The Improvement of Phenotypic Variability and Effects of Gamma-Ray Irradiation on Growth and High Yield Character of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) in M2 Generation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsah Ashri Noor Azizah ◽  
Noladhi Wicaksana ◽  
Zulfa Afifah ◽  
Rikha Nurhasanah ◽  
Irma Rahayu Latarissa
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Yield Character

scholarly journals Seleksi Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) Berumur Genjah Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Generasi M2

Agrologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsah Ashri Noor Azizah ◽  
Noladhi Wicaksana ◽  
Dedi Ruswandi
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Spatial Plan

Mutation breeding  using gamma-ray irradiation is one way to improve thevariability of bambara groundnuts. Improved variability can increase the effectiveness of selection on bambara groundnuts. The objective of this research was to obtain some genotypes of bambara groundnut of M2 generation that are of early maturity and high yield from gamma-ray irradiation through phenotypic selection. The experimental design was Spatial Plan, using the descriptive-comparative method. Bambara groundnuts accessions (KB-29 (1)) were treated with gamma-ray irradiation with different doses namely 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy. The results of this study showed that the phenotypic variability of the population irradiated by gamma rays 100 Gy, 150 Gy, and 200 Gy on the character of flowering time, harvest time, and all yielding ability characters was broad. The results of selection obtained 30 of the best genotypes that have advantages in the character of early maturity based on scoring value.

scholarly journals Stabilitas hasil dan adaptabilitas galur-galur harapan kacang Bogor di tiga lokasi

Kultivasi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Adaptation Test ◽  
The Stability

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1.  Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan  rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t  ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords:  adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability 

scholarly journals Generational Analysis of Generations of M2 and M3 of Green Beans crop (Vigna radiata L.) Gamma-ray Radiation Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Fitri Yanti ◽  
Aslim Rasyad ◽  
Herman Herman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The objective of this research was to determine phenotypic variability of mung bean M2 and M3 Mutant populations resulted from gamma ray irradiation. The Field experiment was conducted by using a completely randomized design in which three populations including M2, M3 and the parent (M0) were planted in 2017. Each population was planted in a plot of 3 m x 2 m with planting space of 30 cm x 20 cm to obtain 100 individual plant per plot. Every population was repeated 5 times so to get  500 plants per population. Observations were collected on all individuals in the population including plant height, number of stem internodes, length of internode, number of primary branches, age of flowering plants, date of harvest, length of pods, number of filled pods, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plants, and weights of 100 seeds. The results showed that gamma ray irradiation produced mung bean plants with a similar date of harvest. It could be seen from mean values ​​which were not significantly different, the values ​​of diversity, and range were almost equal which indicates the diversity of M2, M3 and M0 populations was relatively similar to the control. M2 and M3 generation of mung bean have large and high quality seeds weighing more than 6.5 g/100 seeds. The homogeneity of variance (HOV) analysis showed that variance of all population of all parameters observed were not homogeny except for plant height, number of stem internode and weight of 100 seeds.

Impact of mutant varieties in Malaysia: challenges and future perspectives for mutation breeding.

