scholarly journals The Family Peer Effect on Mothers' Labour Supply

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheti Nicoletti ◽  
Kjell G. Salvanes ◽  
Emma Tominey
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Peer Effect ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals The Family Peer Effect on Mothers' Labour Supply

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheti Nicoletti ◽  
Kjell G. Salvanes ◽  
Emma Tominey
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Peer Effect ◽  
The Family

From Housewives to Independent Earners: How the Tax System Can Help Women to Work in a Context of Strong Familialism

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO FIGARI
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Lone Mothers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Redistributive Effects ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Southern European Countries ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe Southern European countries share a similar welfare system which does not perform well either in terms of equity or efficiency. Using EUROMOD, the EU-wide microsimulation model, this paper evaluates the enhancement of both the redistributive and the incentive effects of the Italian tax-benefit system by introducing either a family-based or an individual in-work benefit, financed through the abolition of the existing tax credit targeted at dependent adults. The results show an increase in the labour supply of women both in couples and lone mothers, in particular among the poorest, with important redistributive effects. The in-work benefits can contribute to the de-familialisation of the Mediterranean welfare states by reducing the reliance on the family and compensating the cost of services.

scholarly journals Family and peer effect on young and adolescent smoking in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moin Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Rubayyat Hashmi ◽  
Mohammad Habibullah Pulok ◽  
Kathy Tannous ◽  
Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Peer Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Urban Male

Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking among youth has become a major public health problem in many developing countries like Bangladesh. Many smokers start smoking in their teens; then they become addicted and deepen the dependency during early adulthood, maintaining their smoking behaviour. Current literature from Bangladesh has not examined how peer effect, family influence and smoking-related knowledge impact smoking behaviour of the adolescent and young adults from the urban areas of the country. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by investigating the smoking patterns of urban male adolescents and young adults in Bangladesh. The study aims to examine the family and peer influence on the behaviour of smoking of this population group. The study also explores how knowledge on harmful effects of smoking affects the participation decision of smoking by young adults and adolescents. Methods: This study is an educational institution-based cross-sectional study within the framework of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). Primary data has been collected from a sample of 995 urban male students aged between 10-24 years living in the seven divisional headquarters of Bangladesh. We use logistic regression and count data regression models to examine how smoking is associated with different factors. Results: Our results suggest that a person is 45% more prone to smoke a cigarette if any of the family members is a smoker. The likelihood of smoking is about six times higher if he is offered a cigarette by his friend, whereas the likelihood of being a smoker is 15-fold if he has a smoker friend, as the findings reveal. However, institutional and family awareness are not significantly related to smoking. Conclusion: Strong evidence of peer and family effect on smoking initiation indicates the need for effective smoking-prevention intervention at the national level, specifically targeted at family and educational institutions. The findings are also relevant for other countries which share the similar characteristics of Bangladesh in terms of adolescent smoking determinants.

scholarly journals Research into Labour, Employment and Work in New Zealand: An Overview

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Morrison
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Regional Labour Markets ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Work And Employment

The Eighth Conference on Labour, Work and Employment attracted 32 papers which, as well as covering themes addressed in previous conferences such as earnings differentials and regional labour markets, also ventures into  new areas, notably the influence of health on labour supply, the role of the family and social exclusion. The conference received two further papers on the Maori and two comparative papers addressing differences between New Zealand and the experience of Denmark to the Netherlands. New concepts such as spatial hysteresis were applied and new types of data were introduced including Statistics New Zealand's micro level record data. New approaches were also taken to longstanding questions such as the trends in self-employment and de· industrialisation.

scholarly journals The “Family 500+” programme and female labour force participation in Poland. Demographic and economic determinants

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-43
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Bartosik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour Supply ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Impact

The paper investigates the effect of child cash benefit “Family 500+” on the female labour supply in Poland, taking into account demographic and cyclical determinants. The study is based on the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and Polish Central Statistical Office quarterly data. The analyses cover the period of 2016–2018. The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is the measure of labour supply. The analysis uses a counterfactual method to determine the impact of demographic and behavioural changes on female labour supply. To identify the causes of the economic inactivity of women (adopted by LFS), decomposition of the growth rate of economically inactive women is applied. The effect of the business cycle on female labour supply is analysed using OLS recursive regression. The study found that the LFPR of women aged 25–44 decreased after 2015. This was related to the cash transfers under the “Family 500+” programme and the increasing number of economically inactive women by reason of “family and household responsibilities”. At the same time, changes in the demographic structure contributed positively to the LFPR of women aged 25–44, while the business cycle did not have a significant impact on it. OLS recursive regression showed that in the 25–44 age group, the introduction of “Family 500+” coincided with changes in the relationships between the LFPR, the percentage of the “discouraged”, economically inactive women by reason of “family responsibilities” and the unemployment rate.

scholarly journals Family taxation and labour market participation incentives in Italy

2012 ◽  
pp. 189-217
Author(s):  
Arnstein Aassve ◽  
Maria Grazia Pazienza ◽  
Chiara Rapallini
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Current System ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Family ◽  
French Family ◽  
The Individual

The potential implications of using the family as opposed to the individual as the unit of taxation are not clear. This applies both to work incentives and distributional outcomes. In this paper we evaluate the effects of a hypothetical reform of Italian income taxation both on labour supply incentives and on redistribution of income between families with different composition and income levels. In particular, we analyze the potential effects of a shift from the current system of individual taxation to a system of family taxation similar to the French family-splitting approach by implementing a tax-benefit model. Based on data from the Bank of Italy Survey of Household Income and Wealth, our simulations show a reduction in the degree of progressivity and a disincentive for the labour supply of additional earners within the family.

The impact of LAWA on the family labour supply among farm households

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyuan Luo ◽  
Genti Kostandini ◽  
Jeffrey L Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Towards a Synthesis of Economic and Sociological Theories of Family Labour Supply

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Supply Function ◽  
The Family ◽  
Allocation Of Time ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Family Bargaining ◽  
Time Theory

Economists have generally ignored the family in micro-economic theory by treating households as one person. Becker’s allocation of time theory has spawned a number of labour supply studies which claim to take account of the family. It is argued in this paper that the labour supply function is indeterminate except under highly unpalatable assumptions. Indeterminacy results in family bargaining which needs to be considered by economists. It is argued that family bargaining is a subject requiring sociological treatment. Economic and sociological approaches to labour supply decisions are surveyed and a synthetic framework, of the two, for empirical work, put forward.

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