Final Document on the Third Year, Third Activity: 'Coupling Meteorological and Hydraulic Modelling to Develop a Hydro-Meteorological Chain: Simulation of a Test Case'

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Macchione ◽  
Pierfranco Costabile ◽  
Carmelina Costanzo
Keyword(s):  
Test Case ◽  
Hydraulic Modelling ◽  
The Third

URANS Studies of Effect of Eccentricity on Ship–Lock Interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 1641012
Author(s):  
Qingjie Meng ◽  
Decheng Wan
Keyword(s):  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Interaction ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Test Case ◽  
The Third ◽  
Surface Pressure Distribution ◽  
Sst Turbulence Model ◽  
Unsteady Viscous Flow ◽  
Ship Lock

The unsteady viscous flow around a 12000TEU ship model entering the Third Set of Panama Locks with different eccentricity is simulated by solving the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations in combination with the [Formula: see text]SST turbulence model. Overset grid technology is utilized to maintain grid orthogonality and the effects of the free surface are taken into account. The hydrodynamic forces, vertical displacement as well as surface pressure distribution are predicted and analyzed. First, a benchmark test case is designed to validate the capability of the present methods in the prediction of the viscous flow around the ship when maneuvering into the lock. The accumulation of water in front of the ship during entry into a lock is noticed. A set of systematic computations with different eccentricity are then carried out to examine the effect of eccentricity on the ship–lock hydrodynamic interaction.

scholarly journals Intermittency, Moments, and Friction Coefficient during the Subcritical Transition of Channel Flow

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Jinsheng Liu ◽  
Yue Xiao ◽  
Mogeng Li ◽  
Jianjun Tao ◽  
Shengjin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Turbulent Structures ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Low Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Turbulence

The intermittent distribution of localized turbulent structures is a key feature of the subcritical transitions in channel flows, which are studied in this paper with a wind channel and theoretical modeling. Entrance disturbances are introduced by small beads, and localized turbulent patches can be triggered at low Reynolds numbers (Re). High turbulence intensity represents strong ability of perturbation spread, and a maximum turbulence intensity is found for every test case as Re ≥ 950, where the turbulence fraction increases abruptly with Re. Skewness can reflect the velocity defects of localized turbulent patches and is revealed to become negative when Re is as low as about 660. It is shown that the third-order moments of the midplane streamwise velocities have minima, while the corresponding forth-order moments have maxima during the transition. These kinematic extremes and different variation scenarios of the friction coefficient during the transition are explained with an intermittent structure model, where the robust localized turbulent structure is simplified as a turbulence unit, a structure whose statistical properties are only weak functions of the Reynolds number.

The Ịjọ element in Berbice Dutch

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norval S. H. Smith ◽  
Ian E. Robertson ◽  
Kay Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Test Case ◽  
European Language ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Slave Traders ◽  
Creole Languages ◽  
Substrate Influence

ABSTRACTBerbice Dutch is one of two recently rediscovered Dutch-based Creole languages spoken in Guyana. It is spoken in the county of Berbice, which corresponds to the former Dutch colony of Berbice, founded in the early seventeenth century.This language possesses certain features that make it unique in comparison to other European language-based Creoles spoken in the Atlantic region. Because of these unique features, it represents a promising test case for the presence of substrate influence, and as such, is of obvious relevance for the present creolist debate between substratists and universalists.The article discusses four different conceivable hypotheses to explain the origin of Berbice Dutch. The first of these assumes that a mixed Dutch–Kalaịarḅ trading jargon was developed in Africa as a result of the operations of the slave traders, and that this formed the basis of Berbice Dutch.The second hypothesis depends critically on the ethnic homogeneity of the slaves. This hypothesis would assume that the planters/overseers in Berbice attempted to learn those aspects of Eastern Ịjọ that could be utilized on the plantations.The third hypothesis assumes that Berbice Dutch is genetically descended from Eastern Ịjọ, but that this is not obvious due to large-scale relexification.The fourth hypothesis assumes that Eastern Ịjọ was replaced by Berbice Dutch under the catalysing influence of (creole) Dutch, rather as the fully inflected Romani language was replaced in England by the creolized Anglo-romani under the catalysing influence of English.The hypothesis that is selected as probably the best is the fourth, where it is argued that Berbice Dutch was adopted as the language of the Berbice slaves because it offered a means of expressing the identity of a newly created “ethnic” group.The most important moral that can be drawn from this article is that the development of each Creole must be examined individually. Only after such an examination has taken place for a significant number of Creoles will it be possible to define what is meant by creolization. In addition to the detailed linguistic examination required, it will also be necessary to carry out detailed (socio)historical work demonstrating if possible that the linguistic sequence of events is supported by the available historical data. (Creole language, substrate, Ịjọ language, ethnicity, mixed language)

