Hybrid Forms of Business: The Logic of Gift in the Commercial World

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Grassl
Author(s):  
Beverley Loke

Abstract China's rise has raised important questions about the durability of US hegemony in East Asia. Much of the debate, however, has generally been cast in fairly simplistic terms, suggesting the durability or end of US regional hegemony. Such framings nevertheless fail to fully capture regional dynamics and complexity. Advancing an English School conception of hegemony, this paper examines the politics, contestation, and renegotiation of the post–Cold War US hegemonic order in East Asia. It maps out four logics of hegemonic ordering in the existing literature, outlines their shortfalls and advances a twofold argument. First, although regional order will not disintegrate into binary “order versus disorder” or “US versus Chinese hegemony” scenarios, the politics of hegemonic ordering—the interactive discourses, processes, relations, and practices that underpin hegemony—will intensify as the United States and China continue to both cooperate and compete for power, position, and influence in East Asia. Second, I argue that the East Asian regional order will evolve in ways that resemble hybrid forms of hegemony in a complex hierarchy. Specifically, I develop a new logic—“coalitional and collaborative hegemonies in a complex hierarchy”—that is anchored in assertiveness, fluidity, and compartmentalization. It demonstrates that Washington and Beijing will not only form coalitional hegemonies, seeking legitimation from multiple and often overlapping constituencies, but also engage in a collaborative hegemony on shared interests. This better reflects evolving regional dynamics and yields theoretical insights into examining hegemonic transitions less as clearly delineated transitions from one distinct hegemonic order to the next, and more as partial and hybrid ones.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Hackley ◽  
Amy Rungpaka Hackley

In the media convergence era, brands are embracing hybrid forms of advertising communication such as branded content, product placement and sponsored TV ‘pods’, brand blogs, shareable video, programmatic advertising, ‘native’ advertising and more, as alternatives to, and extensions of, traditional mass media advertising campaigns. In this article, we draw on Genette’s theory of transtextuality to reframe this phenomenon from a paratextual purview. We suggest that the analogy of the paratext articulates the iterative, ambiguous, participative and intertextual character of much contemporary brand communication. We describe extended examples of paratextual advertising and promotion that illustrate the fluid and mutually contingent relation of advertising text to paratext, and we outline an analytical framework for future research and practice.


1990 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemkumar Banthia ◽  
Jiakang Sheng

AbstractReinforcement of cements with very fine fibers of carbon and steel in mono- and hybrid-forms has been investigated. While both carbon and steel fibers led to considerable improvements in strength and toughness, on a comparative basis, carbon fibers bring about a better improvement in the toughness or energy absorption, and the steel fibers impart higher tensile strengths to the base cement matrices. In the hybrid-fiber systems, the improvements lie somewhere in between those of the equivalent mono-fiber systems.


Author(s):  
A.B. Akhmetzhanova ◽  
◽  
Zakari Miburo ◽  
S.V. Ponomarev ◽  
Y.V. Fedorovykh ◽  
...  

The article presents data on morphological and physiological parameters of first-matured females of Russian sturgeon and its hybrid form with a Siberian species, grown in artificial conditions by LLC “Akvatrade”, operating in the Lower Volga region (Astrakhan region). It was found that Russian sturgeon juveniles adapt less satisfactorily to the low winter temperatures of the aquatic environment in comparison with hybrid forms with the Siberian species. As for the offspring obtained from hybrid females, their resistance to low winter temperatures of the aquatic environment was higher, most likely due to features inherited from the Siberian species.


2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (02) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Wilde

This article discusses the significance of psychologically diverse individuals in the success of a team. As technology advances, products are increasingly being designed in the commercial world by teams of skilled collaborators. Each team member is chosen to bring a specific range of skills and experience to bear on the mission, and each contributor is essential to a successful outcome. Some studies suggest that performance improves when a team pays attention to its individual personalities. The basic principle learned, which may apply in corporations as well as universities, is that in the long run teams do better when they are composed of people with the widest possible range of personalities, even though it takes longer for such psychologically diverse teams to achieve smooth communications and good cooperation. Before diverse team members can be integrated into a cooperative unit, they must not only cultivate an openness to opposing opinions, but also recognize the value of exploring a problem from various angles. Sharing personality information about each other facilitates this essential awareness.


Author(s):  
Richard Morrison

The subject of marine insurance is one which occupies, at the present time, a large amount of attention, both in the mercantile and the non-commercial world. The latter regard the formation of Companies for that object as a profitable means of investment; and the former on account of the necessity for their employment and encouragement. No prudent merchant or shipper would neglect the precaution of insuring his goods, at least against the risk of total loss, if not against the ordinary perils of the sea, which cause damage, for which the insurers render themselves liable by the charge of an additional premium.


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