Initial Coin Offerings, Blockchain Technology, and White Paper Disclosures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Feng ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
M.H. Franco Wong ◽  
Mingyue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
White Paper ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Initial Coin Offerings

scholarly journals ESR white paper: blockchain and medical imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elmar Kotter ◽  
Luis Marti-Bonmati ◽  
Adrian P. Brady ◽  
Nandita M. Desouza
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Basic Technology

AbstractBlockchain can be thought of as a distributed database allowing tracing of the origin of data, and who has manipulated a given data set in the past. Medical applications of blockchain technology are emerging. Blockchain has many potential applications in medical imaging, typically making use of the tracking of radiological or clinical data. Clinical applications of blockchain technology include the documentation of the contribution of different “authors” including AI algorithms to multipart reports, the documentation of the use of AI algorithms towards the diagnosis, the possibility to enhance the accessibility of relevant information in electronic medical records, and a better control of users over their personal health records. Applications of blockchain in research include a better traceability of image data within clinical trials, a better traceability of the contributions of image and annotation data for the training of AI algorithms, thus enhancing privacy and fairness, and potentially make imaging data for AI available in larger quantities. Blockchain also allows for dynamic consenting and has the potential to empower patients and giving them a better control who has accessed their health data. There are also many potential applications of blockchain technology for administrative purposes, like keeping track of learning achievements or the surveillance of medical devices. This article gives a brief introduction in the basic technology and terminology of blockchain technology and concentrates on the potential applications of blockchain in medical imaging.

scholarly journals Blockchain technology: development and prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Abstract It has been more than 10 years since Satoshi Nakamoto published his famous paper entitled ‘Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system’, which set the foundation of blockchain technology. Accompanied by the price volatility of bitcoins from 2017 to 2018, blockchain has been a hot word on the internet, and particularly hot in China. Blockchain offers a distributed and secure system for data storage and value transactions. Its applications are springing up in multiple fields. The Chinese government is considering these trends with great caution. Initial coin offering has been banned in China since September 2017. By contrast, an official white paper on China's blockchain technology, which was released in May 2018, said that blockchain technology will be widely applied in the real economy of China within 3 years. In a recent panel discussion held by National Science Review, experts talked about related topics. Their opinions may provide a quick view of the future development of blockchain in China and abroad. Jing Chen Assistant Professor of Computer Science Department, Stony Brook University and Chief Scientist at Algorand LLC, USA Xiaotie Deng Professor of School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, China Guohua Gan Vice President of Beijing Tai Cloud Technology Corp., China Xiaoyun Wang Professor of Institute of Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, China Zhiming Zheng Professor of School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, China Lei Guo (Chair) Professor of Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain Technology and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Sakız ◽  
E. Ayşen Hiç Gencer
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized Control ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network ◽  
Made In

Satoshi Nakamoto is the name used by the presumed pseudonymous person or persons believed to be the inventor of cryptocurrency Bitcoin, came up with the concept of blockchain as a core component of it when published a white paper on “BitCoin: A peer to peer electronic cash system” in 2008, blockchain technology made its public debut. Bitcoin is generally considered the first decentralized cryptocurrency and since the release of it, over 6,000 altcoins have been created. Cryptocurrencies use decentralized control as opposed to well-known, traditional centralized digital currency and also central banking systems. The decentralized control of each cryptocurrency works through distributed ledger technology, typically a blockchain. Blockchain is a system that in which a record of transactions made in cryptocurrencies are maintained across several computers/servers that are linked in a peer-to-peer network. Blockchain based applications provides many opportunities to create a more sustainable world. This paper contribute to the discussion on future avenues for sustainability especially in terms of cryptocurrencies and blockchain based platforms and services.

Blockchain Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Suvarna Sharma ◽  
Puneeta Rosmin ◽  
Amit Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Linear Chain ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Electronic Cash ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Web

Blockchain, as the name suggests, is a linear chain of blocks. It is a digital ledger that holds information on transactions taking place over the web. So every block contains data in the form of coding that is organized in a chronological manner. In 2004, a concept called “reusable proofs of work” was introduced by Hal Finney. In 2009, a mysterious white paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer to Peer Electronic Cash System,” by visionary Satoshi Nakamoto gave birth to the concept of blockchain. This is a survey of blockchain technology that first provides a short introduction of the blockchain, discussing its advantages and followed by possible limitations and their possibilities for the future.

scholarly journals Know-Your-Customer (KYC) Requirements for Initial Coin Offerings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Kathrin Ostern ◽  
Johannes Riedel
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Expected Compliance ◽  
Initial Coin Offerings