Writing Jewish Astronomy in the Early Hellenistic Age: The Enochic Astronomical Book as Aramaic Wisdom and Archival Impulse

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Yoshiko Reed
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Near East ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Literary Cultures ◽  
History Of

The full publication of 4Q208 and 4Q209 in 2000 has enabled a renaissance of research on the Enochic Astronomical Book, illumining its deep connections with Babylonian scholasticism and spurring debate about the precise channels by which such “scientific” knowledge came to reach Jewish scribes. This article asks whether attention to Aramaic manuscripts related to the Astronomical Book might also reveal something about Jewish scribal pedagogy and literary production in the early Hellenistic age, particularly prior to the Maccabean Revolt. Engaging recent studies from Classics and the History of Science concerning astronomy, pedagogy, and the place of scribes and books in the cultural politics of the third century bce, it uses the test-case of the Astronomical Book to explore the potential significance of Aramaic sources for charting changes within Jewish literary cultures at the advent of Macedonian rule in the Near East.

scholarly journals The Impact of Digital Research: Thinking about the MARK16 Project

Open Theology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Clivaz
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research Environments ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digital Research

Abstract This article presents the challenges of developing Humanities research in a digital environment in relation to a New Testament test-case: the MARK16 project. The first section argues that virtual research environments (VREs) have become an excellent milieu in which to develop a digitized research project based on collaborative work. The second section presents an overview of VREs and digital projects on the New Testament. The third section demonstrates the ways in which the MARK16 project participates in the development of VREs and fosters new modes of engaging material in digitized NT research.

Habeas Corpus and the Normative Jurisprudence of International Law

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-310
Author(s):  
LARRY MAY
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
International Criminal Law ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Habeas Corpus ◽  
Good Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Procedural Rights

AbstractIn this article I am interested in seeing what the normative jurisprudential support is for a minimalist version of habeas corpus in international law. I investigate what Fuller called ‘procedural natural law’ in contemporary international criminal law. In the first two sections I rehearse some of Hart's and Fuller's views as they pertain to the subject of international law and also to the inner morality of law. In the third section I set out some of my views on these matters, drawing on both Hart and Fuller, concerning the value of fundamental procedural rights. In the fourth section I discuss the right of habeas corpus as a good test case of how to think about these issues. In the final sections I expand on these remarks and argue that procedural rights need to be protected better in international law, if the latter is to have a claim to legitimacy as a mature legal system.

Unity and Diversity in the Church of the Fourth Century

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Andrew Louth
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Church

To look back to the early Church as a theologian and historian, and ask questions about her unity, is to enter on a long tradition, which goes back at least to the Reformation, if not to the Great Schism of 1054 itself. Once the Church had split, the various separated Christians looked back to justify their position in that tragedy. They scoured the early sources for evidence for and against episcopacy, papacy, authority confided to tradition or to Scripture alone: they questioned the form in which these early sources have come down to us - the sixteenth century saw reserves of scholarly genius poured into the problem, for instance, of the genuineness of the Ignatian correspondence, and what fired all that, apart from scholarly curiosity, was the burning question of the authenticity of episcopal authority on which Ignatius speaks so decisively. Out of that the critical discipline of patristics emerged. It was, in fact, rather later that the fourth century became the focus of the debate about the unity, authority, and identity of the Church - Newman obviously springs to mind and his Arians of the Fourth Century (London, 1833) and his Essay on the Development of Doctrine (London, 1845). Later on, the fourth century attracted the attention of scholars such as Professor H. M. Gwatkin and his Studies in Arianism (Cambridge, 1882), and Professor S. L. Greenslade and his Schism in the Early Church (London, 1953), and in quite modern times Arianism, in particular, has remained a mirror in which scholars have seen reflected the problems of the modern Church (a good example is the third part of Rowan Williams’s Arius: Heresy and Tradition [London, 1987], though there are plenty of others). Continental scholars such as Adolf von Harnack also studied the past, informed by theological perspectives derived from the present; in a different and striking way Erik Peterson turned to the fourth century to find the roots of an ideology of unity that was fuelling the murderous policies of Nazism. In all these cases the fourth century seemed to be a test case ‒ for questions of modern ecclesiology: Rome defended by development in the case of Newman, the justification for the ecumenical movement in the case of Greenslade.

