scholarly journals Blood Cells of Adult Drosophila Do Not Expand, But Control Survival after Bacterial Infection by Induction of Drosocin Around Their Reservoir at the Respiratory Epithelia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Sanchez Bosch ◽  
Kalpana Makhijani ◽  
Leire Herboso ◽  
Katrina S. Gold ◽  
Rowan Baginsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Control Survival

scholarly journals Blood cells of adult Drosophila do not expand, but control survival after bacterial infection by induction of Drosocin around their reservoir at the respiratory epithelia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Sanchez Bosch ◽  
Kalpana Makhijani ◽  
Leire Herboso ◽  
Katrina S Gold ◽  
Rowan Baginsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Vertebrate Tissue ◽  
Peptide Gene ◽  
Control Survival ◽  
Adult Drosophila

SummaryDrosophila melanogaster has been an excellent model for innate immunity, but the role and regulation of adult blood cells and organismal immunity have remained incompletely understood. Here we address these questions in a comprehensive investigation of the blood cell system in adult Drosophila. As a central finding, we reveal the largest reservoir of blood cells (hemocytes) at the respiratory epithelia (tracheal air sacs) and fat body of the thorax and head. We show that most hemocytes of adult Drosophila are phagocytic macrophages (plasmatocytes), derived by more than 60% from the embryonic lineage that parallels vertebrate tissue macrophages. Surprisingly, in contrast to hemocytes at the larval stage, we find no capacity of the adult blood cell system to expand. Instead, we demonstrate its central role in relaying an innate immune response to tissues surrounding the blood cell reservoir: Hemocytes, through Imd signaling and the Jak/Stat pathway ligand Upd3, act as sentinels of bacterial infection that induce expression of the antimicrobial peptide gene Drosocin in the respiratory epithelia and colocalizing domains of the fat body. We demonstrate that endogenous Drosocin expression in these tissues promotes animal survival after bacterial infection. Our work identifies the first molecular step in a new relay of organismal immunity, establishing adult Drosophila as model to dissect mechanisms of inter-organ immunity.

Prognostic significance of hematopoietic-cell serglycin for survival of hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Hongjie Chen ◽  
Huiqiong Lu ◽  
Zengcheng Zou ◽  
Yongwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Aim and Objective: Inflammation-related changes in peripheral blood cells and blood proteins are prognostic factors for survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their usefulness is limited by active bacterial infection. This study investigated whether infection interfered with the predictive value of serglycin, a proteoglycan found in hematopoietic cells, on survival in HCC. Materials and Methods: Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced HCC, 100 without and 30 with bacterial infection, and 30 healthy adult controls were enrolled retrospectively. Baseline clinical data collected before treatment with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was evaluated and serglycin expression was assayed by flow cytometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified serglycin cutoff values for patient stratification. Cox regression and Kaplan– Meier analyses were performed to identify predictors of overall survival (OS). Results: Serglycin levels in peripheral blood cells were higher in both groups of HCC patients than in the control group. Cholinesterase, lung metastasis, average neutrophil serglycin fluorescence intensity, and aspartate aminotransferase levels were associated with survival risk. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A was associated a good prognosis of OS. Conclusion: The intensity of serglycin fluorescence in peripheral neutrophils was independently predictive of survival in HCC and its value was not limited by bacterial infection. The method presented here is a simple and feasible way to predict prognosis in HCC patients with TACE.

scholarly journals Procalcitonin levels in children aged 3-36 months with suspected serious bacterial infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Tuty Herawaty ◽  
Alan R. Tumbelaka ◽  
Dwi Putro Widodo ◽  
Partini Pudjiastuti Trihono ◽  
Darmawan B. Setyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Procalcitonin Level

