The Keynesian Multiplier and the Pigou Effect Under Substitution between Private and Public Consumption

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis C. Corchhn
Keyword(s):  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public

scholarly journals Financial sector and economic growth in the Republic of Croatia 1995-2005

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (168) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Damir Novotny
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Credit Expansion ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Global Economic Growth

Financial sector in the Republic of Croatia had a strong growth between 1995 2005.g. Liberalization of financial sector in 1999 led to an increase in bank foreign debt, which resulted in a strong increase in foreign currency reserves and appreciation of the national currency. The growth of the financial sector and credit expansion have been allocated in favour of private and public consumption, but not in industry investments. GDP growth didn't have the same momentum as financial aggregates. Economic growth, after a contraction in 1999 was within the average of global economic growth. Relying on neoclassical growth model, government and central bank didn't put in place the needed set of pro-active policies. Factor allocation was solely through private bank channels financing private consumption. If the sustainable economic growth and new employment are to be major macroeconomic goals, a new macroeconomic paradigm as combination of neclassical and neokeynesians approach will be needed.

scholarly journals Private and public consumption across generations in Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Rice ◽  
Jeromey B Temple ◽  
Peter F McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public

Chapter I. The Home Economy

1978 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 7-23
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Real Output ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public

Total real output stagnated completely in 1977. Private and public consumption and gross fixed investment all fell, but this was slightly more than offset by relatively buoyant exports and by some restocking. Despite the very small increase in total final demand, the volume of imports rose by about 4 1/2 per cent, leaving gross domestic product virtually unchanged from its 1976 level. Unemployment rose, albeit erratically, by under 100 thousand during the year, and stood at just under 1.4 million in January of this year (Great Britain, excluding school leavers, seasonally adjusted). The rate of consumer price inflation began to fall in the second half of 1977; the consumer price index is estimated to have been just under 13 per cent higher than a year earlier in the last quarter. The balance of payments on current account moved into surplus in the second half of the year, but revisions to the official estimates of invisible trade mean that the surplus for the year as a whole is now estimated to have been only about £100 million.

Tax Competition for Heterogeneous Firms with Endogenous Entry

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B Davies ◽  
Carsten Eckel
Keyword(s):  
Tax Competition ◽  
Pure Strategy ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Strategy Equilibrium ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Optimal Taxes ◽  
Number Of Firms

This paper models tax competition for mobile firms that are differentiated by their productivities. Because taxes affect the distribution of firms, they affect wages, prices, and the number of firms. From the social planner's perspective, optimal taxes efficiently distribute income between private and public consumption and are harmonized, providing the optimal number of firms. This is not a Nash equilibrium. As is common in such models, equilibrium taxes are inefficiently low. Furthermore, there is no pure strategy equilibrium with equal taxes resulting in too many firms. This illustrates a new distortion from tax competition and a new benefit from harmonization. (JEL H21, H25, H87)

Chapter II. The World Economy

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 36-52
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Fixed Investment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Main Components

Most recent data confirm that in the OECD area as a whole the fall in output in the second quarter of last year and the flattening out in the third quarter were followed by renewed growth in the fourth quarter. All the main components of final domestic demand contributed and, though fixed investment remained below the first quarter level (table 1), both private and public consumption may well have exceeded this. In Western Europe, however, industrial production declined further in both the third and fourth quarters and any recovery by the end of the year appears to have been no more than marginal even for GDP.

SUBSTITUTABILITY BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE CONSUMPTION IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRACE NKANSA ASANTE ◽  
GIDEON AMANKWAH ◽  
GODWILL BRUCE NYARKOH ◽  
SAMUEL TAWIAH BAIDOO
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Private Consumption ◽  
Think Tanks ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan

The question of whether private and public consumption are complements or substitutes has been an issue of concern and hence, attracted the attention of researchers and policy think tanks. This study therefore investigates this important phenomenon within the context of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to inform the design of fiscal policy measures. Using panel data spanning the period 1981–2016 for 21 sub-Saharan African countries, the results indicate that, government and private consumption are substitutes. This indicates that government spending crowds out private consumption in the sub region. Vital policy implications have been provided for consideration based on the findings.

scholarly journals Ukrainian Enterprises in the Tandem of Decarbonization Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
O. P. Romanko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
World Market ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Production ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Independent Work

The article is aimed at reflecting the essence of the course of European countries to reduce carbon emissions, which is the core of the policy of decarbonization. The stages of implementation of such a policy lead to structural changes in production, and quarantine conditions during the pandemic lead to changes in public consumption of certain types of goods. In addition to the economic stages of the implementation of the «green program», the EU countries have developed an investment plan to activate private and public production in the appropriate direction. Private investors join it in order to get involved in projects with the State guarantee of their implementation – both in European countries and from abroad. At present, such promising and global economic and investment measures to ensure the policy of decarbonization are not taking place in Ukraine. However, the private sector of Ukrainian production reacts ahead, in contrast to the State legislative position, with a certainty as to priority opportunities in order to increase competitiveness. Taking into account these major external factors of influence, it is identified the goods that have undergone significant changes in their demand, namely: devices for heating the premises. The dynamics of the sale of this product has increased in the world market due to lockdowns in different countries, and in the Ukrainian market – due to the fact that domestic producers have competitive prospects. The article examines the volume of world imports and exports of devices for heating premises, describes ways of selling Ukrainian goods abroad, as well as reasoned prospects for new, underserved foreign markets. In addition, domestic enterprises carrying out innovative production of this ware are identified and an analysis of its competitiveness is carried out. The successful sale of this product is facilitated by the independent work of the domestic producer to promote its own export goods, as well as existing consumer changes due to the deepening of most European countries into the «green» policy.

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