Optimal Design of Feed-in-Tariffs to Stimulate Renewable Energy Investments Under Regulatory Uncertainty - A Real Options Analysis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Ritzenhofen ◽  
Stefan Spinler
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Real Options ◽  
Real Options Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Uncertainty

scholarly journals Valuation of Wind Energy Turbines Using Volatility of Wind and Price

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Doron Greenberg ◽  
Michael Byalsky ◽  
Asher Yahalom
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Real Options ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Real Options Analysis ◽  
The Real

The limitedness of the nonrenewable local energy resources in Israel, even in the background of the later gas fields’ findings, continues to force the state to devote various efforts towards ‘green’ energy development. These efforts include installations, both for the solar and for wind energy, thus improving the diversity of energy sources. While the standard discounted cash flow (DCF) method using the net present value (NPV) criterion is extensively adopted to evaluate investments, the standard DCF method is inappropriate for the rapidly changing investment climate and for the managerial flexibility in investment decisions. In recent years, the real options analysis (ROA) technique has been widely applied in many studies for the valuation of renewable energy investment projects. Taking into account the above background, we apply, in this study, the real options analysis approach for the valuation of wind energy turbines and apply it to the analysis of wind energy economic potential in Israel, which is the context of our work. We hypothesize that due to nature of wind energy production uncertainties, the ROA method is better than the alternative. The novelty of this paper includes the following: real world wind statistics of the Merom Golan site in Israel (velocity 3.73 m/s, with a standard deviation of 2.03 m/s), a realistic power generation estimation (power generation of 1205.84 kW with a standard deviation of about 0.5% in annual value which is worth about 1.3 M$ per annum), and an economic model to evaluate the profitability of such a project. We thus discuss the existing challenges of diversifying renewable energy sources in Israel by adding wind installations. Our motivation is to introduce a method which will allow investors and officials to take into account uncertainties when deciding in investing in such wind installations. The outcomes of the paper, which are obtained using the method of Weibull statistics and the Black–Scholes ROA technique, include the result that market price volatility adds to the uncertainties much more than any wind fluctuations, provided that the analysis is integrated over a long enough time.

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