scholarly journals The Deadweight Loss of Christmas - Reply

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Birg ◽  
Simon Pommeranz
Keyword(s):  
Deadweight Loss

A causal-realist analysis of deadweight loss from taxation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tate Fegley ◽  
Kristoffer Mousten Hansen ◽  
Karl-Friedrich Israel
Keyword(s):  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Realist Analysis

scholarly journals The Welfare Impact of Second-Best Uniform-Pigouvian Taxation: Evidence from Transportation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Knittel ◽  
Ryan Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Welfare Impact ◽  
Second Best ◽  
Pigouvian Taxes ◽  
Gasoline Taxes ◽  
Optimal Taxes

When consumers or firms don’t face the true social cost of their actions, market outcomes are inefficient. In the case of negative externalities, Pigouvian taxes are one way to correct this market failure, but it may be infeasible to tax the externality directly. The alternative, taxing a related product, will be second-best. In this paper, we show that in the presence of heterogeneous externalities and elasticities, this type of indirect tax performs poorly. In our empirical application, gasoline taxes to address pollution externalities, less than a third of the deadweight loss of the externality is addressed by second-best optimal taxes. (JEL D62, H21, H23, H71, H76, Q53, R48)

A self-organized reciprocal control method for multi-robot simultaneous coverage and tracking

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runfeng Chen ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Lincheng Shen
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Task Assignment ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Velocity Space ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Traffic Surveillance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimal Velocity ◽  
Service Environment ◽  
Self Organized

Purpose Multi-robots simultaneously coverage and tracking (SCAT) is the problem of simultaneously covering area and tracking targets, which is essential for many applications, such as delivery service, environment monitor, traffic surveillance, crime monitor, anti-terrorist mission and so on. The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance of detected target quantity, coverage rate and less deadweight loss by designing a self-organized method for multi-robots SCAT. Design/methodology/approach A self-organized reciprocal control method is proposed, coupling task assignment, tracking and covering, equipped with collision-avoiding ability naturally. First, SCAT problem is directly modeled as optimal reciprocal coverage velocity (ORCV) in velocity space. Second, the preferred velocity is generated by calculating the best velocity to the center of some robot detected targets. ORCV is given by adjusting the velocity relative to neighbor robots’ toward in optimal coverage velocity (OCV); it is proven that OCV is collision-free assembly. Third, some corresponding algorithms are designed for finding optimal velocity under two situations, such as no detected targets and empty ORCV. Findings The simulation results of two cases for security robots show that the proposed method has detected more targets with less deadweight loss and decision time and no collisions anytime. Originality/value In this paper, a self-organized reciprocal control method is proposed for multi-robots SCAT problem, which is modeled in velocity space directly, different to the traditional method modeling in configuration space. What is more, this method considers the reciprocal of robots that contributes to the better accomplishment of SCAT cooperatively.

scholarly journals Are Sufficient Statistics Necessary? Nonparametric Measurement of Deadweight Loss from Unemployment Insurance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lee ◽  
Pauline Leung ◽  
Christopher J. O'Leary ◽  
Zhuan Pei ◽  
Simon Quach
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Sufficient Statistics

Part V Pass-On, 19 Economics of Pass-on

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljanovski Cento
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Volume Effect ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Pricing Policies ◽  
Full Compensation ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
The Way

This chapter looks at the economics of pass-on. The economics of pass-on is an aspect of the economists' theory of cost incidence. This is the study of the way a cost or tax increase is shifted and distributed between producers, consumers, and factors of production. It shows that the legal and economic incidence of a cost can differ radically and often in an unexpected way from its initial incidence. The extent of pass-on and any associated volume effect will depend on a range of factors including the nature of the overcharge; the demand and supply conditions; the market structure; and the pricing policies adopted by purchasers. The volume effect generates two losses: lost profits and the deadweight loss. Collecting all these losses together, full compensation requires that the direct purchasers as a group receive damages for the overcharge plus lost profits on the sales not made, minus the amount passed-on.

London's Congestion Charge

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
David Besanko ◽  
Johannes Horner ◽  
Ed Kalletta
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Congestion Charge ◽  
The Social

Describes the events leading up to the imposition of the London congestion charge. Views about the congestion charge, both pro and con, are presented. Also discusses, in general terms, the economics of traffic congestion, pointing out that an unregulated market for driving will not reach the social optimum. Contains sufficient data to estimate the deadweight loss in an unregulated market and the reduction of the deadweight loss due to the imposition of the congestion charge in 2003.To provide a good illustration of how an unregulated market with negative externalities can lead to an overprovision of a good (in this case driving). Also, to show how an externality tax (in this case, London's congestion charge) can lead to an improvement in social welfare.

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