The Role of Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Practices to Prevent Diarrhea in Developing Countries

Background: Maintenance of drinking-water quality is a pillar of primary prevention and continues to be the foundation for the prevention and control of waterborne diseases. Improved water supply and sanitation, and better management of water resources, can boost countries’ economic growth and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction. The objective of the study was to assess household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) practice.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 2 months. Total of 250 household were surveyed under the UHTC. Data was collected using WHO toolkit for monitoring and evaluating household water treatment and safe storage programme. Descriptive analysis was done.Results: Majority had piped connection (32%) followed by public standpipe (31.2%), hand pump (27.6%) as source of water. 60% had knowledge about boiling followed by chlorination 27%, membrane filters 22.4%. Majority i.e. 63% of the participants had thought boiling as the best method for disinfection of drinking water.Conclusions: Majority had piped connection, Maximum kept water container clean and covered. Only one fourth of the total household surveyed suffered from diarrhea in last 6 months.

Download Full-text

International Network to Promote Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

10.3201/eid1006.040243 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1179-1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Thomas F. Clasen ◽

Eric D. Mintz

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

International Network ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Safe Storage ◽

Household Water

Download Full-text

The drinking water response to the Indian Ocean tsunami, including the role of household water treatment

Disaster Prevention and Management An International Journal ◽

10.1108/09653560610654338 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 190-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thomas Clasen ◽

Lucy Smith ◽

Jeff Albert ◽

Andrew Bastable ◽

Jean‐Francois Fesselet

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Household Water ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

Water Response

Download Full-text

Antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of two household water treatment devices that use monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2016.153 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 950-960

Author(s):

Kyle S. Enger ◽

Emaly S. Leak ◽

Tiong Gim Aw ◽

Angela D. Coulliette ◽

Joan B. Rose

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Murine Norovirus ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Bacteriophage Ms2 ◽

Household Water ◽

Before And After ◽

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Many different household water treatment (HWT) methods have been researched and promoted to mitigate the serious burden of diarrheal disease in developing countries. However, HWT methods using bromine have not been extensively evaluated. Two gravity-fed HWT devices (AquaSure™ and Waterbird™) were used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of HaloPure® Br beads (monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene) that deliver bromine. As water flows over the beads, reactive bromine species are eluted, which inactivate microorganisms. To assess log10 reduction values (LRVs) for Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium, bacteriophage MS2, human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2), and murine norovirus (MN), these organisms were added to potable water and sewage-contaminated water. These organisms were quantified before and after water treatment by the HWT devices. On average, 6 LRVs against Vibrio were attained, as well as 5 LRVs against Salmonella, 4 LRVs against MS2, 5 LRVs against HAdV2, and 3 LRVs against MN. Disinfection was similar regardless of whether sewage was present. Polymer beads delivering bromine to drinking water are a potentially effective and useful component of HWT methods in developing countries.

Download Full-text