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 118-118
Author(s):  
J.V. Nolan ◽  
J.A. Thomas ◽  
M.K. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Native Pastures ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Over Time

Protein-rich supplements often enhance production of ruminants grazing native pastures during the winter on the northern tablelands of New South Wales. However, graziers report that animals offered supplements often do not consume them; there is also experimental evidence, obtained using tritiated supplements, that intake of supplements by individuals within a flock may exhibit wide variation. The objectives of this study were first, to evaluate a commercial protein-rich supplement when given to winter-grazed weaners, by determining the effect of supplementation on liveweight gain, wool production and fibre diameter, and second, to estimate the changes in patterns of intake of supplement by individual animals over time during a 12 week supplementation period.

Bias in hatchery-origin coho salmon survival estimates due to underestimated prerelease mortality

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
James R. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Wild Salmon ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Additional Work ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
Over Time

The widely accepted belief that hatchery-origin salmon survive less well than natural-origin or wild salmon can be, at least in part, an artifact of the way hatchery salmon survival is estimated. Hatchery salmon are often marked several months before release, while natural salmon are marked during their seaward migration. Underestimated prerelease mortalities result in biased low survival estimates. In British Columbia, although hatchery rearing practices have been modified to reduce unrecorded mortalities, experimental evidence indicates that coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt survivals continue to be underestimated by ∼13%. Better reporting and incorporation of survival bias in data sets and analyses as well as additional work to evaluate bias for other regions and species over time is needed.

scholarly journals Reducing Crime and Violence: Experimental Evidence from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Liberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Blattman ◽  
Julian C. Jamison ◽  
Margaret Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Noncognitive Skills ◽  
Over Time

We show that a number of noncognitive skills and preferences, including patience and identity, are malleable in adults, and that investments in them reduce crime and violence. We recruited criminally engaged men and randomized one-half to eight weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy designed to foster self-regulation, patience, and a noncriminal identity and lifestyle. We also randomized $200 grants. Cash alone and therapy alone initially reduced crime and violence, but effects dissipated over time. When cash followed therapy, crime and violence decreased dramatically for at least a year. We hypothesize that cash reinforced therapy's impacts by prolonging learning-by-doing, lifestyle changes, and self-investment. (JEL D12, D83, H23, I32, K42, O15, O17)

scholarly journals Relationships Between Interictal Spiking and Seizures: Human and Experimental Evidence

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (S4) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Gotman
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Epileptic Focus ◽  
Interictal Spikes ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Parallel Fashion

ABSTRACT:Epileptic seizures of focal origin often occur unpredictably as do interictal spikes. It is often assumed that spikes increase prior to seizures of focal origin and that antiepileptic medication affects spikes and seizures in a parallel fashion. We review evidence that this assumption is invalid and that there is a clear dissociation between spikes and seizures: increases in spiking before seizures have not been clearly documented; decreases in antiepileptic medication do not result directly in increased spiking; seizures are often followed by long-lasting increases in spiking; finally, seizures are no more likely when spikes are frequent than when spikes are rare. It therefore appears that spikes and seizures are two quite distinct phenomena, both originating in the epileptic focus but varying over time differently from what is most often believed.

scholarly journals Designing Institutions for Social Dilemmas

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Rockenbach ◽  
Irenaeus Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Individual Contribution ◽  
Rule Sets ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Considerable experimental evidence has been collected on rules enhancing contributions in public goods dilemmas. These studies either confront subjects with prespecified rules or have subjects choose between different rule environments. In this paper, we completely endogenize the institution design process by asking subjects to design and repeatedly improve rule sets for a public goods problem in order to investigate which rules social planners facing a social dilemma ‘invent’ and how these rules develop over time. We make several noteworthy observations, in particular the strong and successful use of framing, the concealment of individual contribution information and the decreasing use of punishment.

The Contribution of Symbiodinium Microadriaticum to the Symbiosome Membrane in the Anthozoan Host Aiptasia Pallida

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1182-1183
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Wakefield ◽  
Stephen C. Kempf ◽  
Mark A. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Vacuolar Membrane ◽  
Aiptasia Pallida ◽  
Symbiodinium Microadriaticum ◽  
The Past ◽  
Symbiosome Membrane ◽  
Over Time

Most endosymbionts remain separated from their host cell by a derivative of the phagocytic membrane. This membrane and its contents have been defined as a novel “organelle-like” structure called a symbiosome. However, in the case of many cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbioses the putative symbiosome is composed of multiple layers of apparent membranes (Fig. 1). In the past the origin of these membranes has been assigned to host and/or symbiont with very little experimental evidence to support either view; however, several interesting hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of the “membranes”. Trench and Blank suggest that occasionally the outer most layer of the vegetative symbiont's cell wall is sloughed off the surface of the cell. They concede that the outer most layer of “membranes” must be the host vacuolar membrane, but believe that it simply prevents the sloughed layer from moving away from the cell, (as would happen in culture), and that, over time, multiple sloughed layers accumulate beneath the host vacular membrane.

Minoan versus Mesopotamian Seals: Comparative methods of Manufacture

Iraq ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Gorelick ◽  
A. John Gwinnett
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Functional Purpose ◽  
Over Time

In a previous article we reported a study of Ancient Mesopotamian cylinder seals. The purpose was to provide insights, based on experimental evidence for the change from stone to metal drills in seal manufacture. These findings were correlated to earlier research in which the proportion of medium and hard stone seals (Mohs 5–7) e.g. hematite, quartz, etc. to those of soft stones (Mohs 1–3) e.g. steatite, marble, etc. was documented. The time span encompassed the beginning of cylinder seal history at Uruk (4% medium and hard stone seals) at the end of the 4th millennium B.C. through the Sasanian period c. A.D. 200–600 (99% medium and hard stone seals). Inferences were drawn relating the tremendous increase in the proportion of hard stones to advances in the technology of hard stone seal manufacture. The growing fashion for hard stone seals was attributed to their desirability as status symbols as well as to economic factors. These findings and explanations in no way contradicted the important well documented multi-functional purpose of seals for legal, political, amuletic and funerary use as well as for the protection of property.The purpose of the present article is to provide comparable data for Minoan seals. We sought evidence for the following questions:(1) What was the proportion of medium and hard stone seals to soft stone seals during the time frame of Minoan history?(2) What were the tools and technology used for the manufacture of Minoan seals and how did these change over time?(3) What inferences might be drawn from this data to Minoan culture and history?(4) What comparisons could be made to Mesopotamian glyptic?

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