Background Fever in children aged 3-36 months is usually caused by viral infection, however, 11-20% of cases may progress into serious bacterial infection (SBI). A good diagnostic tool is required to detect SBI to reduce mortality and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics.Objectives To determine procaldtonin (peT) levels, and etiology of bacteremia in febrile children aged 3-36 months old with suspected SBI.Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo and Tangerang General Hospital during April-May 2010. Complete blood cells count and acute illness observation score (AIOS) were perfonned on febrile children aged 3-36 months. Subjects meeting the inclusion criteria underwent blood culturing and testing of procalcitonin levels.Results There were 39 children met the criteria. Boys and girls ratio was 1.6 Mth median age of 10 months. Mean of AlOS was 20.5 (4.5 SD) and mean of hemoglobin was 10.2 (SD 2.1) g/dL. Median of leukocyte and absolute neutrophyl count were 18,600/uL and 12,300/uL, respectively. Median of procaldtonin 1.8 (range 0.04-71.60) ng/mL, mean of procalc itonin in bacteremia subgroup 22.60 (SD 27.6) ng/mL and 6.38 in non-bacteremia subgroup (11.0 SB) ng/mL. In children with severely ill appearance, the likelihood of procaldtonin levels ≥2 ng/mL was 8.67 times higher (95%CI 1.66 to 50.56) than in moderately or mildly ill-appearing children. In subjects Mth procalcitonin level of ≥2 ng/mL, the risk of bacteremia was 8.1 times (95% CI 2.9 to 1051.6) higher and the risk of sepsis was 55.47 times higher than in subjects Mth procalcitonin <2 ng/mL (95% CI 1.22 to 68.02). We observed bacteriemia in 11 of 39 subjects (28.2%). The pathogens isolated from these 11 subjects were Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, Serratia marcesens, Staphylococrus saprophyticus, and Serratia liqueafaciens.Conclusion The proportion of bacteremia in children aged 3-36 months old with suspected serious bacterial infection was 28.2% with no predominant microorganism. Elevated procaldtonin level of ≥ 2 ng/mL was assodated with severe illness apppearance, bacteremia, and sepsis. 

scholarly journals LAPORAN KASUS : PYOMETRA PADA ANJING GOLDEN RETRIEVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Yohanes T. R. M. R. Simarmata ◽  
Anita Kartini Lakapu ◽  
I Dewa Made Anom
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
Incision Wound

Pyometra in dogs is a condition of the accumulation of purulent material in the uterus of female dogs caused by hormonal imbalances resulting in bacterial infections and excess fluid production in the uterus. A female Golden Retriever named Merry, age 4 years old, having her address at Jln. Raya Dharmasaba Denpasar with complaints of a limp dog, anorexia, issued a thick reddish-colored discharge from the genitals and smelly. Based on the results of systematic clinical examination and the results obtained that the temperature of the dog is 38.1 ℃ (normal), pulsus frequency 120x/minute and the frequency of breathing 40x/ minute. At the time of inspection and palpation of the large abdomen, the nipple comes out. In a complete blood test conducted at Anom Animal Clinic showing the results of Leucosytosis (an increase in white blood cells) which indicates the incidence of bacterial infection, the dog is diagnosed with pyometra after being supported also by X-ray examination results showing radiopaque on the abdomen and ultrasound results showing the uterus anechoic. Dogs treated by surgery to remove the ovary and uterus (ovaryohysterectomy) and continued administration of antibiotics and analgesics. On the 9thday after surgery the incision wound had dried, the skin fused well, and was no longer removing the discharge from the genitals.

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Ultrastructural changes in murine lymphoma cells exposed to ultraviolet-A radiation

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
Delma P. Thomas ◽  
Dianne E. Godar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Murine Lymphoma ◽  
Transmission Electron

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from all three waveband regions of the UV spectrum, UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (290-320 nm), and UVC (200-290 nm), can be emitted by some medical devices and consumer products. Sunlamps can expose the blood to a considerable amount of UVR, particularly UVA and/or UVB. The percent transmission of each waveband through the epidermis to the dermis, which contains blood, increases in the order of increasing wavelength: UVC (10%) < UVB (20%) < UVA (30%). To investigate the effects of UVR on white blood cells, we chose transmission electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure changes in L5178Y-R murine lymphoma cells.

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Human Red Blood Cells

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
A.J. Tousimis ◽  
T.R. Padden
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Scanning Electron

The size, shape and surface morphology of human erythrocytes (RBC) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of the fixed material directly and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of surface replicas to compare the relative merits of these two observational procedures for this type specimen.A sample of human blood was fixed in glutaraldehyde and washed in distilled water by centrifugation. The washed RBC's were spread on freshly cleaved mica and on aluminum coated microscope slides and then air dried at room temperature. The SEM specimens were rotary coated with 150Å of 60:40- gold:palladium alloy in a vacuum evaporator using a new combination spinning and tilting device. The TEM specimens were preshadowed with platinum and then rotary coated with carbon in the same device. After stripping the RBC-Pt-C composite film, the RBC's were dissolved in 2.5N HNO3 followed by 0.2N NaOH leaving the preshadowed surface replicas showing positive topography.

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