AbstractBlockchain technology is often proposed as an infrastructure for decentralized Know-Your-Customer (KYC) verification, i.e., a process determining whether a customer is eligible for a given transaction. The benefit of using blockchain technology lies in the expected compliance costs reduction for companies by automatically enforcing KYC-requirements, whose results are accessible by multiple financial institutions. While information systems researchers have proposed conceptual models and prototypes of blockchain-based KYC-systems, they do not yet consider severe penalties that are applicable to companies if KYC-requirements are not met. Hence, if the legal requirements for KYC-processes cannot be met, these systems are not applicable. The paper uses an objective-centered design science research approach to develop a blockchain-based KYC-system for the conduct of ICOs that is compliant-by-design. To this end, the authors first identify existing KYC-requirements and define corresponding system design objectives that are used to develop a KYC-system that automatically enforces KYC-regulations, thereby preventing money laundering and other forms of identity fraud. Second, the authors contribute to the literature by providing a blueprint for compliant-by-design blockchain-based KYC-systems, in the paper, integrated into the investment flow of an ICO. Third, the authors propose a KYC-system that is applicable in the real world, by making – due to legal certainty – KYC-processes cost-effective, i.e., the proposed blockchain-based KYC-system expectably reduces compliance costs for customers and financial organizations.

Blockchain and records management: disruptive force or new approach?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila Bhatia ◽  
E. Kyle Douglas ◽  
Markus Most
Keyword(s):  
White Paper ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distributed Structure ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Business Application

Purpose Archival repositories rely on the authenticity of records. The potential manipulation of records and information present a unique challenge to archival repositories and their mission to collect, maintain and provide access to the authentic records. The purpose of this paper is to outline the technical aspects of blockchain and describe potential records management and archival implications of the technology. The implications to consider include data management, records existing on a blockchain and records disposition. Design/methodology/approach The approach included reviews of technical literature and attendance at blockchain conferences, workshops and seminars. The literature review focused on general studies, technical publications, use cases and nascent applications for managing records created and stored on a blockchain. The approach is intended to answer the questions: what basic information do records managers need to understand blockchain? How will blockchain technology impact records management? Does blockchain shift toward decentralized records management? Findings Implemented properly, blockchain technology can immutably record transactions and provide independent verification and authentication of digital records. Given the ease with which electronic records can sometimes be manipulated, the promise of certainty and third-party verification has drawn sizeable interest and investment. This paper shows records exist on blockchains and must be managed appropriately. The distributed structure inherent in blockchains is a shift from centralized records management and will challenge the approach and assumptions of the profession. Records managers must determine recordkeeping requirements before developing a business application using blockchain and the fixed nature of blockchains means that these considerations must be included at the outset. Originality/value This proposed paper began as a blockchain white paper produced by the US National Archives for the federal records management community. It has been re-focused as a general review paper for the Records Management Journal to explain blockchain and show how it may be used to address broader records and information management concerns such as authenticity, veracity, and trustworthiness.

IUPAC Blockchain Technology White Paper—Call for input

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-29
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Council Meeting ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Subject

Abstract During the 2019 Council Meeting in Paris, an attendee raised the point that two topics were the subject of high interest in his geographic region, specifically the uses of Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence in scientific research and related activities. To follow-up with these questions, a Task Force was established to develop a White Paper on Blockchain Technology to be published and circulated to all NAO’s prior to the 2021 World Chemistry Congress. 

Blockchain-Based Tokens as Financing Instruments

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Lennart Ante
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Corporate Financing ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Coordinated Regulation ◽  
Initial Coin Offerings ◽  
Sme Financing

Blockchain technology represents a technological basis with which existing corporate financing processes can be supplemented. The issuance of digital tokens offers several potential advantages such as tradability, efficiency, automation, and cost benefits compared to traditional financial products. This transformation of financing processes and capital markets can allow small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to access capital markets and at the same time close existing retail investment gaps. In this chapter, the challenges of SME financing are described and blockchain-based financing (initial coin offerings [ICOs] and security token offerings [STOs]) is introduced. The blockchain-based financing mechanisms are compared with conventional forms of financing and potentials and challenges are discussed. In conclusion, it is stated that potential clearly outweighs risk and that the majority of all existing challenges can be tackled through sensible and coordinated regulation.

Cryptoassets

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
The World ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Initial Coin Offerings

Cryptoassets represent one of the most high-profile financial products in the world, and fastest growing financial products in history. From Bitcoin, Etherium, and Ripple’s XRP—so-called “utility tokens” used to access financial services—to initial coin offerings that in 2017 rivaled venture capital in money raised for startups, with an estimated $5.6 billion (USD) raised worldwide across 435 Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). All the while, technologists have hailed the underlying blockchain technology for these assets as potentially game-changing applications for financial payments and record-keeping. At the same time, cryptoassets have produced considerable controversy. Many have turned out to be lackluster investments for investors. Others, especially ICOs, have also attracted noticeable fraud, failing firms, and alarming lapses in information sharing with investors. Consequently, many commentators around the world have pressed that ICO tokens be considered securities, and that concomitant registration and disclosure requirements attach to their sales to the public.

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