scholarly journals Do Multinationals Beat Down Developing Countries’ Export Prices? The Impact of FDI on Net Barter Terms of Trade

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin M. Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Export Prices ◽  
The Impact

A Note on the Structure of Pakistan's Foreign Trade (Notes & Comments)

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Primary Commodity ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Developing countries generally are not only concerned with the level of their export earnings but also with the commodity and geographic composition of exports, and, to a lesser extent, of imports. Concern over a high degree of commo¬dity structure in exports is usually based on its presumed association with adverse price movements. A more diversified export commodity structure will reduce the impact on the overall level of foreign-exchange earnings from price fluctuations in any particular commodity. While concentration on a few commodities need not be identified with being a primary commodity exporter, for many developing countries a high degree of commodity concentration is often correlated with the exports of primary commodities [6 ; 9]. The familiar terms-of-trade argument, the belief that the relative price of primary commodity exports will fall, over the long run, as compared to the price of industrial goods imports, provides a second rationale for seeking a diversification in the composition of exports. Even in the short run the prices of most primary products in interna¬tional trade vary more sharply from year to year than those of most industrial products thus providing an additional incentive for decreasing commodity con¬centration [5].

scholarly journals Unilateral Trade Preferences in the EU: An Empirical Assessment for the Case of Mozambican Exports

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xavier Cirera ◽  
Andrea Alfieri
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Export Prices ◽  
Export Margins ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Trade Preferences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Unilateral trade preferences are one of the most important instruments offered by developed countries to foster developing country exports. This paper analyzes the impact of unilateral trade preferences on developing countries by focusing on the experience of Mozambique. In this paper, we analyze whether unilateral preferences offered by the EU are “valuable” for Mozambican exporters based on the impact on preferential margins, utilization rates, and export prices. We use a detailed dataset with cif unit values at HS8-digits level covering the period 2000–2007. Our findings indicate that (i) for a large number of product lines, export margins are zero; (ii) utilization rates are generally high; however, (iii) this does not translate into a positive price margins captured by Mozambican exporters compared to MFN competitors. These findings cast doubts on the “value” of preferences and their potential impact on developing country exports.

Trade, Technology and Financing for Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Jan Kregel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Major Impediment

The long-term trend decline in the terms of trade of primary commodities against developed country manufactured goods is usually cited as a major impediment to the growth in per capita incomes in developing countries and the inapplicability of the theory of comparative advantage in the design of development policy. However, as developing countries have expanded their production of industrial output they have been faced with two additional barriers to successful development. The first is the impact of opening their capital markets to foreign investments, creating a tendency for decline in the financial terms of trade with developed countries. The second is the impact of knowledge-based technological change that makes it difficult for developing countries to acquire the increased productivity associated with best-practice techniques, creating a tendency toward a decline in the technological terms of trade. The article thus generalizes the concept of the declining terms of trade to finance and technology.

The influence of inflation targeting on the pass-through effect of the exchange rate

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Kartaev ◽  
Yu. I. Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the impact of the transition to the inflation targeting regime on the magnitude of the pass-through effect of the exchange rate to prices. We analyze cross-country panel data on developed and developing countries. It is shown that the transition to this regime of monetary policy contributes to a significant reduction in both the short- and long-term pass-through effects. This decline is stronger in developing countries. We identify the main channels that ensure the influence of the monetary policy regime on the pass-through effect, and examine their performance. In addition, we analyze the data of time series for Russia. It was concluded that even there the transition to inflation targeting led to a decrease in the dependence of the level of inflation on fluctuations in the ruble exchange rate.

Exploring the World Trade Organisation's Trade and Environment/Public Health Jurisprudence as a Model for Incorporating a Trade–Labour Linkage into the Organisation's Multilateral Trade Regime: Should African Countries Accept a Policy Shift?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Tapiwa V. Warikandwa ◽  
Patrick C. Osode
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
The Impact

The incorporation of a trade-labour (standards) linkage into the multilateral trade regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been persistently opposed by developing countries, including those in Africa, on the grounds that it has the potential to weaken their competitive advantage. For that reason, low levels of compliance with core labour standards have been viewed as acceptable by African countries. However, with the impact of WTO agreements growing increasingly broader and deeper for the weaker and vulnerable economies of developing countries, the jurisprudence developed by the WTO Panels and Appellate Body regarding a trade-environment/public health linkage has the potential to address the concerns of developing countries regarding the potential negative effects of a trade-labour linkage. This article argues that the pertinent WTO Panel and Appellate Body decisions could advance the prospects of establishing a linkage of global trade participation to labour standards without any harm befalling developing countries.

Overseas Development Administration. A Guide to Social Analysis for Projects in Developing Countries. London: HMSO. 1995. viii+248 pages. Hardbound. £18.95.

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overseas Development

This book, hereinafter referred to as the Guide, has been developed for those social analysts (e.g., anthropologists, sociologists, and human geographers) who have had little or no practical experience in applying their knowledge as development practitioners. In the past, development projects would be analysed from a narrow financial and economic perspective. But with the evolution of thinking on development, this narrow financial and economic aspect has now been broadened to include the impact on society as the very meaning of development has now come to symbolise social change. Thus, development is not restricted only to plans and figures; the human environment in its entirety is now considered for analysis while designing and implementing development projects.

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