Fighting the Obesity Epidemic: Effective Social Intervention Strategies Require a Better Causal Understanding

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Paget
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Causal Understanding

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL INTERVENTION STRATEGIES IN LEAD EXPOSURE IN CHILDREN

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Corina Lupu ◽  
Corina Rugina ◽  
Maria-Cristina Neagu ◽  
Iulia Adina Neamtiu ◽  
Cristian Pop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Social Intervention

scholarly journals Interinstitutional networks and democratization of services in social intervention with older people in Portugal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Isabella Paoletti ◽  
Alda Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Network Program ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Large Corpus

 This article presents an interinstitutional network supporting older people in Portugal and a policy document that institutionalized this type of interinstitutional practices. The data are part of a large corpus collected in the course of interdisciplinary research: “Aging, poverty and social exclusion: an interdisciplinary study on innovative support services.” (https://apseclunl.wordpress.com/). The documentation of good practices in intervention with older people at risk of exclusion were the aim of the research project. The data collected incudes: interviews, observation and recordings of inter-institutional meetings. In the light of the relevant literature, the study discusses the ethnographic account in relation to relevant policy documents (“Rede Social” Interinstitutional Network Program RCM no. 197/97, of 18 November). Describing the main aspects of the intervention strategies with the older population, the article documents the value of these experiences and the approach in policies for the democratization of services and the inclusion of citizens participating in decision making about delivery of services and the promotion of inclusive societies.  

scholarly journals Trayectorias de jóvenes desvinculados de la escuela y el trabajo formal

2014 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ángela Venegas Meza
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Este artículo corresponde a la síntesis de una investigación realizada entre septiembre de 2012 y marzo de 2013, en el marco de la Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Intervención Social, Mención Familias, de la Universidad Católica Cardenal Raúl Silva Henríquez, UCSH.RESUMENEl presente artículo da cuenta de los resultados de una investigación descriptiva, de carácter cualitativo, en torno a las razones por la cuales un grupo de jóvenes varones entre 14 y 19 años, pertenecientes a la Comuna de Quilicura, se encuentran desvinculados de la escuela y el trabajo formal y las consecuencias que les genera dicha situación en los planos personal, familiar, educativo y laboral. Presentamos la discusión teórica de diversos autores especialistas en juventud, que nos sirven de referencia para la reflexión de las condiciones en que las actuales juventudes urbanas excluidas construyen sus trayectorias educativas y laborales en torno a la calle, la delincuencia y su consecuente exposición al riesgo. Finalmente, los resultados aquí expuestos buscan contribuir al desarrollo de estrategias de Intervención Social Selectiva con juventudes urbanas vulnerables y, con ello, poner en discusión los modelos que en la actualidad orientan las acciones dirigidas a este sector. Trajetórias de jovens desvinculados da escola e do trabalho formalRESUMEMO presente artigo da conta dos resultados de uma investigação descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, em torno à razões pelas quais um grupo de jovens varões entre 14 e 19 anos, pertencentes a Comuna de Quilicura, se encontram desvinculados da escola e do trabalho formal e as consequências que lhes gera dita situação nos planos pessoais, familiar, educativo e laboral. Apresentamos a discussão teórica de diversos autores especialistas em juventude, que servem de referência para a reflexão das condições em que as atuais juventudes urbanas excluídas constroem suas trajetórias educativas e laborais em torno à rua, a delinquência e sua conseguinte exposição ao risco. Finalmente, os resultados expostos procuram contribuir ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de Intervenção Social Seletiva com juventudes urbanas vulneráveis e pôr em discussão os modelos que na atualidade orientam as ações dirigidas a este sector. Trajectories of young people not attending school orhaving a formal jobABSTRACTThis article outlines the results of a qualitative descriptive research on thereasons why a group of young people between 14 to 19 years of age fromQuilicura town do not attend school or have a formal job as well as thepersonal, family, educational and labour consequences of this situation.The study overviews the theoretical debate on youth and reflects onthe conditions upon which urban excluded young people develop theireducational and working trajectories on the streets, on delinquency and itsexposure to danger. The results of this study intend to contribute towardsthe development of selective social intervention strategies for urbanvulnerable young people and to question the models currently leading.

scholarly journals Microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity: role of gut microbiota in homoeostasis of energy metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Amabebe ◽  
Faith O. Robert ◽  
Tarimoboere Agbalalah ◽  
Ebiowei S. F. Orubu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Metabolic Inflammation ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis