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Rusli Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Abstract Malaysia has made substantial progress in plant mutation breeding with the use of nuclear techniques and related biotechnologies, not only in the development of new mutant varieties but also in the establishment of an excellent nuclear research centre. A total of 53 mutant varieties have been developed, including rice Oryza sativa (19), banana Musa acuminata (one), groundnut Arachis hypogaea (two), orchid Dendrobium 'Sonia' (six), chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium (seven), hibiscus Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (three), roselles Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (three) and other ornamental and landscaping plants (12). Most of the new ornamental varieties have been developed by both acute and chronic gamma-ray irradiation of seeds, rooted cuttings, bulbs and tissue cultures. Food crops that have an economic impact on sustainable agricultural production are mutant varieties of banana ('Novaria') and rice (MRQ74, MR219-9 and MR219-4). 'Novaria' is a selection made from a mutant, 'GN-60A', of 'Grande Naine' (AAA Musa) identified from gamma-ray treated populations of the Biotechnology Laboratory in Seibersdorf, Austria. 'Novaria' was the first mutant variety, officially released in 1995 by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency as a new variety for its improved characteristics such as early flowering, short stature and high yield. MRQ74 is a type of high-quality fragrant rice with newly induced traits such as resistance to blast, long and slender grain shape, non-sticky and with the elongation properties of cooked rice similar to those of Basmati-type rice. It is an indirect mutant variety released in 2003 and one of its parental lines for cross-breeding was the mutant 'Mahsuri', which was developed through mutation breeding using gamma-rays. In 2014, two new mutant varieties of rice, 'MR219-9' and 'MR219-4', which are drought tolerant, high yielding and resistant to blast, were selected from gamma irradiated material. Despite these achievements, applications of induced mutation have decreased during the past 10 years due to reduced funding. Mutation breeding is still a promising technique for the development of novel varieties which in combination with advanced molecular genetics can bring plant mutation breeding into a new era.

scholarly journals Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) Production, Utilisation and Genetic Improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Nomathemba Gloria Majola ◽  
Abe Shegro Gerrano ◽  
Hussein Shimelis
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Sub Saharan

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) is a nutritionally rich grain legume crop indigenous to Africa. It is tolerant to drought stress and has become adapted to grow under low input and marginal agricultural production systems in Africa and Asia. Bambara groundnut is an orphan crop, and represents a neglected and under researched plant genetic resource. Modern crop management, production technologies, and value chains are yet to be developed in Africa to achieve the potential economic gains from Bambara groundnut production and marketing. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) the production and productivity of Bambara groundnut is low and stagnant because of diverse abiotic and biotic stresses and socio-economic constraints. Improved crop management and post handling technologies, modern varieties with high yield and nutritional quality, value addition, and market access are among the key considerations in current and future Bambara groundnut research and development programs. This paper presents progress on Bambara groundnut production, utilization, and genetic improvement in SSA. It presents the key production constraints, genetic resources and analysis, breeding methods and genetic gains on yield, and nutritional quality and outlook. The information presented will guide the sustainable production and effective breeding of the crop in order to pursue food and nutrition security, and improve livelihoods through Bambara groundnut enterprises.

Selection for Growth Traits on M1V1 Generation of Raja Bulu Banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Obtained by Gamma Rays Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽  
Endang Yuniastuti ◽  
Sukaya Sukaya ◽  
Sonia Ika Yudhita
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

<p><a name="_Hlk39513249"></a><span lang="EN-US">Raja Bulu is one of the banana varieties favored by the community because of its thick fruit flesh and sweet taste. However, its parthenocarpic characteristic and vegetative propagation make this banana variety has limited genetic variation. Attempt to improve the genetic variation was conducted through induced mutation breeding using gamma-ray mutagens. This research aimed to select M1V1 generation of Raja Bulu banana (<em>Musa paradisiaca</em> Linn.) obtained by gamma rays’ irradiation for their growth traits which are expected to produce banana varieties that have an early maturity and high yield. This study used a randomized complete block design without replication by observing the generative growth of each individual of Raja Bulu banana irradiated by gamma rays and without radiation as a control. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation treatment caused Raja Bulu banana to be harvested earlier and produced higher fruit weight than controls. The gamma-ray irradiation had a random influence on Raja Bulu bananas. The 10 Gy gamma-ray irradiation dosage influenced the morphological diversity in the generative phase of Raja Bulu banana. The treatment of gamma irradiation resulted in 5 individual plants that flowered and matured earlier as compared to controls</span><span lang="IN">.</span></p>

Genetic Inconsistency Assessment and Selection Criteria of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.) Landraces for High Yield Revealed by Qualitative and Quantitative traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Mashitah Jusoh ◽  
Md Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Vigna Subterranea

