scholarly journals Case Studies in Tax Revenue Mobilization in Low-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardin Akitoby ◽  
Jiro Honda ◽  
Hiroaki Miyamoto ◽  
Keyra Primus ◽  
Mouhamadou Sy
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue

scholarly journals Case Studies in Tax Revenue Mobilization in Low-Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (104) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardin Akitoby ◽  
Jiro Honda ◽  
Hiroaki Miyamoto ◽  
Keyra Primus ◽  
Mouhamadou Sy
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue

scholarly journals Why Do Developing Countries Tax So Little?

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Besley ◽  
Torsten Persson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
News Media ◽  
Weak Sense ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
A Share

Low-income countries typically collect taxes of between 10 to 20 percent of GDP while the average for high-income countries is more like 40 percent. In order to understand taxation, economic development, and the relationships between them, we need to think about the forces that drive the development process. Poor countries are poor for certain reasons, and these reasons can also help to explain their weakness in raising tax revenue. We begin by laying out some basic relationships regarding how tax revenue as a share of GDP varies with per capita income and with the breadth of a country's tax base. We sketch a baseline model of what determines a country's tax revenue as a share of GDP. We then turn to our primary focus: why do developing countries tax so little? We begin with factors related to the economic structure of these economies. But we argue that there is also an important role for political factors, such as weak institutions, fragmented polities, and a lack of transparency due to weak news media. Moreover, sociological and cultural factors—such as a weak sense of national identity and a poor norm for compliance—may stifle the collection of tax revenue. In each case, we suggest the need for a dynamic approach that encompasses the two-way interactions between these political, social, and cultural factors and the economy.

scholarly journals Tax Revenue Mobilization Episodes in Emerging Markets and Low-Income Countries: Lessons from a New Dataset

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (234) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardin Akitoby ◽  
Anja Baum ◽  
Clay Hackney ◽  
Olamide Harrison ◽  
Keyra Primus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue

Tax Revenue Mobilization Episodes in Emerging Markets and Low-Income Countries: Lessons from a New Dataset

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardin Akitoby ◽  
Anja Baum ◽  
Clay Hackney ◽  
Olamide Harrison ◽  
Keyra Primus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue

Enhancing Financial Sector Surveillance in Low-Income Countries - Case Studies

Policy Papers ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Financial Deepening ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Investor Confidence ◽  
Balanced Approach ◽  
Regulation Of Financial Markets ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

This supplement presents ten case studies, which highlight the roles of targeted policies to facilitate sustainable financial deepening in a variety of country circumstances, reflecting historical experiences that parallel a range of markets in LICs. The case studies were selected to broadly capture efforts by countries to increase reach (e.g., financial inclusion), depth (e.g., financial intermediation), and breadth of financial systems (e.g., capital market, cross-border development). The analysis in the case studies highlights the importance of a balanced approach to financial deepening. A stable macroeconomic environment is vital to instill consumer, institutional, and investor confidence necessary to encourage financial market activity. Targeted public policy initiatives (e.g., collateral, payment systems development) can be helpful in removing impediments and creating infrastructure for improved market operations, while ensuring appropriate oversight and regulation of financial markets, to address potential sources of instability and market failures.

Sovereign Debt Restructurings: An Overview of the Empirical Literature

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Sovereign Default ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Domestic Debt

Emerging markets (EMs) and low-income countries (LIC) have experienced sovereign debt restructurings over decades. Moreover, sovereign default and restructurings are not only prominent in EMs and LICs, but also in advanced markets (AMs). With this background, we provide a survey of recent growing empirical literature on sovereign debt restructurings. We review four major streams of literature: (i) country case studies, (ii) private external debt restructurings, (iii) official external debt restructurings, and (iv) domestic debt restructurings. These streams of literature are completely complementary, and together cover the leading-edge issues in the area of sovereign debt.

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