Core Political Values? A Comparative Analysis of Left-Right Political Ideology and Cultural Orientations Among Policy Elites and the General Public

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoboo Song ◽  
Rachael M. Moyer
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
General Public ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
Policy Elites

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Эдиль Канатбеков
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Political Norms

В статье рассматривается политическая культура Кыргызстана как одна из важных основ политической жизни общества. Уделяется внимание на необходимость развития политической культуры общества, как фундаментальной основы цивилизации, основ существования общества и общественных отношений. В работе анализируется сущность политической культуры. Описывается проблема формирования политической культуры Кыргызстана как одной из актуальных тем, на протяжении многих лет. Рассматривается формирование и становление политической культуры Кыргызстана, как очень трудоёмкий и долговременный процесс, обусловленный определенными аспектами политико-культурологического характера. Политическая культура конкретной общности состоит из представлений индивидов, их взглядов, политических ценностей, политической идеологии и символики, политических норм, стандартов, стереотипов. Каждый субъект страны являясь гражданином так или иначе становиться свидетелем и даже участником политической реальности, тем самым на основе этих элементов и опыта человек формирует собственный взгляд и определяет для себя систему ценностей и линию поведения. Макалада Кыргызстандын саясий маданияты коомдун саясий турмушунун маанилүү негиздеринин бири катары каралат. Цивилизациянын фундаменталдык негизи, коомдун жана коомдук мамилелердин негиздеринин маңызы катары коомдун саясий маданиятын өнүктүрүү зарылдыгына көңүл бурулган. Изилдөө ишинде саясий маданияттын маани-маңызына анализ жүргүзүлгөн. Кыргызстанда саясий маданияттын калыптануу көйгөйү көп жылдардан бери актуалдуу темалардын бири катары эсептелинет. Кыргызстандын саясий маданиятынын калыптанышы жана калыптануусу саясий жана маданий мүнөздүн айрым аспектилерине байланыштуу өтө эмгекчил жана узак мөөнөттүү процесс катары каралат. Белгилүү бир коомдун саясий маданияты жеке адамдардын идеяларынан, алардын көз караштарынан, саясий баалуулуктарынан, саясий идеологиясынан жана символдорунан, саясий нормаларынан, стандарттарынан, стереотиптеринен турат. Өлкөнүн ар бир субъектиси, ошол өлкөнүн жараны болуп туруп, кандайдыр бир жол менен саясий чындыктын интригасынын күбөсү, ал тургай, катышуучусу болуп калат, ошентип, адам ушул элементтердин жана тажрыйбанын негизинде өзүнүн көз карашын калыптандырат жана өзү үчүн баалуулуктар системасын жана жүрүм-турум линиясын аныктайт. Тhe article considers the political culture of Kyrgyzstan as one of the important foundations of the political life of society. Attention paid to the need to develop the political culture of society as the fundamental basis of civilization, the foundations of the existence of society and social relations. The paper analyzes the essence of political culture. The article describes the problem of forming the political culture of Kyrgyzstan as one of the topical issues for many years. The article considers the formation and formation of the political culture of Kyrgyzstan as a very labor-intensive and long-term process, due to certain aspects of political and cultural character. Тhe Political culture of a particular community consists of individual representations, their views, political values, political ideology and symbols, political norms, standards, and stereotypes. Each subject of the country, being a citizen, in one way or another becomes a witness and even a participant in the intrigue of political reality, thereby the basis of these elements and experience, a person forms his own view and defines for himself a system of values and a line of behavior.

