CISS : (CIS Economic Integration and Policy Implications for Korea: Focusing on the Customs Union)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Lee ◽  
Sherzod Shadikhodjaev ◽  
Soonchan Park ◽  
jeeyoung hwang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Customs Union

A Wider Eastern African Economic Union? Some Geographical Aspects

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Economic Union

Economic integration in East Africa has been discussed throughout the past 50 years or more, although—until recently—only in terms of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Almost as soon as Kenya and Uganda became established as political entities, close economic links were established between them, and when British administration was extended to Tanganyika after 1918 that country was brought into close relationship with its two northern neighbours. Thus a customs union between Kenya and Uganda was established in 1917, and Tanganyika was gradually incorporated within it between 1922 and 1927. The links were strengthened as economic development advanced, and were formalised under the East Africa High Commission from 1948 onwards: so they became an important part of the inheritance of the three states as they gained political independence in the years 1961–1963.1

scholarly journals The ASEAN WITHOUT A CUSTOMS UNION OR A SINGLE MARKET CONSEQUENCES OF THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY BLUEPRINT 2025

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-127
Author(s):  
Moh Firstananto Jerusalem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Asean Economic Community

Abstract In the ASEAN Economic Community blueprint 2015 the term “single market” was used as a goal of economic community. Theoretically, single market is a level of economic integration after customs union. Under that blueprint, customs union could have a chance to be established as a necessary prerequisite for single market. However, the new blueprint 2025 does not adopt single market concept anymore. Different terms have been introduced namely “integrated and cohesive economy” and “unified market”. This article aims at assessing economic integration concept adopted in the ASEAN Economic Community blueprint by utilizing content analysis. It will review the change of concept by employing economic integration theory in order to indicate the direction of economic community goal. The finding is that the change of terms reflects the change of concept. As a result, ASEAN Economic Community will have a different direction in pursuing economic integration. Therefore, under the new blueprint ASEAN will not proceed to customs union and single market. However, it will remain at free trade area level of economic integration. In addition, ASEAN will not be a close trade block but tend to be an open regionalism in relation to non-ASEAN countries or regions. Keywords: ASEAN Economic Community, Customs Union, Single Market, Economic Integration, Open Regionalism.

Ewolucja metod analizy skutków integracji handlowej

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Jakub Michałek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Trade Expansion ◽  
Cge Models ◽  
Ex Post

The theory of economic integration dates back to the mid-20th century. In the 1970s, initial empirical studies on the effects of economic integration appeared during the first stage of the functioning of the customs union in the European Economic Community. Researchers mostly highlighted the customs union’s static effects: trade creation, trade expansion, and trade diversion. The gravity model of trade became the basic econometric model for the ex-post analysis of the effects of economic integration, usually implying the positive impact of the integration on the trade flow. However, the expansion of integration and the trade negotiations created a need for the ex-ante analysis of the effects of such activities. To this end, the simulation models were developed, in particular computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. Such models allow for the analysis of how the economy might react to the changes; however, their complexity limits their usability in public discourse.

Investigating the Role of Regional Economic Integration on Growth: Fresh Insights from South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 097491012097480
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibrahim Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic

Regional economic integration is the key to achieving prosperity and stability. However, intra-regional trade in South Asia accounts for not more than 5%–6% of their total trade. This study aims to examine the role played by regional economic integration in determining the economic growth of South Asian countries over the period 1980–2015. Since shocks in one country may affect another country in the region, this is taken into account in the article by employing methodologies that are robust to cross sectional dependence. Specifically, continuously-updated and bias-corrected (CupBC) of Bai et al. (2009) and Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test (2012) have been employed to estimate long-run coefficients and determine the direction of relationship among the variables, respectively. The findings suggest that economic integration increases economic growth significantly in this region. However, contrary to popular belief, both democracy and human capital are negatively related to economic growth. Bidirectional causality is found between economic integration and democracy, regional integration and human capital, democracy and human capital and, democracy and labor. This study also presents several policy implications for South Asian countries.

Turkey and European Union Enlargement: Cross-Border Projects and the Pre-Accession Strategy for Non-Members

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 71-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Rumford
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Single Market ◽  
European Council ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
European Union Enlargement ◽  
Current Process ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
High Degree

Since the Customs Union came into effect on 1 January 1996, Turkey has effectively become part of the European Union's single market. This high degree of economic integration has not been matched in the sphere of political and social integration. Turkey was omitted from a list of countries with which accession negotiations began in March 1998, and the Cardiff European Council of May 1998 confirmed Turkey's marginalization from the current process of enlargement.