Abstract As a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed significant variation for all the agronomic traits (except plant height). Among the accessions, highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were found for almost all the traits excluding fifty percent flowering date, seed length, seed width. The 16 traits out of the 27 quantitative traits had a coefficient of variation (CV) ≥ 20%. A positive and intermediate to perfect highly significant association (r = 0.23 to 1.00; P < 0.00) was found between yield and its related traits. The trait dry seed weight per plant (g) had the highest GCV = 59.91% and PCV = 59.57% whereas the trait fresh pod weight (99.55%), dry seed weight (98.86%), and yield (98.10%) were highly heritable. The genetic advance recorded the highest for dry seed weight (122.01%) and lowest (3.97%) for plant height. To validate the genetic disparity, an unweighted pair-group produce with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), principal component analysis (PCA), and Hˊ-index was performed considering 27 quantitative traits. The constructed dendrogram showed five distinct groups of accessions. Genotypes G2, G3, and G9 from Group IV consider as promising lines which gave 70.05% higher mean yield compared to grand mean yield (1180 kg ha-1) with desirable traits. Group II had a maximum number of accessions while group III and group V had one of each. However, findings declared that the availability of genetic variance will be beneficial for this crop improvement and plant breeders to prefer desirable traits in V. subterranea L. Verdc. for further breeding purposes.

scholarly journals The improvement of early maturity red rice mutant trait for drought tolerance

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eries D. Mustikarini ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Nur Basuki ◽  
Kuswanto Kuswanto
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Rice Mutant ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
The Right

Accession of red rice does not have the traits of early maturity, drought tolerance and high yield. Mutation is needed to obtain the desired genetic resources. Gamma-ray irradiation is the right method because it was proved capable of producing hundreds of new varieties, which are better than the previous. This study aimed to identify the improvement of early maturity and drought tolerance of red rice mutant to gamma ray irradiation results. The research materials are M4, M5 and M6 strain, which are derived from the Bangka’s accession local red rice (Celak Madu, Ruten Puren and radix). The three accession seed have been treated with gamma-ray irradiation doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gray. The results showed gamma ray irradiation dose of 150 Gray and 200 Gray to red rice accession can form a mutant with the character of harvesting time less than 115 days after planting and was more drought tolerant than the previous. M6-GR150- 1-9-13 strain was selected as a candidate for early maturity, drought tolerant and high yield mutant.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis and selection of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) landraces for high yield revealed by qualitative and quantitative traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Mashitah Jusoh ◽  
Md Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Vigna Subterranea

AbstractAs a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed significant variation for all the agronomic traits (except plant height). Among the accessions, highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were found for almost all the traits excluding fifty percent flowering date, seed length, seed width. The 16 traits out of the 27 quantitative traits had a coefficient of variation (CV) ≥ 20%. A positive and intermediate to perfect highly significant association (r = 0.23 to 1.00; P < 0.00) was found between yield and its related traits. The trait dry seed weight per plant (g) had the highest GCV = 59.91% and PCV = 59.57% whereas the trait fresh pod weight (99.55%), dry seed weight (98.86%), and yield (98.10%) were highly heritable. The genetic advance recorded the highest for dry seed weight (122.01%) and lowest (3.97%) for plant height. To validate the genetic disparity, an unweighted pair-group produce with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), principal component analysis (PCA), heatmap, and H’-index was performed considering 27 quantitative traits. The constructed dendrogram showed five distinct groups of accessions. Genotypes G2, G3, and G9 from Group IV consider as promising lines which gave 70.05% higher mean yield compared to grand mean yield (1180 kg ha−1) with desirable traits. Group II had a maximum number of accessions while group III and group V had one of each. However, findings declared that the availability of genetic variance will be beneficial for this crop improvement through cross breeding as well as the plant breeders to prefer desirable traits in V. subterranea L. Verdc. for further breeding purposes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document