Taking Social Cohesion to Task: Perceptions of Transgender Military Inclusion and Concepts of Cohesion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Spindel ◽  
Robert Ralston
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
General Public ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Unit Effectiveness ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unit Cohesion

Abstract Recent political debates over the inclusion of transgender servicemembers in the US military center around the impact such inclusion will have on unit cohesion and effectiveness. Missing from the debate, however, are the perceptions of those who do the soldiering. What are their perceptions of cohesion? Do they, like political leaders and the general public, believe unit cohesion leads to military effectiveness? In other words, how much does the narrative at the elite level—that insists excluding minority groups is a military necessity—match the perceptions of those who serve? Drawing on an original survey of 151 current and former members of the US military, our results suggest that servicemembers’ perceptions mirror those in the general public: political ideology is correlated with beliefs that minority groups disrupt unit cohesion. We find that conservatives are more likely to believe that the inclusion of transgender soldiers will negatively impact cohesion and undermine unit effectiveness. Moreover, conservatives are more likely to endorse a conceptualization of cohesion that hinges on the social—“people like me” or “band of brothers”—dynamics of cohesion rather than more professional, task-oriented conceptions of cohesion. However, military experience affects these perceptions: respondents with combat experience, who held/hold a higher rank, and who are currently serving are more likely to endorse a task-based conception of cohesion that ties cohesion to professionalism and competence, rather than social identity.

Access to environmental information: A comparative analysis of the Aarhus Convention with Brazilian Legislation

elni Review ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Sandra Aline Nascimento da Nóbrega
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Aarhus Convention ◽  
Actual Effectiveness ◽  
Procedural Rights

In order to get the general public more involved in decisions regarding sustainable economic development, the Brazilian Congress approved a law specifically targeting availability and access to environmental information in 2003. This law was clearly inspired by the principles of 1998 Aarhus Convention which established the procedural rights to access to environmental information, public participation and access to court in environmental matters among European countries. This paper aims to compare the Aarhus Convention – with its innovative nature and open administrative and democratic practices – with applications on access to environmental information in Brazil. It first gives a brief explanation of the Aarhus Convention, followed by an overview of access to environmental information in Brazilian legislation and its recent evolution. The paper compares Brazilian legislation and the Aarhus Convention and identifies which criteria of the Aarhus Convention regarding access to environmental information have already been introduced in Brazilian legislation. In addition, the paper discusses the actual effectiveness of Brazilian Law 10.650/03 through an empirical exercise seeking to estimate how often it has been used to access environmental information.

Feminist Identity, Feminist Politics

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Kelly ◽  
Gordon Gauchat
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Feminist Identity ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
And Gender

Feminist scholars and activists have endorsed a broad and intersectional political agenda that addresses multiple dimensions of inequality, such as gender, sexuality, race/ethnicity, and class. We examine whether or not this perspective is also held by self-identified feminists in the general public. Drawing on public opinion polls from 2007 to 2009, we assess self-identified feminists’ attitudes toward a range of social policies. We find that after controlling for sociodemographic factors and political ideology, feminist identity is associated with progressive attitudes on policies related to gender and sexuality (e.g., abortion) as well as policies related to other social justice issues (e.g., immigration, health care). We also find some interactions between feminist identity and gender, age, education, and political ideology, suggesting some heterogeneity in feminists’ political attitudes. Overall, these findings suggest that feminists in the general public support an intersectional social justice agenda rather than a narrow focus on gender issues.

scholarly journals Estudio contrastivo de las competencias orales en las aplicaciones móviles (apps) para el estudio del Francés Lengua Extranjera (FLE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-51
Author(s):  
Mª José Arévalo Benito ◽  
Arrate Aldama Epelde
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
General Public ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nous Permet ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Analyse Comparative ◽  
Oral Skills

