Geographic Profiling of Lone Wolf Terrorists: The Appication of Economics, Game Theory and Prospect Theory

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Geographic Profiling ◽  
Lone Wolf

scholarly journals Research on Taxi Driver Strategy Game Evolution with Carpooling Detour

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Ruichun He ◽  
Changxi Ma ◽  
Mingxia Gao
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Strategy Choice ◽  
Taxi Driver ◽  
Stable Strategy ◽  
Strategy Game ◽  
Evolution Game

For the problem of taxi carpooling detour, this paper studies driver strategy choice with carpooling detour. The model of taxi driver strategy evolution with carpooling detour is built based on prospect theory and evolution game theory. Driver stable strategies are analyzed under the conditions of complaint mechanism and absence of mechanism, respectively. The results show that passenger’s complaint mechanism can effectively decrease the phenomenon of driver refusing passengers with carpooling detour. When probability of passenger complaint reaches a certain level, the stable strategy of driver is to take carpooling detour passengers. Meanwhile, limiting detour distance and easing traffic congestion can decrease the possibility of refusing passengers. These conclusions have a certain guiding significance to formulating taxi policy.

scholarly journals Negotiation Decision Support Systems: Analysing Negotiations under the Conditions of Risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipun Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Negotiation Theory ◽  
Technology Tool ◽  
Theory Research

Negotiation Theory is a research area with emphasis from three different research streams being game theory, psychology and negotiation analysis. Recently, negotiation theory research has moved towards the combination of game theory and psychology negotiation theory models that could be called Integrated Negotiation Theory (INT). As, negotiations are often impacted by external factors, there is risk associated with achieving the expected outcomes. Prospect theory and Negotiation theory are combined in this paper to incorporate the risk associated within negotiations. Negotiation Decision Support Systems (NDSS) is an information technology tool using negotiation theory and artificial intelligence to assist disputants in a negotiation to obtain better negotiated outcomes than they can obtain otherwise. Due primarily to the limitations of bounded rationality and differing mental or physical state of the disputant. In the past, NDSS have primarily used game theory within their negotiation and decision making framework to assist disputants resolve negotiations, as game theory is easier to incorporate. This paper shows how INT and Risk Factors (Prospect Theory) can be incorporated into an NDSS to improve negotiation decision making.

scholarly journals Evolution of Cooperation with Peer Punishment under Prospect Theory

Games ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Uchida ◽  
Hitoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Isamu Okada ◽  
Tatsuya Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Cognitive Distortion ◽  
Evolution Of Cooperation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parameter Values

Social dilemmas are among the most puzzling issues in the biological and social sciences. Extensive theoretical efforts have been made in various realms such as economics, biology, mathematics, and even physics to figure out solution mechanisms to the dilemma in recent decades. Although punishment is thought to be a key mechanism, evolutionary game theory has revealed that the simplest form of punishment called peer punishment is useless to solve the dilemma, since peer punishment itself is costly. In the literature, more complex types of punishment, such as pool punishment or institutional punishment, have been exploited as effective mechanisms. So far, mechanisms that enable peer punishment to function as a solution to the social dilemma remain unclear. In this paper, we propose a theoretical way for peer punishment to work as a solution mechanism for the dilemma by incorporating prospect theory into evolutionary game theory. Prospect theory models human beings as agents that estimate small probabilities and loss of profit as greater than they actually are; thus, those agents feel that punishments are more frequent and harsher than they really are. We show that this kind of cognitive distortion makes players decide to cooperate to avoid being punished and that the cooperative state achieved by this mechanism is globally stable as well as evolutionarily stable in a wide range of parameter values.

scholarly journals An Emergency Decision Making Method for Different Situation Response Based on Game Theory and Prospect Theory

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Xin Zhang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Ying-Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Psychological Behavior ◽  
Emergency Decision Making ◽  
Decision Environment ◽  
Emergency Decision ◽  
Decision Choice

Because of the continuous burst of emergency events (EEs) recently, emergency decision making (EDM) has become an active research topic due to its crucial role in relieving and reducing various losses and damages (property, lives, environment, etc.) caused by EEs. Current EDM studies based on prospect theory (PT) have considered decision maker’s (DM’s) psychological behavior, which is very important in the EDM process because it affects DM’s decision behavior directly, particularly under the uncertainty decision environment. However, those studies neglected an important fact that different emergency situations should be handled by different measures to show the pertinence and effectiveness of the emergency response in the real world, which has been taken into consideration in EDM studies based on game theory (GT). Different behavior experiments show that DMs usually have limited rationality when involved in risk and an uncertain decision environment, in which their psychological behavior has distinct impacts on their decision choice and behavior. Nevertheless, the existing studies of EDM based on GT build on an assumption that DMs are totally rational; however, it is obvious that such an assumption is unreasonable and far from the real-world situation. Motivated by these limitations pointed out previously, this study proposes a novel EDM method combining GT and PT that considers not only the DM’s psychological behavior, but also takes different situations’ handling for EEs into account, which is closer to the EDM problems in reality. An example and comparison with other methods are provided to demonstrate the validity and rationality of the proposed method for coping with real-world EDM problems.

scholarly journals Prospect theory in a dynamic game: Theory and evidence from online pay-per-bid auctions

2019 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 215-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Brünner ◽  
Jochen Reiner ◽  
Martin Natter ◽  
Bernd Skiera
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Dynamic Game Theory

Insights into Game Theory

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ein-Ya Gura ◽  
Michael Maschler
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory
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