The Network Topology of Locally Interacting Agents and System-Level Distributions of Agent Actions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Schlossberger
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Interacting Agents

Safety evaluation of truss structures using nested discrete Bayesian networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1924-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-En Fang ◽  
Jia-li Tan ◽  
Xiao-Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Directed Edge ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Nested Network

Truss structures have been widely adopted for civil structures such as long-span buildings and bridges. An actual truss system is usually statically indeterminate having numerous members and high redundancy. It is practically difficult to evaluate the truss safety through traditional reliability-based approaches in view of complex failure modes and uncertainties. Moreover, monitoring data are generally insufficient in reality due to limited sensors under cost consideration. Therefore, a nested discrete Bayesian network has been developed for safety evaluation of truss structures. A concept of member risk coefficient is first proposed based on the mechanical relationship between load effects and member resistance. According to the coefficients of all members, member risk sequences are found as the basis for establishing the topology of a member-level Bayesian network. Each network node represents a truss member and a nodal variable having three states: elasticity, plasticity, and failure. Two relevant member nodes are connected by a directed edge whose causality strength is expressed by a conditional probability table. Meanwhile, a system-level network topology is established to reflect the effects of member states on the truss system. The system is assigned with a node having two states: safety and failure. The directed edge of each member node directly points to the system node. Then, the two networks are combined to form a nested network topology. By this means, direct topology learning is avoided in order to find rational and concise topologies satisfying the mechanical characteristics of civil structures. After that, the conditional probability tables for the nested network are obtained through parameter learning on complete numerical observation data. The data acquirement procedure takes into account uncertainties by defining the randomness of cross-sectional areas and external loads. With the conditional probability tables, the nested network is ready for use. When new evidence from limited monitored members is input into the nested network, the state probabilities of the other members, as well as the system, are simultaneously updated using exact inference algorithms. The inference ability using insufficient information well accords with the demand of engineering practice. Finally, the proposed method has been successfully verified against both numerical and experimental truss structures. It was found that the network estimations could be further confirmed with more evidence.

Game Theory

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Bohnet
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Evolutionary Games ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Behavioral Game Theory ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
Behavioral Game ◽  
The Relationship

This article considers how game theory can be simultaneously deployed as a tool for framing questions and for formal analytical investigation of the relationship between micro-level decisions and macro-level outcomes. It first provides an overview of some basic concepts of game theory before turning to evolutionary game theory and its most salient features, including the concept of equilibrium. It then examines behavioral game theory and presents examples of how game theory has been used in the field of sociology for the purposes of thinking and for the derivation of system-level outcomes. It also reviews studies that have used game theory in a more formal way in order to derive aggregate distributions from a social system comprising interacting agents and to explain aggregate outcomes. Finally, it describes various applications of evolutionary games and suggests that evolutionary game theory may provide an especially fecund tool for sociologists.

A Modeler-Friendly API for ABM Partitioning

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
La´szlo´ Gulya´s ◽  
Ga´bor Szemes ◽  
George Kampis ◽  
Walter de Back
Keyword(s):  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Emergent Behavior ◽  
System Level ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Java Language ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
Communication Topology ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Domain Independent

Agent Based Modeling (ABM) is a popular technique for dealing with complex systems. An ABM usually consists of many autonomous, interacting agents, and modelers are interested in the system-level, emergent behavior of these agents. In developing an ABM, scalability is one of most critical factors for validation. Looking for an acceptable solution, parallelization often comes into play. However, writing a parallel version of an ABM simulation is at least as hard as developing the original model, and usually takes an expert of the area. This paper demonstrates our ongoing developments based on the idea that ABMs can be classified on the basis of their interior communication topology. We have developed six reusable parallel simulation schemas that can be instantiated with simulation-specific code using the Java language. Our aim was to give general, domain independent support for ABM modelers, where the parallel piece of code is completely transparent. The hope is that ABM modelers can treat their parallel system in almost the same way as they do the original. The paper details our approach as well as the implementation and, towards the end, shows performance results and how one of the templates works in a GRID system.