El objetivo de este artículo es establecer un análisis comparativo de cuatro aplicaciones móviles (apps) diseñadas para la adquisición del francés como lengua extranjera (FLE). Dos de ellas se dirigen a un público generalista en el que el francés es una de las lenguas ofrecidas: Bussu y Duolingo. Los otros dos han siso creadas exclusivamente para aprender FLE: Le Bon Mot et Français Premier Pas.La revisión bibliográfica nos permite afirmar que la autonomía y la sencillez son ventajas del uso de las apps, mientras que el aspecto repetitivo sigue siendo una limitación. Nos centraremos en el estudio de los ejercicios propuestos en las aplicaciones seleccionadas con respecto a las habilidades orales de comprensión y expresión. Nuestro estudio llega a la conclusión de que, aunque las habilidades de comprensión están bastante bien desarrolladas, las de expresión podrían mejorarse para que estas aplicaciones sean herramientas eficaces. The purpose of this article is to establish a comparative analysis of four mobile applications (apps) designed to acquire French as a Foreign Language (FFL). Two of them are aimed at a general public where French is one of the languages offered: Bussu and Duolingo. The other two were created exclusively for FLE learning: Le Bon Mot and Français Premiers Pas. The bibliographical review allows us to affirm that autonomy and simplicity are assets of the use of apps, while the repetitive side remains a constraint. We will then focus on the study of the exercises proposed in the selected apps with regard to the oral skills of comprehension and expression. Our study comes to the conclusion that, even if comprehension skills are quite well developed, expression skills could be improved to make these apps efficient tools. Le but de cet article est d’établir une analyse comparative de quatre d’applications mobiles (apps) conçues pour acquérir le Français Langue Étrangère (FLE). Deux d’entre elles sont dirigées à un public généraliste où le français est l’une des langues proposées : Bussu et Duolingo. Les deux autres ont été crées exclusivement pour l’apprentissage du FLE: Le Bon Mot et Français Premier Pas. La révision bibliographique nous permet d’affirmer que l’autonomie et la simplicité sont des atouts de l’utilisation des apps, tandis que le côté répétitif reste une contrainte. Nous nous centrerons, par la suite, dans l’étude des exercices proposés dans les applications choisies en ce qui concerne les compétences orales de compréhension et l’expression. Notre étude arrive à la conclusion que, même si les compétences de compréhension se trouvent assez bien développées, celles d’expression pourraient améliorer pour faire de ces apps des outils performants.

scholarly journals Κρίση αξιών ή οι αξίες της κρίσης: Σταθερότητα και μεταβολή προσωπικών και πολιτικών αξιών στην Ελλάδα της ύφεσης

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Βασίλης Παυλόπουλος
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Conservative Values

This study aimed to explore patterns of stability and change of personal values, political values and ideology in Greece during the economic crisis. Based on the modernization theory (Inglehart, 1971, 2008) and the dual process motivational model for the determinants of political ideology (Duckitt & Sibley, 2010), we hypothesized that the perception of crisis as threatening will lead to a decrease in the importance of anxiety-free values and a shift towards conservatism. We also studied the relations between values and ideology, along with a structural model of these relationships on the basis of the theory across two time points. The sample consisted of 385 subjects (52% women, mean age 41.7 years) in 2009 and 521 subjects (50% women, mean age 38.7 years) in 2014. Participants filled in self-report questionnaires on their basic personal values (Schwarz et al., 2001), core political values (Schwartz et al., 2010) and political self-placement (left/right). Findings provided only partial support to the research hypotheses: a decline was found in self-transcendence values (universalism, equality), but at the same time in conservative values (tradition, conformity, security) as well, although the effect sizes were generally small. Agreement with conservative values led to stronger right political orientation at the secondtime point (2014). The stability of a two-component model of values and ideology was confirmed, consisting of openness vs. resistance to change, on one hand, and acceptance vs. rejection of inequality, on theother.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IAPWS-IF97 FORMULATION PERFORMANCE FOR THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF WATER ON A RANKINE CYCLE

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fonseca Jr. ◽  
P. S. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
General Public ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
International Association ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Specific Enthalpy ◽  
Specific Entropy ◽  
Compressed Liquid ◽  
Computational Implementation

The present paper presents the computational implementation of the industrial formulation of the thermodynamic properties of water at liquid and steam phases, proposed by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, known as IAPWS-IF97. The validity field extends over to temperatures T between 0ºC and 800°C, for pressures p up to 100 MPa. Temperature T, specific volume v, specific enthalpy h, specific entropy s, specific heat at constant pressure cp and constant volume cv, besides saturation pressure ps, are calculated having a pair of known input values (p,T), (p,h) or (p,s). A comparative analysis between the IAPWS-IF97 routines and others, based on foregoing propositions, from an application on Rankine cycle, is made. IAPWS-IF97 has proved to be more precise, mainly because it accounts for the region of compressed liquid, besides requiring less processing time. The development is carried out as FORTRAN90 subroutines and functions and is available for public use according to a General Public License.

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