Influence of decreased biomass on the ogive of sex change of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 1054-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingibjörg G Jónsdóttir ◽  
Gudrún G Thórarinsdóttir ◽  
Jónas P Jonasson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Change Process ◽  
Sex Change ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Pandalus Borealis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Northern Shrimp ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lower Size

Abstract Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) are protandrous hermaphrodites that reproduce first as males, go through a transition phase and transform to females, and then spawn as such for the rest of their lives. No clear consensus exists as to which factors influence the activation of the sex change process, but one possible factor is population density. Here, we investigate whether changes in stock size can influence the ogive of sex change, and use a 26-year time series (i.e. 1990–2015) of survey data on shrimp biomass from three different stocks in Iceland as a test case. Two of the stocks experienced periods of high biomass during the 1990 s, with a pronounced and prolonged depletion observed after 2000. In contrast, stock biomass of the third stock decreased only slightly during the time series. We found that the ogives of sex change of the two stocks where the biomass decreased to very low levels have changed significantly, and that shrimp now change sex at a lower size compared to earlier. Furthermore, Lmax has decreased significantly.

Application of a Nonlinear Harmonic Method to the Simulation of Clocking Effects

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vilmin ◽  
E. Lorrain ◽  
Ch. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Plane Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
Harmonic Method ◽  
Blade Row ◽  
Spatial Phase Shift

Pursuing higher levels of efficiency in turbomachines requires the capability to reproduce a fuller extent of the blade row interactions. This is especially true for the clocking phenomena, whose influence on the efficiency can be important. For instance, the efficiency variation over a set of relative positions between two successive stators could reach 1 to 2% in high pressure turbines (Huber et al, 1996, Haldeman et al, 2004). The simulation of these complex effects still relies on time-dependent methods for the reproduction of the unsteadiness and its impact onto the time-mean flow. The nonlinear harmonic method and its extension to clocking effects, as introduced by He (1998), and He and Chen (2002), can simulate the whole unsteady flow at considerably reduced CPU costs. The treatment is very powerful since it can predict the performances of a multirow component for all the clocking positions. This is done by means of harmonics that describe a spatial phase shift of the flow in a rotor or stator, due respectively to a co-rotating rotor or stator. The present paper applies this approach for the simulation of the clocking effects. This is handled by a full connection treatment, which was shown (Vilmin et al, 2006) to give a significant improvement over the mixing-plane method in the time-averaged flow estimations of the full unsteady flow across the rotor/stator interface. In a first part of the paper, implementation issues of the treatment are presented. In particular, consideration is made of the importance of the clocking effects related to the ratios between the blade numbers. In a second part, a validation pseudo-2D multirow test case is presented that demonstrate the capabilities of the method. The third part deals with the simulation of the clocking effect on the performance of a 1.5 stage turbine. CPU and cost are presented, that show the considerable efficiency of the extended harmonic method.

scholarly journals Disability as a Problem of Humanity in Scottish Enlightenment Thought

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Esme Cleall ◽  
Onni Gust
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Third ◽  
Philosophical Questions

Abstract This article makes a case that disability, particularly visual, hearing, and speech impairments, played a significant role in Scottish Enlightenment thought. Focusing on the work of Dugald Stewart, and in particular on his essay ‘Some account of a boy born blind and deaf’, we argue that disability was a deep preoccupation of Scottish Enlightenment thinkers who used it as a test case for various important philosophical questions including those concerning ‘human nature’ and the limits of humanity. The article starts by situating the philosophical debate in the context of lived experiences of, and proximity to, impairment. The second part offers a close reading of Stewart's text ‘Some account’, about James Mitchell, a fourteen-year-old deafblind boy living in the Scottish Highlands. The third part examines how disability operated in relation to other hierarchies of difference that have been demonstrated to have been central to Enlightenment thought, in particular that of race. Overall, the contribution this article makes is to introduce disability as an important, if currently overlooked, category in Scottish Enlightenment thought that needs further investigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document