Where do we stand? Comparing system-level service lines in the private sector and in VHA

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Charns ◽  
Victoria A. Parker ◽  
William H. Wubbenhorst
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
System Level

Resilient futures: An individual and system-level approach to improve the well-being and resilience of disadvantaged young Australians.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan J. Raymond ◽  
Matthew Iasiello ◽  
Aaron Jarden ◽  
David Michael Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
System Level

Gradient based system-level diagnosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Balázs Polgár ◽  
Endre Selényi
Keyword(s):  
System Level ◽  
Gradient Based

Interconnect Limits on Gigascale Integration (GSI)

1997 ◽  
Vol 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Davis ◽  
J. D. Meindl
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Path Model ◽  
System Level ◽  
Wire Length ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Gigascale Integration ◽  
Logic Network ◽  
Binary Switching ◽  
Quantitative Definition

ABSTRACTOpportunities for Gigascale Integration (GSI) are governed by a hierarchy of physical limits. The levels of this hierarchy have been codified as: 1) fundamental, 2) material, 3) device, 4) circuit and 5) system. Many key limits at all levels of the hierarchy can be displayed in the power, P, versus delay, td, plane and the reciprocal length squared, L-2, versus response time, τ, plane. Power, P, is the average power transfer during a binary switching transition and delay, td, is the time required for the transition. Length, L, is the distance traversed by an interconnect that joins two nodes on a chip and response time, τ, characterizes the corresponding interconnect circuit. At the system level of the hierarchy, quantitative definition of both the P versus td and the L-2 versus τ displays requires an estimate of the complete stochastic wiring distribution of a chip.Based on Rent's Rule, a well known empirical relationship between the number of signal input/output terminals on a block of logic and the number of gate circuits with the block, a rigorous derivation of a new complete stochastic wire length distribution for an on-chip random logic network is described. This distribution is compared to actual data for modern microprocessors and to previously described distributions. A methodology for estimating the complete wire length distribution for future GSI products is proposed. The new distribution is then used to enhance the critical path model that determines the maximum clock frequency of a chip; to derive a preliminary power dissipation model for a random logic network; and, to define an optimal architecture of a multilevel interconnect network that minimizes overall chip size. In essence, a new complete stochastic wiring distribution provides a generic basis for maximizing the value obtained from a multilevel interconnect technology.

The role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy as a result of ART

2016 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
B.M. Ventskivskiy ◽  
◽  
I.V. Poladych ◽  
S.O. Avramenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Premature Labor ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of multiple pregnancies and the associated perinatal losses. It is a result of multiple pregnancy in ART refers to a high-risk gestation, at which premature births occur in 2 times more often than in singleton pregnancies. The objective: to determine the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Patients and methods. to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokines that all pregnant with bagtopliddyam held immunosorbent assay, defined concentrations of interleukin (IL) in serum and cervical mucus. Results. The analysis of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8) in the test environment, found high concentrations in the surveyed women with multiple pregnancy, due to the use of ART, compared with spontaneous multiple and singleton pregnancy. Increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple pregnancy by ART is associated with their synthesis at the system level, it stimulated foci of inflammation in the female genitals and extragenital localization. This correlates with the clinical data and statistical analysis, patients with multiple pregnancy as a result of ART had weighed infectious-inflammatory history. Conclusion. The study showed that elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the systemic and local level in patients with multiple pregnancy due to ART, typical for women with miscarriage, because of the physiological course of pregnancy characterized by the predominance of anti-inflammatory cytokines that prevent rejection of the fetus as a foreign factor. Based on the data obtained proved the role of systemic inflammatory factors in the genesis of preterm labor in women with a multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Key words: multiple pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology, premature birth, interleukine-1, interleukine-8.

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