A PARTIAL ASEAN CUSTOMS UNION POST 2015?

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 593-617
Author(s):  
SANCHITA BASU DAS ◽  
RAHUL SEN ◽  
SADHANA SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Applied General Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Modeling ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Asean Economic Community ◽  
General Equilibrium Modeling

This paper explores the feasibility of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) moving forward to the next step of economic integration, i.e., towards an ASEAN Customs Union (ACU) post-2015. Effectively, the way to progress towards an ACU is by forming it among ASEAN-9 members with Singapore maintaining its existing zero tariffs against non-members, thereby creating a Partial ACU. Using applied general equilibrium modeling exercise based on GTAP, the findings suggest that there are potential net positive welfare gains to be collectively reaped by ASEAN if it moves from an AFTA to a partial ACU post-2015. However, not all ASEAN members will individually gain from such an ACU and members may need to devise a feasible mechanism wherein some member country welfare losses in an ACU can be compensated by the members who gain. The paper argues that in spite of political economy challenges due to ASEAN’s unique characteristics and diversity in the levels of economic development among members, such a Partial ACU could be considered by ASEAN leaders due to its strategic imperatives.

scholarly journals Analysis of Global Economic and Political Factors and Challenges of the Eurasian Economic Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Zubenko ◽  
A. M. Masalimova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Integration Effect ◽  
Economic Ties

The development of the EAEU takes place in the context of the formation of a new system of world economic relations and the transformation of the rules of world trade. Further areas of multilateral cooperation between states and regional integration associations are emerging (including the digital economy, cryptocurrencies). As a consequence of the aggressive foreign policy of economically developed countries, the regionalization of trade and economic ties is gaining popularity, which makes it urgent to reformat trade relations with regional integration associations. Along with this, the primary integration effect associated with the opening of national markets and the simplification of trade rules, which manifested itself at the first stages of the formation of the customs union and the single economic space (CES), is being exhausted. The volumes of mutual trade of the member states are changing, but its share in the capacity of the common market of the EAEU remains virtually unchanged from year to year. The further growth of trade and economic ties within the EAEU is mainly due to the removal of existing obstacles and the qualitative improvement of the conditions for doing cross-border business. Various negative phenomena distort the integration agenda and substantially neutralize the positive effects of integration. The reasons noted above make the task of a comprehensive study of the economic and geopolitical factors of the integration of member states and new challenges to the integration processes urgent. To develop approaches to strategic planning for the development of the EAEU, adequate assessments of the use of the integration potential of the member states should be made and areas with the most significant reserves for building up integration cooperation should be identified. The full involvement of Armenia and Kyrgyzstan in the orbit of the Eurasian economic integration, as well as severe changes in the external economic situation that have occurred in recent years, require the actualization of possible scenarios for the development of the Eurasian Economic Union and the development of new tactics for the response of the EAEU and the Union member states to newly emerging factors and challenges affecting on integration processes.

scholarly journals Economic and political initiatives of European integration for the period 1945-1992

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
W. Viviers ◽  
T F.J. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Political Success

The integration of the European Communities (EC, today EU) has been described as one of the most successful examples of economic integration worldwide. This study examines the reason for this success from two perspectives. Firstly, the economic success of EC integration for the period 1945 to 1992 is investigated. It is concluded that, notwithstanding difficulties experienced, the economic integration process represents the EC's greatest achievement. An example of this is the completion of the EC internal market through the European Economic Community (EEC) customs union and the EC-92 programme. Secondly, the investigation focuses on the political success of EC integration. The evaluation shows that political powerplay endangered and inhibited the process of economic integration in the EC.

scholarly journals The Development of International Economic and Monetary Cooperation in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Martin Hudec
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Monetary Integration ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Era ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Whole Process

Abstract Since the end of the World War II, Europe has gone a long way on the path of a new era of socio-economic integration, continually battling and overcoming the political and economic fragmentation of earlier eras and less developed economies. The various difficulties and interruptions of the process involved, the European integration, since the 1952 European Coal and Steel Community, ranged from an initial small group to a large community comprising most European countries, the gradual removal of market barriers leading to the introduction of a customs union to the single market. Furthermore, the creation of Economic and Monetary Union and the adoption of the common currency have become the culmination of the whole process of economic integration, since the euro is used daily by 338.6 million Europeans in 19 EU member states. The aim of our research article is to closely analyze the development of the economic and monetary integration of Europe, since we believe that the single currency project represents a great success for the European Union as the result of long-term efforts on currency and economy stability, progress and economic growth.

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