scholarly journals The Intergenerational Transmission of Noncognitive Skills and Their Effect on Education and Employment Outcomes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildefonso Mendez ◽  
Gema Zamarro
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Noncognitive Skills ◽  
Education And Employment

scholarly journals How adolescent health influences education and employment: investigating longitudinal associations and mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R Hale ◽  
Russell M Viner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Education And Employment

BackgroundEducation is recognised as a strong determinant of health. Yet there is increasing concern that health in adolescence may also influence educational attainments and future life chances. We examined associations between health in early adolescence and subsequent academic and employment outcomes, exploring potential mediators of these relationships to inform intervention strategies.MethodsWe used data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England. Adolescent health was measured at waves 1 and 2. Outcomes included educational attainment at age 16 years and being NEET (not in education, employment or training) at age 19 years. Associations were adjusted for ethnicity, area-level deprivation and early adolescent academic attainment. Where significant associations were identified, we examined the role of hypothesised mediators including attendance and truancy, classroom behaviour, substance use and psychological distress.ResultsHealth conditions in early adolescence predicted poor subsequent education and employment outcomes (ORs ranged from 1.25 to 1.72) with the exception of long-term chronic conditions and NEET status, which were unassociated. The most consistent mediating variable was social exclusion. School behaviour, truancy and substance use were significant mediators for mental health. Long-term absences mediated associations between mental health and physical health and later outcomes.ConclusionsHealth is a key component of academic and vocational achievement. Investment in health is a way of improving life chances. The identification of key mediators such as social exclusion and truancy indicate areas where screening for health conditions and provision of targeted support could improve educational, employment and health outcomes.

scholarly journals Early Education and Employment Outcomes After Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Kosola ◽  
Maria C. McCarthy ◽  
Robyn McNeil ◽  
Lisa M. Orme ◽  
Sarah Drew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Early Education ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
After Cancer

Health, Education and Employment Outcomes in Young Refugees in the Nordic Countries: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sofie Borsch ◽  
Christopher Jamil de Montgomery ◽  
Karl Gauffin ◽  
Ketil Eide ◽  
Elli Heikkilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Migration Factors ◽  
Education And Employment

Objectives: Since 2000, approximately 500,000 refugees have settled in the Nordic countries, about a third of them being children and young people. To identify general trends, and to detect gaps in the existing knowledge about the socioeconomic and health status of these young refugees, this review discusses the literature regarding three key areas related to welfare policy: health, education and employment. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, SocINDEX, Sociological Abstracts, Embase and Cochrane, and a search for publications from relevant institutions were undertaken. All publications had to be original quantitative studies published since 1980. The total number of studies identified was 1353, 25 publications were included. Results: Young refugees had poorer mental health than ethnic minority and native-born peers. Mental health problems were related to pre-migration experiences but also to post-migration factors, such as discrimination and poor social support. Refugees performed worse in school than native-born and few progressed to higher education. Experiencing less discrimination and having better Nordic language proficiency was associated with higher educational attainment. A higher proportion of refugees were unemployed or outside the labour force compared with other immigrants and native-born. Assessment instruments varied between studies, making comparisons difficult. Conclusions: The study suggests pre-migration factors but also post-migration conditions such as perceived discrimination, social support and Nordic language proficiency as important factors for the mental health, education and employment outcomes of young refugees in the Nordic countries. Further Nordic comparative research and studies focusing on the relationship between health, education and employment outcomes are needed.

Gender Differences in the Education and Employment of Young Adults

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN LICHTENSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
General Population ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Education And Employment

WITH THE GOAL OF ACHIEVING A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE AND INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON STUDENTS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION, THIS REVIEW FOCUSES FIRST ON THE LITERATURE RELATED TO GENDER DISPARITIES IN THE GENERAL POPULATION. THE ISSUES ADDRESSED COVER BOTH EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION DEVOTED TO CURRENT INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE DISPARITIES. THE REVIEW FURTHER EXAMINES THE LITERATURE ON GENDER AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO STUDENTS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION, INCLUDING (A) OVERALL GENDER RATES BY DISABILITY GROUPS, (B) GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH MALES AND FEMALES IN SPECIAL EDUCATION, AND (C) PROPOSED INTERVENTION PROGRAMS AND PRACTICES THAT APPEAR PROMISING. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDES BY DISCUSSING IMPLICATIONS FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH THAT CAN REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SPECIAL EDUCATION.

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