AbstractThe global obesity epidemic has necessitated the search for better intervention strategies including the exploitation of the health benefits of some gut microbiota and their metabolic products. Therefore, we examined the gut microbial composition and mechanisms of interaction with the host in relation to homoeostatic energy metabolism and pathophysiology of dysbiosis-induced metabolic inflammation and obesity. We also discussed the eubiotic, health-promoting effects of probiotics and prebiotics as well as epigenetic modifications associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and risk of obesity. High-fat/carbohydrate diet programmes the gut microbiota to one predominated by Firmicutes (Clostridium), Prevotella and Methanobrevibacter but deficient in beneficial genera/species such as Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. Altered gut microbiota is associated with decreased expression of SCFA that maintain intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, reduce bacterial translocation and inflammation and increase expression of hunger-suppressing hormones. Reduced amounts of beneficial micro-organisms also inhibit fasting-induced adipocyte factor expression leading to dyslipidaemia. A low-grade chronic inflammation (metabolic endotoxaemia) ensues which culminates in obesity and its co-morbidities. The synergy of high-fat diet and dysbiotic gut microbiota initiates a recipe that epigenetically programmes the host for increased adiposity and poor glycaemic control. Interestingly, these obesogenic mechanistic pathways that are transmittable from one generation to another can be modulated through the administration of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Though the influence of gut microbiota on the risk of obesity and several intervention strategies have been extensively demonstrated in animal models, application in humans still requires further robust investigation.

Multidisciplinary Evidence to Treat Bilingual Individuals with Aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Centeno
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Aphasic Clients

Abstract The steady increase in linguistic and cultural diversity in the country, including the number of bilingual speakers, has been predicted to continue. Minorities are expected to be the majority by 2042. Strokes, the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the U.S., are quite prevalent in racial and ethnic minorities, so population estimates underscore the imperative need to develop valid clinical procedures to serve the predicted increase in linguistically and culturally diverse bilingual adults with aphasia in post-stroke rehabilitation. Bilingualism is a complex phenomenon that interconnects culture, cognition, and language; thus, as aphasia is a social phenomenon, treatment of bilingual aphasic persons would benefit from conceptual frameworks that exploit the culture-cognition-language interaction in ways that maximize both linguistic and communicative improvement leading to social re-adaptation. This paper discusses a multidisciplinary evidence-based approach to develop ecologically-valid treatment strategies for bilingual aphasic individuals. Content aims to spark practitioners' interest to explore conceptually broad intervention strategies beyond strictly linguistic domains that would facilitate linguistic gains, communicative interactions, and social functioning. This paper largely emphasizes Spanish-English individuals in the United States. Practitioners, however, are advised to adapt the proposed principles to the unique backgrounds of other bilingual aphasic clients.

Practical Resources for Provision of Services to Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Users of AAC

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Elena Dukhovny ◽  
E. Betsy Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Flexible Systems ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Provision Of Services

According to the 2010 U.S. Census, over 20% of Americans speak a language other than English in the home, with Spanish, Chinese, and French being the languages most commonly spoken, aside from English. However, few augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems offer multilingual support for individuals with limited functional speech. There has been much discussion in the AAC community about best practices in AAC system design and intervention strategies, but limited resources exist to help us provide robust, flexible systems for users who speak languages other than English. We must provide services that take into consideration the unique needs of culturally and linguistically diverse users of AAC and help them reach their full communication potential. This article outlines basic guidelines for best practices in AAC design and selection, and presents practical applications of these best practices to multilingual/multicultural clients.

Not at Imminent Risk

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
Kate Monaghan ◽  
Martin Harris
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Imminent Risk

Abstract. Background: Suicide is a pervasive and complex issue that can challenge counselors through the course of their careers. Research and practice focus heavily on crisis management and imminent risk rather than early intervention strategies. Early intervention strategies can assist counselors working with clients who have suicidal ideation, but are not at imminent risk, or with clients whose risk factors identify them as having a stronger trajectory for suicidal ideation. Aims: This systematic literature review examines the current literature on working with clients with suicidal ideation who are not at imminent risk, to ascertain the types of information and strategies available to counselors working with this client group. Method: An initial 622 articles were identified for analysis and from these 24 were included in the final review, which was synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: Results indicate that research into early intervention strategies is extremely limited. Conclusion: It was possible to describe emergent themes and practice guidelines to assist counselors working with clients with suicidal ideation but not at imminent risk.

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